出版時(shí)間:2010-4 出版社:北京大學(xué)出版社 作者:王恩銘 編 頁數(shù):318
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前言
目前,我國外語教學(xué)界正日漸形成這樣一種共識(shí),即外語教學(xué)與外國文化教育密切相關(guān),不可割離。圍繞語言教學(xué)與文化教育的關(guān)系問題,學(xué)術(shù)界主要有三種觀點(diǎn)。一種觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為,語言與文化是一種從屬關(guān)系,即語言為主,文化為輔,英語表述為langtrage teaching with a cultural dimen-sion。另一種觀點(diǎn)提出,語言教學(xué)與文化教育應(yīng)齊頭并進(jìn),不分主次,互為補(bǔ)充,英語表述為culture teaching as a paralle to language teaching。還有一種觀點(diǎn)主張,語言教學(xué)與文化教育構(gòu)成一個(gè)不可割裂的整體,英語表述為culture teaching as an integral part of language teaching。盡管這三種觀點(diǎn)側(cè)重點(diǎn)相異,對文化在語言教學(xué)過程中的權(quán)重認(rèn)識(shí)不一,但它們的共同點(diǎn)還是顯而易見的,即三者都強(qiáng)調(diào)文化教育對語言教學(xué)的影響和作用。以此推論,即便了解和掌握一國文化不是學(xué)好其語言的必要條件,至少也是有助于語言學(xué)習(xí)和運(yùn)用的?! ≌腔谶@一認(rèn)識(shí),本人用英語編寫了這本《美國社會(huì)文化》,旨在為中國的英語學(xué)習(xí)者和美國文化愛好者提供一幅以美國文化理念和價(jià)值觀為主線、以美國人民族特性和行為方式為內(nèi)容、以美國社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)和地區(qū)特色為襯托的“美國社會(huì)文化全景圖”。眾所周知,語言的背后是文化,文化的背后是良知,良知的背后是人性。因此,無論是從現(xiàn)實(shí)主義或者實(shí)用主義,還是從道德良知或者人文精神的角度來說,知曉和領(lǐng)悟美國文化不僅有助于我們對英語(至少是美國英語)的切實(shí)掌握和靈活運(yùn)用,而且有助于我們?nèi)宋乃仞B(yǎng)的提升和思想情操的修煉。毋庸說,我們不必把美國文化“照單全收”,更沒有必要仿而效之,而應(yīng)該采取取其精華、去其糟粕的態(tài)度,一方面探尋美國人的文化精神,另一方面尋求全人類的共同關(guān)懷。在了解和詮釋美國文化的精神之旅中,我們不僅可以解讀英語文字中的文化信息,更可以英語文字為載體透視美利堅(jiān)民族之魂?! ¢L期以來,本人在講授英語語言技能的同時(shí)教授美國文化課程。近三十載的教學(xué)實(shí)踐告訴我,英語語言教學(xué)必須輔以文化內(nèi)容,即language teaching with a cultural dimension。這是最基本的要求,否則語言學(xué)習(xí)只能流于表面,無法深入內(nèi)層。事實(shí)上,對英語國家文化的生疏和無知不僅阻礙語言習(xí)得過程,而且影響甚至制約對語言的準(zhǔn)確理解和完整掌握。
內(nèi)容概要
《美國社會(huì)文化》旨在為中國的英語學(xué)習(xí)者和美國文化愛好者提供一幅以美國文化理念和價(jià)值觀為主線、以美國人民族特性和行為方式為內(nèi)容、以美國社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)和地區(qū)特色為襯托的“美國社會(huì)文化全景圖。。眾所周知,語言的背后是文化,文化的背后是良知,良知的背后是人性。因此,無論是從現(xiàn)實(shí)主義或者實(shí)用主義,還是從道德良知或者人文精神的角度來說,知曉和領(lǐng)悟美國文化不僅有助于我們對英語的切實(shí)掌握和靈活運(yùn)用,而且有助于我們?nèi)宋乃仞B(yǎng)的提升和思想情操的修煉。
作者簡介
王恩銘,1957年生。博士,教授,博士生導(dǎo)師,上海外國語大學(xué)美國研究中心負(fù)責(zé)人,中華美國學(xué)會(huì)會(huì)員,上海美國研究學(xué)會(huì)理事和中國美國研究聯(lián)絡(luò)會(huì)理事。長期從事美國文化與高級英語的教學(xué)工作。2002年榮獲上海外國語大學(xué)首屆“青年十佳教師”,2002年獲上海外國語大學(xué)教育獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)基金“申銀萬國科研”一等獎(jiǎng);2006年獲上海外國語大學(xué)科研學(xué)術(shù)專著三等獎(jiǎng);2006年獲上海外國語大學(xué)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)基金“卡西歐論文獎(jiǎng)”:2007年及2009年獲上海外國語大學(xué)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)基金“卡西歐專著獎(jiǎng)”。2008年獲上海外國語大學(xué)科研學(xué)術(shù)論文一等獎(jiǎng),2009年獲上海外國語大學(xué)教育獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)基金一等獎(jiǎng)。
書籍目錄
Chapter One Out of the Past Learning Objectives 1.1 The Birth of a New Nation 1.2 The Growth of the New Republic 1.3 The Civil War and the Reconstruction 1.4 Growth and Transformation 1.5 The Progressive Thrust 1.6 War, Prosperity, and Depression 1.7 World War II and Its Impact 1.8 Decades of Change: 1960--1980 1.9 America at the Turn of the Century Summary Essay Questions Chapter Two The American Identity Learning Objectives 2.1 The Anglo-Saxons 2.2 White Ethnic Americans 2.3 African Americans 2.4 Latinos/Hispanics 2.5 Asian Americans 2.6 Native Americans Summary Essay Questions Chapter Three Religion in America Learning Objectives 3.1 Religion in America: A Brief History 3.2 "In God We Trust" 3.3 Church, State and Politics 3.4 Popular Religion 3.5 Civil Religion and Beyond Summary Essay Questions Chapter Four American Beliefs Learning Objectives 4.1 Primary Beliefs of American Culture 4.2 Immigrant Beliefs 4.3 Frontier Beliefs 4.4 Religious and Moral Beliefs 4.5 Social Beliefs 4.6 Political Beliefs 4.7 Beliefs on Human Nature Summary Essay Questions Chapter Five American Values and Assumptions Chapter Six Cultural Regions in America Chapter Seven Education in America Chapter Eight The American Family Chapter Nine Mass Media Chapter Ten Popular Culture Chapter Eleven Capitalist Economy and Business Chapter Twelve Social Services Chapter Thirteen Law and Legal System Chapter Fourteen American Women Chapter Fifteen Who Is an American? Essay Questions Bibliography
章節(jié)摘錄
The city had many faces.Slums,criminals,beggars,and grafters displayed one side of urban life.Beautiful parks broad avenues lined with smart stores and find mansions,great churches,theaters,museums,and libraries showed another.The best hospitals and the best schools were to be found in the cities,as were also the intellectual nerve centers of the country the offices of the leading magazines,newspapers,and book publishers.It was part of the centralization of American life that the mores ophisticated manners and morals of the city should exert a steadily widening influence over the country as a whole.The city was the home of the rich no less than of the poor。but the rich were enjoying their golden hour in the city as the poor could not.For women,however,the city gave them new opportunities for indepen dencethat were nerve dreamed of.The narrow alternatives of earlier davs school-teaching,domestic service,factory work now broadened to offer employment to women doctors,lawyers,typists,telephone operators,librarians,journalists,and social workers.Particularly interesting were the opportunities in nursing.Excerpt in a few Catholic hospitals,femalenurses before the Civil War were an untrained and little-respected group.But by 1883,with the radical alteration of public attitudes,there were twenty-two training schools in the country.Urban conditions,the growing independence of women,and many other economic and social factors exerted their influence on American family life.Between 1860 and 1910,the birth rate declined from about 41per thousand to about 27.Smaller families were particularly characteristic of the urban professional and business classes,who found it increasinglyexpensive to give children the educational and other advantages that were considered necessary.Even more alarming to many moralists was the steady increase in divorce.In 1867,fewer than 10,000 divorces were granted in the whole country 0.3 divorce per thousand of population.In1914,there were over 100,000 divorces and the rate had risen to 1.0 perthousand inhabitants.
編輯推薦
《美國社會(huì)文化》在了解和詮釋美國社會(huì)文化的精神之旅中,我們不僅可以解讀英語文字中的文化信息,更可以以英語文字為載體透視美利堅(jiān)民族之魂。通過學(xué)習(xí)美國社會(huì)與文化,可以更加系統(tǒng)、完整地理解和把握美國文化,進(jìn)而在理性層面對英語語言既“知其然”,又“知其所以然”,最終自覺使用正確、地道的英語。
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