農(nóng)藥專業(yè)英語

前言

　　隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展，農(nóng)藥生產(chǎn)己由過去依靠單純的天然獲取轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槿缃竦挠袡C(jī)合成，特別是高通量篩選和組合化學(xué)在農(nóng)藥生產(chǎn)中的應(yīng)用，使得農(nóng)藥的開發(fā)速度不斷加快，新的農(nóng)藥品種不斷出現(xiàn)。然而，農(nóng)藥新品種、新技術(shù)大多是由跨國(guó)農(nóng)藥公司開發(fā)的，各種資料和文獻(xiàn)主要以英語為載體，國(guó)內(nèi)學(xué)者和廣大農(nóng)藥學(xué)專業(yè)師生在查閱和參考相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)，如果沒有扎實(shí)的專業(yè)英語知識(shí)，很難對(duì)國(guó)際農(nóng)藥學(xué)動(dòng)向作全面的了解，也很難加以甄別和吸收。因此，學(xué)好農(nóng)藥學(xué)專業(yè)英語顯得尤為重要。然而，目前國(guó)內(nèi)并沒有專門農(nóng)藥學(xué)專業(yè)英語教材，基于此，我們組織編寫了這本《農(nóng)藥專業(yè)英語》。適用對(duì)象為植物保護(hù)、農(nóng)藥學(xué)等專業(yè)的本科生和研究生，也可作為參考資料供相關(guān)專業(yè)人士使用?！　∪珪譃?0個(gè)部分，共計(jì)20個(gè)單元40篇課文，分別介紹了化學(xué)農(nóng)藥、生物農(nóng)藥、農(nóng)藥毒理學(xué)、農(nóng)藥劑型、農(nóng)藥生物測(cè)定、農(nóng)藥殘留分析、抗藥性、農(nóng)藥使用技術(shù)、農(nóng)藥管理及農(nóng)藥環(huán)境與健康等方面的內(nèi)容。全書內(nèi)容豐富全面，專業(yè)詞匯完備，每個(gè)單元后面均列有詳細(xì)注釋，并提供一定量的習(xí)題進(jìn)行練習(xí)和鞏固。書后附錄包括常見農(nóng)藥專業(yè)英語詞根、前后綴，農(nóng)藥劑型名稱及代碼，農(nóng)藥中英文名稱?！　”緯鴱幕瘜W(xué)農(nóng)藥、生物農(nóng)藥到農(nóng)藥生物測(cè)定；從農(nóng)藥劑型、使用技術(shù)到農(nóng)藥管理；從農(nóng)藥毒理學(xué)、農(nóng)藥殘留分析到抗藥性，以及農(nóng)藥對(duì)環(huán)境和人類健康的影響等，均選編了相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)，列舉了大量專業(yè)詞匯，希望能幫助廣大學(xué)生對(duì)農(nóng)藥學(xué)專業(yè)英語有一個(gè)全面、系統(tǒng)和深入的了解，也希望他們?cè)谶M(jìn)一步的學(xué)習(xí)和工作中，能夠熟練使用專業(yè)外語，這正是編者編寫本書的目的之所在。

內(nèi)容概要

本書是根據(jù)近年來農(nóng)藥學(xué)科的快速發(fā)展要求編寫而成。分別介紹了化學(xué)農(nóng)藥、生物農(nóng)藥、農(nóng)藥毒理學(xué)、農(nóng)藥劑型、農(nóng)藥生物測(cè)定、農(nóng)藥殘留分析、抗藥性、農(nóng)藥使用技術(shù)、農(nóng)藥管理及環(huán)境與健康等方面內(nèi)容。書后附錄包括常見農(nóng)藥專業(yè)詞根、前后綴，農(nóng)藥劑型名稱及代碼，農(nóng)藥中英文名稱。    本書可供農(nóng)藥學(xué)專業(yè)的本科生和研究生使用，也可作相關(guān)專業(yè)人員的教學(xué)和參考用書。

書籍目錄

PART  I    CHEMICAL PESTICIDES  　Unit 1  Chemistry of Pesticides　Unit 2  Chemical Classes of InsecticidesPART II  BIOLOGICAL PESTICIDES"　Unit 3  Biopesticides　Unit 4  Biopesticides Based on PhytochemicalsPART III   TOXICOLOGY OF PESTICIDE  　Unit 5  Cholinesterases　Unit 6  the Mode of Action of GlyphosatePART IV  FORMULATIONS　Unit 7  The Formulations of Pesticides （I）　Unit 8  The Formulations of Pesticides （II）PART V  BIOASSAYS  　Unit 9  Experimental Design of Bioassays  　Unit 10  Bioassays ofB. thuringiensisPART VI  PESTICIDE RESIDUES  　Unit 11  Pesticide Residues in Food and International Trade　Unit 12  Analytical Method of the Pesticide Residues.PART VII  RESISTANCE　Unit 13  Resistance to Pesticides　Unit 14  Mechanisms of Resistance to PesticidesPART VIII  APPLICATION OF PESTICIDES.　Unit 15  Application Technologies.　Unit 16  Delivery of Pesticides in AgriculturePART IX  PESTICIDE MANAGEMENT　Unit 17  Pesticide Management in China.　Unit 18  Pesticide Regulation in USA……

章節(jié)摘錄

　　Purification. The filtrate resulting from sample extraction is a complex mixturethat contains organic solvent（s）, water, biochemicals （lipids, sugars, amino acids, andproteins）, and secondary metabolites （organic acids, alkaloids, terpenoids, etc.） at highconcentrations with very minute amounts of the pesticide residues of interest. It is achallenging task to isolate and detect pesticide residues of interest in the presence ofhigh levels of background chemicals, often called matrix interferences. Most crudeextracts require some purification prior to analysis.　　Purification involves the removal of water, evaporation of excess organic solvent,and selective trapping to separate pesticides from interferences. The greater the numberof cleanup steps included in a method, the greater the losses of analytes and the longerit takes to carry out the analysis. Most of the water must be removed from the extract tofurther concentrate the desired analytes. Much water is quickly removed by partitioningthe organic solvent with sodium chloride-saturated water. These techniques removelarge amounts ofthe water, but the remaining traces of water must be removed byfiltering or adding dehydrated hygroscopic salts （e.g., Na2SO4） to the organic phase ofthe extract. Recoveries of extremely water-soluble pesticides such as acephate andmethamidophos can vary depending on the concentration of other solutes and themechanism of water removal.　　Even after the removal of many water-soluble coextractives, extracts still containlarge amounts of interfering compounds and only trace levels of pesticide residues.Buffering the aqueous phase close to a pH of 7 prior to removing water causes moreionic and polar biochemicals to partition into the water and results in removing largequantities of organic acids from the organic phase, which contains neutral and nonpolarchemicals, including pesticide residues. It is also possible to remove large amounts ofnonpolar plant constituents before removing the water by filtering the aqueous/organicextract through reversed-phase solid-phase extraction （SPE） material or an activatedcarbon sorbent.　　Because extracts must be concentrated lO0-fold or more, a requirement for traceresidue analyses, rapid and efficient concentration techniques are preferred. Rotaryevaporators and Kudema-Danish sample concentrators are good for concentratingthermally labile and highly volatile pesticides. Heating the extract in an open beakerwith a stream of gas is also an efficient and inexpensive way to achieve concentration.

圖書封面

圖書標(biāo)簽Tags

無

評(píng)論、評(píng)分、閱讀與下載

---

    農(nóng)藥專業(yè)英語 PDF格式下載

---