出版時(shí)間:2012-5 出版社:北京師范大學(xué)出版社
內(nèi)容概要
《國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)與貿(mào)易精品教材:國(guó)際結(jié)算(雙語(yǔ)教材)》以國(guó)際商會(huì)的慣例或出版物為基礎(chǔ),全面系統(tǒng)地介紹了與國(guó)際結(jié)算相關(guān)的單據(jù)、票據(jù)、融資、主要結(jié)算方法(如匯款、托收、信用證),其他結(jié)算方法(保函、保理、福費(fèi)廷等)以及貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)等內(nèi)容。不僅概括性地介紹了當(dāng)前國(guó)際結(jié)算比較前沿的理論,還引入了一些前沿性的實(shí)務(wù)操作案例。特別是對(duì)在信息技術(shù)的支持下出現(xiàn)的電子支付工具、電子單證等都進(jìn)行了闡述。
書(shū)籍目錄
Chapter 1 Introduction (Learning Objectives) 1 1.1 The concept of international settlement 1.2 The categories of international settlement 1.3 The risks involved in international settlement 1.3.1 Product production and transport risks 1.3.2 Credit risks 1.3.3 Adverse business risks 1.3.4 Political risks 1.3.5 Financial risks 1.3.6 Foreign exchange risks 1.4 Parties and their roles 1.5 The application of international payment 1.5.1 Payment in advance 1.5.2 Credit transactions 1.5.3 Collection 1. 5.4 Letter of credit (L/C) 1.5.5 Letter of guarantee and standby L/C 1.6 Evolution of international payment 1.6.1 From cash settlement to instruments settlement 1.6.2 From direct payment between traders to payment effected through a financial intermediary 1.6.3 From goods trading to documents trading 1.6.4 From paper documentary settlement to electronic documentary settlement 1.7 International rules and practice Chapter 2 International Payment and Clearing System (Learning Objectives) 2.1 Payment system 2.1.1 E-commerce payment system 2.1.2 Clearing process 2.2 SWIFT 2.2.1 Introduction 2.2.2 Characteristics 2.2.3 Types of SWIFT message 2.3 Some major payment system 2.3.1 CHIPS 2.3.2 FEDWIRE 2.3.3 CHAPS 2.3.4 TARGET 2.4 Correspondent banks in international settlement 2.4. 1 Banking institutions 2.4.2 Correspondent bank 2.4.3 Depository banks Chapter 3 Instruments of International Settlement (Learning Objectives) 3.1 An overview of negotiable instruments 3.1.1 Definition of a negotiable instrument 3.1.2 Chief features of a negotiable instrument 3.1.3 Parties to a negotiable instrument 3.1.4 Negotiable instrument laws 3.2 Bill of exchange 3.2.1 Definition of a bill of exchange 3.2.2 Contents of a bill of exchange 3.2.3 Parties to a bill of exchange 3.2.4 Classification of bill of exchange 3.2.5 Acts relating to a bill of exchange 3.3 Promissory note 3.3.1 Definition of a promissory note 3.3.2 Parties & characteristics of a promissory note 3.3.3 Contents of a promissory note 3.3.4 Classification of promissory: note 3.3.5 Difference between a bill and a note 3.4 Check 3.4.1 Definition of a check 3.4.2 Contents & features of a check 3.4.3 Parties to a check 3.4.4 Classification of check 3.4. 5 Check clearing & dishonor 3.4.6 Difference between a check and a bill of exchange 3.5 Other negotiable instruments (Summary) (Case Study) Chapter 4 Remittance/50 (Learning Objectives) 4. 1 Outlines of remittance 4.1.1 Definition of a remittance 4.1.2 Parties to a remittance 4.1.3 Types of remittance 4.2 Procedure of remittance and comparison of M/T, T/T, and D/D 4.2.1 Procedure of remittance 4.2.2 Comparison of M/T, T/T, and D/D 4.3 Reimbursement of remittance cover and refund 4.3.1 Reimbursement of remittance cover 4.3.2 Cancel the remittance or refund the imbursement 4.4 The function of remittance in international trade 4.4.1 Payment in advance 4.4.2 Payment after arrival of goods (Summary) (Case Study) Chapter 5 Collection (Learning Objectives) 5.1 Outlines of collection 5.1.1 Definition of a collection 5.1.2 Parties to a collection 5.1.3 Types of collection 5.2 Documentary collection practice 5.2.1 Procedures of documentary collection 5.2.2 Terms of releasing documents 5.2.3 Collection instruction 5.2.4 Liabilities and disclaimers of banks 5.3 Risk protection and financing under collection 5.3.1 Risk and protection for exporters and importers 5.3.2 Financing under the collection (Summary) (Case Study) Chapter 6 Letter of Credit (Learning Objectives) 6.1 Outlines of letter of credit (L/C) 6.1.1 Definition of a letter of credit 6.1.2 Roles of letter of credit 6.1.3 Characteristics of letter of credit 6.2 Parties to a letter of credit 6.2.1 Applicant/buyer 6.2.2 Issuing (buyer's) bank 6.2.3 Beneficiary (seller/exporter) 6.2.4 Advising (seller's) bank 6.2.5 Other parties 6.3 The major forms and contents of L/C 6.3.1 The forms of L/C 6.3.2 The contents of L/C 6.3.3 International rules and customs 6.4 Procedures of L/C 6.4.1 Application 6.4.2 Issuance 6.4.3 Amendment 6.4.4 Utilization 6.4.5 Negotiation of L/C by negotiating banks 6.4. 6 Documents examined and honored by issuing banks 6.4. 7 Payment by applicants 6.5 A specific case on the procedure of L/C 6.5.1 Background 6.5.2 Brief introduction of the case 6.5.3 Procedures 6.6 Examination of a documentary credit 6.7 Types of credit 6.7.1 Clean credit and documentary credit 6.7.2 Revocable credit and irrevocable credit 6.7.3 Confirmed irrevocable credits and unconfirmed irrevocable credits 6.7.4 Sight payment credit, deferred (usance) payment credit, acceptance credit, and negotiation credit 110 6.7.5 Transferable credit, non-transferable credit, and back-to-back credit 6.7.6 Reciprocal credit 6.7.7 Revolving credit 6.7.8 Straight credit 6.7.9 Red clause credit 6.8 Key issues under letter of credit 6.8.1 Regarding the role of banks 6.8.2 Risk protection 6.8.3 Financing provided by banks under a letter of credit (Summary) (Case Study) …… Chapter 7 Letter of Guarantee and Standby L/C Chapter 8 International Factoring and Forfeiting Chapter 9 Documents Used in International Settlement Chapter 10 International Trade Terms
章節(jié)摘錄
版權(quán)頁(yè): 插圖: 3.2.4 匯票的平中類(lèi) 1.國(guó)際匯票和國(guó)內(nèi)匯票 按照三個(gè)當(dāng)事人居住地不同進(jìn)行分類(lèi),可分為國(guó)際匯票和國(guó)內(nèi)匯票。當(dāng)匯票出票人、付款人、收款人的居住地中有兩個(gè)在不同國(guó)家,匯票在兩個(gè)國(guó)家流通時(shí),被稱(chēng)為國(guó)際匯票或外國(guó)匯票。國(guó)際結(jié)算使用的匯票多為國(guó)際匯票。當(dāng)匯票出票人、付款人、收款人的居住地在同一個(gè)國(guó)家,匯票僅在一個(gè)國(guó)家內(nèi)流通時(shí),被稱(chēng)為國(guó)內(nèi)匯票。 2.即期匯票和遠(yuǎn)期匯票 按照匯票的付款期限長(zhǎng)短,可分為即期匯票和遠(yuǎn)期匯票。即期匯票是指見(jiàn)票即行付款的匯票,所以也稱(chēng)為見(jiàn)票即付匯票或即期付款匯票。遠(yuǎn)期匯票是指必須到約定日期方可請(qǐng)求付款的匯票,即定期付款匯票。 3.商業(yè)匯票和銀行匯票 按照付款人和出票人的不同,可分為商業(yè)匯票和銀行匯票。當(dāng)匯票出票人、付款人均是企業(yè)或公司時(shí),被稱(chēng)為商業(yè)匯票。當(dāng)匯票出票人、付款人均是銀行時(shí),被稱(chēng)為銀行匯票。 4.銀行承兌匯票和商業(yè)承兌匯票 按照票據(jù)的信用基礎(chǔ),可分為銀行承兌匯票和商業(yè)承兌匯票。銀行承兌匯票是指匯票上的付款人是銀行,由銀行承兌的遠(yuǎn)期匯票。商業(yè)承兌匯票是建立在商業(yè)信用基礎(chǔ)之上的,由工商企業(yè)或個(gè)人承兌的遠(yuǎn)期匯票,其出票人也是工商企業(yè)或個(gè)人。例如,出口企業(yè)出票、進(jìn)口企業(yè)承兌。所以商業(yè)承兌匯票也是商業(yè)匯票的一種。 5.光票和跟單匯票 按照匯票是否跟隨單據(jù),可分為光票和跟單匯票。當(dāng)匯票不附帶單據(jù)時(shí),稱(chēng)為光票。當(dāng)匯票附帶單據(jù)時(shí),稱(chēng)為跟單匯票。國(guó)際貿(mào)易結(jié)算中的單據(jù)一般有提單、商業(yè)發(fā)票、領(lǐng)事發(fā)票、保險(xiǎn)單、包裝單、重量單、公證行報(bào)告、產(chǎn)地證明、衛(wèi)生證明書(shū)等。具體附帶哪些單據(jù),根據(jù)進(jìn)口商委托往來(lái)銀行對(duì)出口商的商業(yè)信用狀況所規(guī)定的條件而定。由于跟單匯票體現(xiàn)了錢(qián)款與單據(jù)對(duì)流的原則,對(duì)進(jìn)出口雙方提供了一定的安全保障。 3.2.5 票據(jù)行為 1.出票(Issue) 發(fā)出匯票包括兩個(gè)動(dòng)作:一個(gè)是寫(xiě)成匯票并在匯票上簽字,另一個(gè)是將匯票交給收款人,這樣就創(chuàng)設(shè)了匯票的債權(quán),使收款人持有匯票就擁有債權(quán)。交付是指實(shí)際的或推定的所有權(quán)從一個(gè)人轉(zhuǎn)移至另一個(gè)人的行為。匯票的出票、背書(shū)、承兌的票據(jù)行為在交付前都是不生效的和可以撤銷(xiāo)的,只有將匯票交付給他人后,出票、背書(shū)、承兌行為才開(kāi)始生效,并且都是不可撤銷(xiāo)的。 開(kāi)出匯票時(shí),出票人簽名于上,就要對(duì)匯票付款承擔(dān)責(zé)任,而付款人對(duì)于匯票并不承擔(dān)責(zé)任。因?yàn)閰R票不是“領(lǐng)款單”,匯票是由出票人擔(dān)保的“信用貨幣”,收款人的債權(quán)完全依賴(lài)于出票人的信用。 2.背書(shū)(Endorsement) 背書(shū)是指匯票背面的簽字。只有持票人,即收款人或背書(shū)人才有權(quán)背書(shū)匯票。持票人要把票據(jù)權(quán)利轉(zhuǎn)讓給別人,必須在票據(jù)背面簽字并經(jīng)交付,匯票權(quán)利即由背書(shū)人轉(zhuǎn)移至被背書(shū)人。背書(shū)包括兩個(gè)動(dòng)作:一個(gè)是在匯票背面簽字,另一個(gè)是交付給被背書(shū)人,只有經(jīng)過(guò)交付,才算完成背書(shū)行為,使其背書(shū)有效和不可撤銷(xiāo)。背書(shū)有以下幾種類(lèi)型。 (1)特別背書(shū)(Special endorsement) 特別背書(shū)又稱(chēng)記名背書(shū),需要記載“支付給被背書(shū)人名稱(chēng)的指定人”,并經(jīng)背書(shū)人簽字,被背書(shū)人可用背書(shū)和交付方法繼續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)讓匯票。 已作空白背書(shū)的匯票,任何持票人可將空白背書(shū)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橛浢硶?shū)。只要在背書(shū)人名稱(chēng)簽字上面寫(xiě)明“支付給×××(持票人自己的名稱(chēng)或第三者的名稱(chēng))的指定人”即可。 (2)空白背書(shū)(Blank endorsement) 空白背書(shū)又稱(chēng)不記名背書(shū),即不記載被背書(shū)人名稱(chēng),只有背書(shū)人的簽字。當(dāng)匯票空白背書(shū)后,交付轉(zhuǎn)讓給一個(gè)不記名的受讓人,他與來(lái)人抬頭匯票的來(lái)人相同,可以不需背書(shū),僅憑交付再行轉(zhuǎn)讓?zhuān)驗(yàn)樗麤](méi)在匯票背面簽字,對(duì)匯票就不承擔(dān)責(zé)任。 (3)限制性背書(shū)(Restrictive endorsement) 限制性背書(shū)是指“支付給被背書(shū)人”的指示帶有限制性詞語(yǔ)的背書(shū)。限制性背書(shū)匯票,禁止被背書(shū)人把匯票再行流通或轉(zhuǎn)讓?zhuān)荒軕{票取款。 (4)有條件背書(shū)(Conditional endorsement) 有條件背書(shū)是指“支付給被背書(shū)人”的指示是帶有條件的背書(shū)。開(kāi)出匯票必須是無(wú)條件的支付命令,作成背書(shū)可以帶有條件。附帶條件僅對(duì)背書(shū)人和被背書(shū)人有著約束作用,它與付款人、出票人無(wú)關(guān)。當(dāng)匯票給付款人提示要求付款時(shí),付款人不管條件是否履行,可以照常付款給持票人,匯票即被解除責(zé)任。帶有條件背書(shū)實(shí)際是指背書(shū)行為中的交付,只有在條件完成時(shí)方可把匯票交給被背書(shū)人。
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