化工專業(yè)英語

出版時間:2010-9  出版社:化學工業(yè)出版社  作者:劉慶文 主編  頁數(shù):144  

前言

  2006年11月教育部頒布了《關(guān)于全面提高高等職業(yè)教育教學質(zhì)量的若干意見》(教高[2006]16號)文件,文件中明確了課程建設(shè)與改革是提高教學質(zhì)量的核心,也是教學改革的重點和難點。文件要求各高等職業(yè)院校應(yīng)積極與行業(yè)企業(yè)合作開發(fā)課程,根據(jù)技術(shù)領(lǐng)域和職業(yè)崗位(群)的任職要求,參照相關(guān)的職業(yè)資格標準,改革課程體系和教學內(nèi)容;要建立突出職業(yè)能力培養(yǎng)的課程標準,規(guī)范課程教學的基本要求,提高課程教學質(zhì)量;要改革教學方法和手段,融“教、學、做”為一體,強化學生能力的培養(yǎng);要加強教材建設(shè),與行業(yè)企業(yè)共同開發(fā)緊密結(jié)合生產(chǎn)實際的實訓教材,并確保優(yōu)質(zhì)教材進課堂。  自文件頒布以來,在我國掀起了新的一輪高職高專教育教學改革熱潮,以工作過程系統(tǒng)化重構(gòu)高職高專課程體系,以項目化課程教學法改革傳統(tǒng)學科傳授教學法,取得了豐碩的成果。學生學習的興趣、學習動力、自覺性、主動性、自信心、主體性和專業(yè)能力、自學能力、創(chuàng)新能力、團隊合作能力、與人交流能力、計劃策劃能力、信息獲取與加工能力等都得到明顯提高,學生對復雜專業(yè)知識的把握情況也顯著改善。項目化課程教學改革完全符合教育部的十六號文件精神。項目化課程教學改革遵循的八大原則更是體現(xiàn)了當今先進的高等職業(yè)教育觀念。這八大原則是:①課程教學應(yīng)進行整體教學設(shè)計;②課程內(nèi)容是職業(yè)活動導向、工作過程導向,而不是學科知識的邏輯推演導向;③課程教學突出能力目標,而不僅僅是突出知識目標;④課程內(nèi)容的載體主要是項目和任務(wù),而不是語言、文字、圖形、公式;⑤能力的訓l練過程必須精心設(shè)計,反復訓I練,而不是在講完系統(tǒng)的知識之后,舉幾個知識的應(yīng)用例子;⑥學生是課程教學過程中的主體;⑦課程的內(nèi)容和教學過程應(yīng)當“做、學、教”一體化,“實踐、知識、理論”一體化;⑧注意在課程教學中滲透八大職業(yè)核心能力(外語應(yīng)用能力、與人合作能力、與人交流能力、信息處理能力、數(shù)字應(yīng)用能力、解決問題能力、自我學習和創(chuàng)新革新能力)的培養(yǎng)?! ∪珖じ叩嚷殬I(yè)教育教學指導委員會(簡稱全國化工高職教指委)化工技術(shù)類專業(yè)委員會于2002年組織全國石油與化工各職業(yè)院校教師編寫了第一套高職高?;ぜ夹g(shù)類專業(yè)規(guī)劃教材,解決了當時高職院校化工技術(shù)類專業(yè)無教材的困難。然而,隨著科學技術(shù)的進步,產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整,勞動效率的提高,信息技術(shù)的應(yīng)用,勞動密集型生產(chǎn)已向資本密集型和技術(shù)密集型轉(zhuǎn)變。特別是近年來的項目化課程教學改革的開展,原來的教材已不適應(yīng)高等職業(yè)教育教學改革的需要。為此,全國化工高職教指委化工技術(shù)類專業(yè)委員會于2008年9月在常州工程職業(yè)技術(shù)學院啟動了第二輪規(guī)劃教材編寫工作。

內(nèi)容概要

本教材是為了提高化工技術(shù)類專業(yè)學生化工英語信息獲取能力和信息產(chǎn)出能力,培養(yǎng)與職業(yè)能力結(jié)構(gòu)要求相一致的高素質(zhì)技能型人才而編寫的。    本教材涉及化工產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)、健康、安全、環(huán)境和質(zhì)量等方面的內(nèi)容。材料來源于英文原版書籍、雜志和英文化工方面的相關(guān)網(wǎng)站。由五個模塊20個單元組成,每個單元由課文、難點注釋、詞匯表、課后練習和閱讀材料組成。課文主要內(nèi)容為:化工生產(chǎn)模塊、職業(yè)健康和衛(wèi)生模塊、化工安全模塊、環(huán)境保護模塊和質(zhì)量模塊。書后附有總詞匯表、化學化工常用構(gòu)詞、常見有機基團和常用化工產(chǎn)品英文縮寫。    本教材突出實用、夠用和好用特點,語言精練、圖文并茂、操作性強、覆蓋面廣、難度適中,可作為高職高?;ぜ夹g(shù)類專業(yè)英語教材,也可作為從事化工產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)工作人員的參考書。

書籍目錄

Module One  Chemical Production  Unit One  Production of Sodium Carbonate  Unit Two  Production of Polyethylene  Unit Three  Refining Petroleum  Unit Four  Fine Chemicals  Unit Five Crystallization  Unit Six  Liquid-Liquid Extraction  Unit Seven  Analytical ChemistryModule Two  Vocational Health and Sanitation  Unit Eight Dangerous Factors of Chemical Industry  Unit Nine  Occupational Hazards and Protectio  Unit Ten  Individual ProtectionModule Three  Chemical Industry Safety  Unit Eleven  Hazards of Dangerous Chemicals  Unit Twelve  Electric Accidents  Unit Thirteen Chemical Process Safety InformationModule Four  Environmental Protection  Unit Fourteen  Reduction of Exhaust Emission  Unit Fifteen  Reuse of Waste  Unit Sixteen  Recycle of Chemical Waste  Unit Seventeen  Cleaner ProductionModule Five  Quality  Unit Eigthteen  Quality Assurance  Unit Nineteen  Quality Management Systems  Unit Twenty  Good Manufacturing PracticeAppendixes  Ⅰ  Vocabulary (詞匯表)  Ⅱ  Common Prefixes & Suffixes of Chemistry or Chemical Words (化學化工常用構(gòu)詞)  Ⅲ  Common Groups of Organic Compounds (常見有機基團)  Ⅳ  Common.English Abbreviations of Chemical Products (常用化工產(chǎn)品英文縮寫)References

章節(jié)摘錄

  While similar in its effects to the BLEVE discussed above, unconfined vapor cloudexplosions (UVCES) are another combustion process creating major emergency problems, butonly recently recognized as a threat of total devastation to process plants and surroundings.Chemicals as diverse as hydrogen, ethylene, butane, LPG, cyclohexane, ethylene oxide, ethylchloride, isopropyl alcohol, acrolein, and vinyl chloride, as well as crude oil, have caused seriousUVCEs.Uncontrolled ReleaseWhen a container or containment system fails, the resulting spill or release may have effectswhich may be dramatic or undetected. Chemical materials have a wide range of properties,producing effects of diverse nature. It is difficult to separate chronic from acute emergenciesin this context, since at some point, the chronic low level release may reach a point orconcentration that at least for some persons at high risk, is very acute.2Time-Bomb of Toxic or Explosive Materials from Improper DisposalHazardous-waste management is not a new problem, but its effects, while still largelyunappreciated, are rapidly becoming acute emergencies.3 Pollutants previously discharged intowaterways and atmosphere often accumulate, even when diluted, and become part of thebiological chain. Hazardous wastes may contain toxic chemicals, pesticides, acids, caustics,infectious, radioactive, carcinogenic, flammable, or explosive materials.BiohazardsBiological hazards, also known as biohazards, refer to biological substances that pose a threat tothe health of living organisms, primarily that of humans. This can include medical waste orsamples of a microorganism, virus or toxin (from a biological source) that can impact humanhealth. It can also include substances harmful to animals. Biological hazards are not alwaysvisible, but they must never be overlooked.

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