土木工程專業(yè)英語

前言

　　本教材是專門為高等院校土木工程專業(yè)建筑工程方向?qū)W生學(xué)習(xí)專業(yè)英語而編寫的，提供了集聽、寫、讀于一體的綜合訓(xùn)練模式，以全面提高土木工程專業(yè)學(xué)生專業(yè)英語的閱讀、寫作能力和聽力水平?！　”窘滩拈喿x和寫作部分共分10章，共36篇，涵蓋了結(jié)構(gòu)力學(xué)、土木工程材料、結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)基本概念、鋼筋混凝土基本構(gòu)件、鋼結(jié)構(gòu)、多層及高層建筑結(jié)構(gòu)抗震設(shè)計(jì)、砌體結(jié)構(gòu)、組合結(jié)構(gòu)、地基與基礎(chǔ)、建筑施工組織與管理10個(gè)方面的基本概念和原理。每一課包括文章閱讀、生詞與詞組注解及科技寫作指南。寫作部分分類講解了土木工程期刊論文標(biāo)題、摘要、前言、方法、結(jié)果和討論部分的寫法；提供了描述圖表、尺寸、材料性質(zhì)、比較、定義、分類、范圍的典型例句，供學(xué)生仿寫；總結(jié)了學(xué)生進(jìn)行土木工程論文寫作常犯的語法錯(cuò)誤；最后歸納了描述結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)所常用的句子，供學(xué)生寫畢業(yè)論文時(shí)參考。　　本教材聽力部分（附光盤）以結(jié)構(gòu)抗震為主題，包含20篇短文，介紹了結(jié)構(gòu)抗震的基本概念。每篇短文均模擬英語課堂，學(xué)生可以邊看邊聽，在學(xué)到專業(yè)知識的同時(shí)提高專業(yè)英語聽力水平，為參加國際間學(xué)術(shù)交流等奠定良好的基礎(chǔ)?！　”緯牡?章到第9章及聽力部分覆蓋了大學(xué)本科建筑結(jié)構(gòu)專業(yè)課的全部知識要點(diǎn)，以《建筑結(jié)構(gòu)荷載規(guī)范》（GB 5009-2001）、《混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》（GB 50010-2002）、《建筑結(jié)構(gòu)抗震設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》（GB 50011-2001）、《砌體結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》（GB 50003-2001）、《鋼結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》（GB 50017-2003）和《建筑地基基礎(chǔ)設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》（GB 50007-2002）為編寫依據(jù)，力求講解系統(tǒng)、概念清晰、條理明確。本書既可以作為建筑學(xué)工程管理專業(yè)學(xué)習(xí)建筑結(jié)構(gòu)課程的雙語教材，也可作為廣大從事建筑工程專業(yè)、工程管理專業(yè)工程技術(shù)人員撰寫英語論文的有益參考書。

內(nèi)容概要

本教材是專門為高等學(xué)校土木工程專業(yè)建筑工程方向?qū)W生學(xué)習(xí)專業(yè)英語而編寫的，本書通過集聽、寫、讀于一體的綜合訓(xùn)練模式，提高學(xué)生的專業(yè)英語水平。本書包括36篇文章的閱讀、寫作練習(xí)和隨書光盤的20篇短文的聽力練習(xí)共三大部分。內(nèi)容涵蓋了結(jié)構(gòu)力學(xué)、土木工程材料、結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、鋼筋混凝土基本結(jié)構(gòu)、鋼結(jié)構(gòu)、多層及高層建筑結(jié)構(gòu)抗震設(shè)計(jì)、砌體結(jié)構(gòu)、組合結(jié)構(gòu)、地基與基礎(chǔ)、建筑施工組織與管理等方面英語文章閱讀、詞匯學(xué)習(xí)和科技論文寫作指南。    本書適用于土木工程專業(yè)的本科生和研究生學(xué)習(xí)專業(yè)英語，也可作為土木工程領(lǐng)域的工程技術(shù)人員學(xué)習(xí)參考書。

書籍目錄

PrefaceChapter 1 Structural Mechanics  1.1 Classification and Behavior of Structural Systems and Elements    1.2 Determinate and Indeterminate Structures  1.3 Structural Dynamics  Chapter 2 Structural Material  2.1 Materials for Concrete and Mix Proportions    2.2 Properties of Concrete  2.3 Steel Materials  2.4 Structural Steel ShapesChapter 3 Structural Design Concepts    3.1 Load Conditions and Load Paths  3.2 Limit State DesignChapter 4 Concrete Structure  4.1 Flexural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Bcam  4.2 Shear and Diagonal Tension in Reinforced Concrete Beam    4.3 Bond，Anchorage，and Development Length  4.4 Reinforced Concrete Column  4.5 Serviceability  4.6 Slab  4.7 Fundamentals of PrestressingChapter 5 Steel Structure  5.1 Steel Connections  5.2 Axially Loaded Steel Members    5.3 Steel BearnsChapter 6 Seismic Resistance of Structures  6.1 Earthquake-Induced Vibration of Structures  6.2 Structural Analysis Methods for Seismic Actions  6.3 Earthquake Resistant Structural Systems  6.4 Analysis of Rigid Reinforced Concrete Frame Structures    6.5 Ductile Design of Concrete Frame Structures  Chapter 7 Masonry Structure    7.1 Masonry Properties  7.2 Masonry Construction System  7.3  Structural Performance of Confined Masonry Buildings  7.4 Masonry Structural DesignChapter 8 Composite Structure  8.1 Steel and Composite Structures  8.2 Concrete-filled Steel Tubular StructureChapter 9 Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering  9.1 Lateral Earth Pressure  9.2 FootingsChapter 10 Construction Management  10.1  The Procurement and Implementation of Structural Steel for Buildings  10.2  Instructions to Bidders  References

章節(jié)摘錄

　　2. Structural Stability　　A fundamental consideration in designing a structure is that of assuring its stability under any type of possible loading condition. All structures undergo some shape changes under load. In a stable structure the deformations induced by the load are typically small, and internal forces are generated in the structure by the action of the load tend to restore the structure to its original shape after the load has been removed. In an unstable structure, the deformations induced by a load are typically massive and often tend to continue increasing as long as the load is applied. An unstable structure does not generate internal forces that tend to restore the structure to its original configuration. Unstable structures quite often collapse completely and instantaneously as a load is applied to them. It is the fundamental responsibility of the structural designer to assure that a proposed structure does indeed form a stable configuration.　　Stability is a crucial issue in the design of structures that are assemblies of discrete elements. For example, the post-and-beam structure illustrated in Figure 1. 2a is apparently stable.　Any horizontal force, however, tends to cause deformations of the type indicated in Figure 1.2b. Clearly, the structure has no capacity to resist horizontal load, nor does it have any mechanism that tends to restore it to its initial shape after the horizontal load is removed. The large changes in angle that occur between members characterize an unstable structure that is beginning to collapse.　This particular structure will collapse almost instantaneously under load. Consequently, this particular pattern of members is referred to as a collapse mechanism.

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