大學(xué)英語教程（第四冊(cè)）

前言

　　2l世紀(jì)，科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)展日新月異，發(fā)明創(chuàng)造層出不窮，知識(shí)更新日趨頻繁，全民學(xué)習(xí)、終身學(xué)習(xí)已經(jīng)成為適應(yīng)經(jīng)濟(jì)與社會(huì)發(fā)展的基本途徑。近年來，我國(guó)高等教育取得了跨越式的發(fā)展，毛入學(xué)率由1998年的8％迅速增長(zhǎng)到2008年的23.3％，已經(jīng)進(jìn)入到大眾化的發(fā)展階段，這其中高等繼續(xù)教育發(fā)揮了重要的作用。同時(shí)，高等繼續(xù)教育作為“傳統(tǒng)學(xué)校教育向終身教育發(fā)展的一種新型教育制度”，對(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)“形成全民學(xué)習(xí)、終身學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)習(xí)型社會(huì)”、“構(gòu)建終身教育體系”的宏偉目標(biāo)，發(fā)揮著其他教育形式不可替代的作用?！　∧壳埃覈?guó)高等繼續(xù)教育的發(fā)展規(guī)模已占全國(guó)高等教育的一半左右，隨著我國(guó)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整、傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)部門的改造以及新興產(chǎn)業(yè)部門的建立，各種崗位上數(shù)以千萬計(jì)的勞動(dòng)者，需要通過邊工作邊學(xué)習(xí)來調(diào)整自己的知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)、提高自己的知識(shí)水平，以適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟(jì)與社會(huì)發(fā)展的要求?？梢姡覈?guó)高等繼續(xù)教育的發(fā)展，既肩負(fù)著重大的歷史使命，又面臨著難得的發(fā)展機(jī)遇?！　∥覈?guó)的高等繼續(xù)教育要抓住機(jī)遇發(fā)展，完成自己的歷史使命，從根本上說就是要全面提高教育教學(xué)質(zhì)量，這涉及多方面的工作，但抓好教材建設(shè)是提高教學(xué)質(zhì)量的基礎(chǔ)和中心環(huán)節(jié)。眾所周知，高等繼續(xù)教育的培養(yǎng)對(duì)象主要是已經(jīng)走上各種生產(chǎn)或工作崗位的從業(yè)人員，這就決定了高等繼續(xù)教育的目標(biāo)是培養(yǎng)能適應(yīng)新世紀(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展要求的動(dòng)手能力強(qiáng)、具有創(chuàng)新能力的應(yīng)用型人才。因此，高等繼續(xù)教育教材的編寫“要本著學(xué)用結(jié)合的原則，重視從業(yè)人員的知識(shí)更新，提高廣大從業(yè)人員的思想文化素質(zhì)和職業(yè)技能”，體現(xiàn)出高等繼續(xù)教育的針對(duì)性、實(shí)用性和職業(yè)性特色?！　檫m應(yīng)我國(guó)高等繼續(xù)教育發(fā)展的新形勢(shì)、培養(yǎng)應(yīng)用型人才、滿足廣大學(xué)員的學(xué)習(xí)需要，中國(guó)人民大學(xué)出版社邀請(qǐng)了國(guó)內(nèi)知名專家、學(xué)者對(duì)我國(guó)高等繼續(xù)教育的教學(xué)改革與教材建設(shè)進(jìn)行專題研討，成立了教材編審委員會(huì)，聯(lián)合中國(guó)人民大學(xué)、中國(guó)政法大學(xué)、東北財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)、武漢大學(xué)、山西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)、東北師范大學(xué)、江西師范大學(xué)、南昌航空大學(xué)、華中科技大學(xué)、黑龍江大學(xué)等30多所高校，共同編撰了“2l世紀(jì)高等繼續(xù)教育精品教材”，計(jì)劃在兩三年內(nèi)陸續(xù)推出百種高等繼續(xù)教育精品系列教材。教材編審委員會(huì)對(duì)該系列教材的作者進(jìn)行了嚴(yán)格的遴選，編寫教材的專家、教授都有著豐富的繼續(xù)教育教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)和較高的專業(yè)學(xué)術(shù)水平。

內(nèi)容概要

寫隊(duì)伍全部是來自教學(xué)第一線的教學(xué)骨干，充分地把各位編者的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)融入到教材中，特別是在選編課文時(shí)，注重選編短小精悍的短文，讓師生在一個(gè)教學(xué)單位時(shí)間內(nèi)能夠完成一個(gè)相對(duì)完整的內(nèi)容。     無論是交際技能，還是課文學(xué)習(xí)，抑或是寫作訓(xùn)練，從形式到內(nèi)容，編者都注重選擇最新的語料，并努力使英語學(xué)習(xí)寓于趣味性、娛樂性之中，以使得課堂教學(xué)和課后自學(xué)都不會(huì)枯燥乏味。     內(nèi)容特別注重基本知識(shí)和基本技能的訓(xùn)練，設(shè)計(jì)了數(shù)量可觀的練習(xí)；同時(shí)，考慮到部分學(xué)生入學(xué)時(shí)需要加強(qiáng)英語基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)，本教材特別編寫了《預(yù)備教程》，以供有需要的班級(jí)和學(xué)生在語音和基礎(chǔ)語法方面加強(qiáng)復(fù)習(xí)和練習(xí)。

書籍目錄

UNIT 1  PART Ⅰ Communication Skills    Expressing Likes and Dislikes  PART Ⅱ Text A    Beijing Opera  PART Ⅲ Text B    Chinese Wushu  PART Ⅳ Writing Work    Paragraph Writing: How to Make a Topic Sentence.UNIT 2  PART Ⅰ Communication Skills    Expressing Satisfaction/Dissatisfaction and Complaint  PART Ⅱ Text A    Taj Mahal to Resume Night Visits  PART Ⅲ Text B    Spotlight on Copenhagen  PART Ⅳ Writing Work    Paragraph Writing: How to Develop a Paragraph    (Description & Definition)UNIT 3  PART Ⅰ Communication Skills    Expressing Sympathy and Comfort  PART Ⅱ Text A    Studying Abroad  PART ⅢText B    Oxford University  PART Ⅳ Writing Work    Paragraph Writing: How to Develop a Paragraph    (Exemplification, Listing & Classification)UNIT 4  PART Ⅰ Communication Skills    Expressing Fear and Surprise  PART Ⅱ Text A    Sex Education For Teens  PART Ⅲ Text B  PART Ⅳ Writing Work    Paragraph Writing: How to Develop a Paragraph (Explanation of Causes and Reasons)UNIT 5  PART Ⅰ Communication Skills    Expressing Indifference  PART Ⅱ Text A    The Sculptor Speaks  PART Ⅲ Text B    Collecting  PART Ⅳ Writing Work    Paragraph Writing: How to Develop a Paragraph    (Comparison and Contrast)UNIT 6  PART Ⅰ Communication Skills    Expressing Interest  PART Ⅱ Text A    Language and Technology  PART Ⅲ Text B    Capitalizing on New Technologies  PART Ⅳ Writing Work    Paragraph Writing: How to Develop a Paragraph    (Comment and Criticism)UNIT 7  PART Ⅰ Communication Skills    Expressing the Possibility of Guessing  PART Ⅱ Text A    Friday  PART Ⅲ Text B    Better Than the Movie  PART Ⅳ Writing Work    Paragraph Writing: How to Develop a Paragraph    (Analysis)UNIT 8  PART Ⅰ Communication Skills    Expressing Expectations  PART Ⅱ Text A    Do Animals Think?  PART Ⅲ Text B    Dogs and Men  PART Ⅳ Writing Work    Paragraph Writing: How to Develop a Paragraph    (Description of Charts or Graphs)UNIT 9  PART Ⅰ Communication Skills    Space Description  PART Ⅱ Text A    Women's Role in Their Marriage  PART Ⅲ Text B    Good Friends  PART Ⅳ Writing Work    Paragraph Writing: How to Develop a Paragraph    (Viewpoint Demonstration & Refuting a Viewpoint)...UNIT 10  PART Ⅰ Communication Skills    Expressing Amount, Size and Measure  PART Ⅱ Text A    Christmas in Australia  PART Ⅲ Text B    Santa Claus Around the World  PART Ⅳ Writing Work    Paragraph Writing: How to Develop a Paragraph    (Narration of Methods and Ways)UNIT 11  PART Ⅰ Communication Skills    Expressing Methods and Means  PART Ⅱ Text A    Pioneer in Space  PART Ⅲ Text B    The Dangers of Space Travel  PART Ⅳ Writing Work    Paragraph Writing: How to Develop a Paragraph    (Narration of Scene & Process)UNIT 12  PART Ⅰ Communication Skills    Expressing Calculations and Measurements  PART Ⅱ Text A    London Olympic 2012 Plan  PART Ⅲ Text B    Martial Arts  PART Ⅳ Writing Work    Paragraph Writing: How to Develop a Paragraph (Logical Order)綜合練習(xí)

章節(jié)摘錄

　　Wushu (also known as kung-fu or martial arts) is one of the typical demonstrations of traditional Chinese culture. It is a sport which utilizes both brawn and brain.　　The theory of Wushu is based upon classical Chinese philosophy, while the skills of Wushu consist of various forms of fighting: fist fights, weapon fights, and other fighting routines (including such offence and defense acts as kicking, hitting, throwing, holding, chopping and thrusting) and unarmed combats.　　Wushu is not only a sporting exercise but also an artistic form. It is used to cure illness as well as for self-defense and is a comprehensive form of culture of the human body.　　Wushu enjoys a long history and great popularity in China. Thanks to its uniqueness and charisma originating from traditional Oriental culture, Wushu is captivating the attention of more and more people in other nations.　　As one of the earliest and long-lasting sports, Wushu has developed its own characteristics over time. Major characteristics are listed below:　　Because of its long history incorporating differences in culture, ideology, region and usages, Wushu has developed into a great variety of schools and styles. While some schools emphasize the use of fist and hand technique, others emphasize leg technique and footwork. Some take interest in the variation of acts whereas others prefer simplicity.　　Some focus on keeping opponents at arms and legs length while others like to fight in close contact. The assortment of schools and styles displays the colorful features of Wushu and gratifies the various needs of people.　　Wushu includes the use of many weapons. Chinese ancients named the Wushu arsenal the "Eighteen Arms", but there are many more in use. Almost all fights are accompanied by weapon usage of one kind or another. The combination of fist fights and weapon usage allows for a fuller and more efficient application of Wushu skills while sharpening the insight of combat and control and enriching the program of Wushu exercise.

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