老子的智慧

前言

One morning in 1905．or the 3Ith year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu ofQing Dynasty，tWO brothers set Out by boat from their hometown Boa-ah，amountain hamlet in Fujian Province on the southern coast of China，for theDort city of Xiamen，some sixty miles away．The boys were full of excitementand chatted especily the younger one．Yutang was ten years old，and today，hewas taking leave of his hometown and going with his brother to study in Xiamen·Thev were sons of Pastor Lin Zhicheng，who was born in the poor village ofWulisha．Pastor Lin was sending his sons tO free missionary schools in Xiamen．The Pastor was not a follower of convention，SO the boys did not wear queues．Yutang was a little guy，deeply tanned，with a prominent forehead'a pair of sparkling eyes，and a narrow chin．Six miles later,when the skiff camet0 Xiaoxi．the boys changed tO a five．sail junk，and sailed toward Zhangzhou on West River．There were paddy fields and farmhouses on either side ofthe river．a(chǎn)nd tall mountains stood behind them，clad in grey-purplish hues．Yutang thought it inexpressibly beautiful．After a day's journey，the junk was tied up against the bank under some bamboo trees．Yutang was told tO lie down，cover himself with a blanket and go tO sleep．But sleep was the last thing on the boy's mind．The boatman sitting at the iunk，s stern was sucking at his pipe，and between gulps of bitter tea，telling stories about the Empress Dowager Cixi，who ruled the court today，having put the Emperor Guangxu under house arrest for supporting the reformers at the palace．Another junk was tied up on the opposite bank，brightly lit by lanterns．A soft breeze wafted sounds of merrymaking and music from a lute across the water．

內(nèi)容概要

《老子的智慧》是林語堂向西方介紹道家乃至整個中國古代哲學(xué)思想的一部重要著作。全書闡釋了老子思想的獨(dú)特性、道家哲學(xué)與儒家哲學(xué)的不同、并強(qiáng)調(diào)要結(jié)合莊子研究老子。道家思想是中國文化的重要組成部分，而老子是道家的開山鼻祖，影響深遠(yuǎn)。老子具有異于常人的智慧，憑借一雙犀利之眼看穿了人世間的是是非非……

作者簡介

林語堂，1895年10月10日生于福建漳州，乳名和樂，名玉堂，后改語堂。22歲獲上海圣約翰大學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位，27歲獲美國哈佛大學(xué)比較文學(xué)碩士學(xué)位，29歲獲德國萊比錫大學(xué)語言學(xué)博士學(xué)位，同年回國，先后執(zhí)教于北京大學(xué)。北京師范大學(xué)，廈門大學(xué)和上海東吳大學(xué)，1936年后居住美國，此后主要用英文寫作，1966年定居臺灣，1967年受聘為香港中文大學(xué)研究教授。1975年榮任國際筆會副會長。1976年3月26日病逝于香港。葬于臺北陽明山故居。林語堂用英文創(chuàng)作和翻譯的一系列經(jīng)典作品影響深遠(yuǎn)，奠定了他在國際文壇上的重要地位。代表作有小說《京華煙云》、《啼笑皆非》，散文雜文《吾國與吾民》、《生活的藝術(shù)》、傳記《蘇東坡傳》、《武則天傳》，譯著《老子的智慧》、《浮生六記》等。

書籍目錄

FOREWORD
INTRODUCTION
PROLEGOMENA
BOOK OF TAO
(The chapter headings indicate the text of Laotse; section headings
indicate　selections from Chuangtse.)
Book One THE CHARACTER OF TAO
　1. ON THE ABSOLUTE TAO
　2. THE RISE OF RELATIVE OPPOSITES
　3. ACTION WITHOUT DEEDS
　4. THE CHARACTER OF TAO
　5. NATURE
　6. THE SPIRIT OF TIlE VALLEY
Book Two THE LESSONS OF TAO
　7. LIVING FOR OTHERS
　8. WATER
　9. THE DANGER OF OVERWEENING SUCCESS
　10. EMBRACING THE ONE
　11. THE UTILITY OF NOT-BEING
　12. THE SENSES
　13. PRAISE AND BLAME
Book Three THE IMITATION OF TAO
　14. PREHISTORIC ORIGINS
　15. THE WISE ONES OF OLD
　16. KNOWING THE ETERNAL LAW
　17. RULERS
　18. THE DECLINE OF TAO
　19. REALIZE THE SIMPLE SELF
　20. THE WORLD AND I
　21. MANIFESTATIONS OF TAO
　22. FUTILITY OF CONTENTION
　23. IDENTIFICATION WITH TAO
　24. THE DREGS AND TUMORS OF VIRTUE
　25. THE FOUR ETERNAL MODELS
……

章節(jié)摘錄

As sociates with men．Because he has not human passions the questions of rightand wrong do not touch him．Infinitesimal indeed is that which belongs to thehuman；infinitely great is that which is completed in God．(2：3)22．3．TWO USELESS TREES．A certain carpenter Shih was traveUing to the Ch'iState．On reaching Shady Circle，he saw a sacred li tree in the temple to the Godof Earth．It was so large that its shade could cover a herd of several thousandcattle．It was a hundred spans in girth，towering up eighty feet over the hilltop，before it branched out．A dozen boats could be cut Out of it．Crowds stoodgazing at it，but the carpenter took no notice，and went on his way withouteven casting a look behind．His apprentice，however,took a good look at it，and when he caught up with his master,said，“Ever since I have handled anadze in your service，I have never seen such a splendid piece of timber．Howwasitthatyou，Master,didnot careto stopandlook atit?”  “Forget about it．It’S not worth talking about．”replied his master．“It’Sgood for nothing．Made into a boat，it would sink；into a coffm，it would rot；into furniture，it would break eas@；into a door,it would sweat；into a pillar,itwould be worm-eaten．It is wood of no quality and of no use．That is why it hasattained its present age．”  When the carpenter reached home，he dreamt that the spirit of the treeappeared to him in his sleep and spoke to him as follows：“What is it youintend to compare me with?Is it with fine-grained wood?Look at the cherryapple，the pear,the orange，the pumelo，and other fruit bearers．As soon astheir fruit ripens they are stripped and treated with indignity．The great boughsare snapped off,the small ones scattered abroad．Thus do these trees by theirown value injure their own lives．They cannot fulfil their allotted span of years．but perish prematurely because they destroy themselves for the(admiration of)the world．Thus it is with all things．Moreover,I tried for a long period to be useless．Many times 1 was in danger ofbeing Cut down，but at length I have succeeded，and So have become exceedingly useful to myself．Had I indeed been of use，I should not be able to grow to this height．

媒體關(guān)注與評論

讀林先生的書使人得到很大啟發(fā)。我非常感激他，因?yàn)樗臅刮掖箝_眼界。只有一位優(yōu)秀的中國人才能這樣坦誠、信實(shí)而又毫不偏頗地論述他的同胞。——《紐約時報》星期日書評

編輯推薦

《老子的智慧》作者林語堂用美妙的英文向世界介紹中國人和中國歷史文化，但是，囿于所處時代、社會環(huán)境和個人經(jīng)歷，他的思想認(rèn)識不免帶有歷史的局限。20世紀(jì)30年代至50年代正是中國國內(nèi)動蕩變遷、破舊立新的時期，特定的創(chuàng)作背景無疑也給他的作品留下印痕。顯而易見地，比如當(dāng)時對朝代稱謂與歷史紀(jì)元的劃定不統(tǒng)一（如稱清朝為ManchuDynasty）；且時無漢語拼音方案，專有名詞均使用威妥瑪拼音音譯等。此外，也能發(fā)現(xiàn)作者在解讀文化歷史和社會生活現(xiàn)象時的不足，如反映在民族關(guān)系的表述上，稱少數(shù)民族為foreignblood、foreignrace，乃至以Chinese特指HanChinese等。諸如此類，為不妨礙我們對文學(xué)和語言的鑒賞，在我們最大程度地保留作品原貌的同時，敬期讀者明辨。

名人推薦

雖然他講的是數(shù)十年前中國的精彩，但他的話，即使在今天，對我們每一個美國人都很受用。——美國總統(tǒng)布什

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