機(jī)電工程英語

前言

　　本書編寫的目的是指導(dǎo)學(xué)生閱讀與機(jī)電專業(yè)相關(guān)的英語書刊、文選，使學(xué)生在將來的工作中能夠以英語為工具，獲得相關(guān)的專業(yè)知識和產(chǎn)品信患，并在完成基礎(chǔ)英語課程后，通過學(xué)習(xí)本教材保持英語學(xué)習(xí)的連續(xù)性，使英語水平再上一個臺階。　　本書根據(jù)機(jī)電專業(yè)本身的特點(diǎn)，在選材上注重代表性和廣泛性，涵蓋了機(jī)械工程、電子電氣、自動化控制、數(shù)控與計(jì)算機(jī)數(shù)控等幾個部分的內(nèi)容。每個部分又分為基本單元和閱讀材料兩部分，基本單元的選材主要體現(xiàn)專業(yè)英語的基本特點(diǎn)以及機(jī)電專業(yè)所涉及的主要專業(yè)知識和應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域；閱讀材料部分的選材涉及機(jī)電領(lǐng)域的一些最新技術(shù)應(yīng)用，主要是為了擴(kuò)展學(xué)生的視野?！　∽鳛閷I(yè)英語教材，本書重點(diǎn)在于幫助學(xué)生在專業(yè)英語詞匯的學(xué)習(xí)過程中提高科技英語閱讀能力，力求做到專業(yè)性、科普性、趣味性的統(tǒng)一，盡量減少閱讀中的專業(yè)知識障礙?！　⑴c本書編寫的有廣東機(jī)電職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院馮寧，廣東交通職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院宋春華，武漢鐵路職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院蘇雪。其中Part I、PartⅡ、PartⅢ、PartⅣ由馮寧編寫，PartV由宋春華編寫，PartⅥ由蘇雪編寫?！　”緯神T寧擔(dān)任主編。在編寫、整理和定稿過程中，得到了許多同行的指點(diǎn)，特別是得到了華中科技大學(xué)出版社楊鷗副編審的支持和幫助，在此表示衷心的感謝！本書參考了大量的國內(nèi)外文獻(xiàn)，對提供文獻(xiàn)的作者，我們表示最誠摯的謝意！　　由于作者水平有限，本書錯誤和不當(dāng)之處在所難免，敬請讀者批評指正！

內(nèi)容概要

本書是一本實(shí)用的機(jī)電專業(yè)英語教程，內(nèi)容涵蓋了機(jī)電專業(yè)基礎(chǔ)理論和應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域的相關(guān)知識，既考慮到機(jī)電專業(yè)的基本體系結(jié)構(gòu)，又體現(xiàn)了機(jī)電領(lǐng)域的部分最新技術(shù)及發(fā)展方向。全書共分為6個部分，包括機(jī)械基礎(chǔ)、機(jī)構(gòu)知識、電學(xué)知識、自動化技術(shù)、數(shù)控和計(jì)算機(jī)數(shù)控等內(nèi)容。每個部分還配有相關(guān)的閱讀材料。    本書旨在提高學(xué)生的專業(yè)英語閱讀能力，掌握機(jī)電專業(yè)常用的英語詞匯，以及了解機(jī)電領(lǐng)域的最新技術(shù)應(yīng)用。本書不但可用作高職高專機(jī)電類專業(yè)英語的教學(xué)用書，還可作為相關(guān)工程技術(shù)人員的參考用書。

書籍目錄

Part I  Fundamentals of Machinery  Unit 1  Engineering Drawing  Unit 2  Tolerances and Surface Roughness  Unit 3  Mechanical Properties of Metals  Unit 4  Hydraulic System  Reading Materials I  1.Heat Treatment of Steel  2.Classification of.Steels  3.Pressure-Control Valves and Flow-Control Valves  4.Benefits of a Quality SystemPart II  The Knowledge of Mechanisms  Unit 5  Mechanisms  Unit 6  Mechanical Components  Unit 7  Engine Lathe  Reading Materials II  5.Types of Gear  6.Ball and Roller Bearings  7.Milling MachinesPart III  The Knowledge of Electric Circuits  Unit 8  Circuit Elements and Parameters  Unit 9  Alternating Current  Unit 10  Types of the DC Motor  Reading Materials m  8.Three-phase Circuits  9.Integrated Circuit  10.Printed CircuitPart IV  Technique of Automation  Unit 11  Fundamental of Computer and Networks  Unit 12  Fundamentals of Single-chip Microcomputers  Unit 13  Control Devices and PLC  Unit 14  Sensors and Transmitters  Reading Materials IV  11.Fieldbus  12.Open-Loop and ClosedoLoop Control  13.Computer-controlPart V NC and CNC  Unit 15  Construction of CNC Machines  Unit 16  NC Programming    Unit 17  Safety and Maintenance of CNC Machine  Reading Materials  14.CAD/CAM                               15.Industrial Robots  16.FMS  17.CIMSPart VI  Writing and Grammar for Science and Technology in English  Unit 18 Writing    Unit 19  Grammar  附錄  詞匯表參考文獻(xiàn)

章節(jié)摘錄

　　Volume Controls　　Volume or flow control valves are used to regulate speed．The speed of an actuator depends on how much oil is pumped into it pet unit of time．It is possible to regulate flow with a variable displacement pump，but in many circuits it is more practical to use a fixed displacement pump and regulate flow with a volume control valve．　　There are three basic methods of applying volume control valves to control actuator speeds． They are meter-in，meter-out and bleed-off．　　1．Meter-in circuit　　In meter-in operation，the flow control valve is placed between the pump and actuator．In this way，it controls the amount of fluid going into the actuator．Pump delivery in excess of the metered amount is diverted to tank over the relief valve．　　With the flow control valve installed in the cylinder line，flow is controlled in one direction．A check valve must be included in the flow control or placed in parallel with it for return flow．If it is desired to control speed in both directions，the flow control can be installed in the pump outlet line prior to the directional valve．　　The meter-in method is highly accurate．It is used in applications where the load continually resists movement of the actuator，such as raising a vertical cylinder finder load or pushing a load at a controlled speed．　　2．Meter-out circuit　　Meter-out control is used where the load might tend to“run away”，11le flow control is located where it wiII restrict exhaust flow from the actuator．　　To regulate speed in both directions，the valve is installed in the tank line from the directional valve．More often control is needed in only one direction and it is placed in the line between the actuator and directional valve．　　3．Bleed-Off circuit　　In a bleed-off arrangement，the flow control is teed off the supply line from the pump and determines the actuator speed by metering a portion of the pump delivery to tank．The advantage is that the pump operates at the pressure required by the work，since excess fluid returns to tank through the flow control instead ofthrough the relief valve．　　Its disadvantage is some loss of accuracy because the measured flow is to tank rather than into the cylinder，making the latter subject to variations in the pump delivery due to changing work loads．　　Bleed-off circuits should not be used in applications where there is a possibility of the load running away．

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