醫(yī)學(xué)機能實驗學(xué)

前言

為使醫(yī)學(xué)教育逐漸同世界接軌，雙語教學(xué)在我們國家已經(jīng)倡導(dǎo)和推行多年，但至今仍然缺乏令人滿意的醫(yī)學(xué)機能實驗學(xué)教科書。英文原版教材價格較高，且與中國目前的教學(xué)內(nèi)容不甚吻合。基于對英語雙語醫(yī)學(xué)機能實驗學(xué)教材的廣泛需求，科學(xué)出版社組織我校教師出版了本書。由于缺乏經(jīng)驗和英語水平所限，雖是改編，實屬不易。各位編委在擔(dān)任繁重的醫(yī)學(xué)教研工作的同時，夜以繼日、辛勤勞作，在較短時間內(nèi)完成了初稿和互審。本書編委們在溝通信息和編寫過程中做了大量卓有成效的工作。在最后定稿期間，我們又邀請了知名專家對全書的英語修辭和語法提出了建議和修改，在此表示衷心地感謝。本書在章節(jié)內(nèi)容銜接上，尤其是英語語言表達上，疏漏和錯誤之處在所難免。懇請同道和學(xué)生在實際使用過程中，不斷提出意見，以期再版時進一步完善。

內(nèi)容概要

　　《醫(yī)學(xué)機能實驗學(xué)（英文版）》為機能學(xué)實驗的英文教材，全書共分為五章，主要包括生理學(xué)、病理生理學(xué)、藥理學(xué)實驗中常見的、經(jīng)典的實驗內(nèi)容，另外還涉及了相關(guān)的實驗儀器、動物實驗的基本操作技術(shù)等，內(nèi)容較為詳盡，圖文并茂，通俗易懂?！　”窘滩目勺鳛閲鴥?nèi)醫(yī)學(xué)院校留學(xué)生機能學(xué)實驗教學(xué)的教材，也可作為國內(nèi)醫(yī)藥院校、綜合性大學(xué)等相關(guān)專業(yè)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)機能學(xué)實驗的英文教材及教師和相關(guān)人員的教學(xué)參考書。

書籍目錄

Introduction: Medical Functional ExperimentsSection 1: Common Apparatus Used in Functional ExperimentsI. BL-420 Biological Data Acquisition and Analysis SystemII. 721 Type SpectrophotometerIII. LD4-2 Type Low Speed Centrifuge Section 2: Basic Techniques of Operation in Animal ExperimentsI. Commonly Used Surgical Instruments and Their UsagesII. Species and Selection of Experimental AnimalsIII. Experimental Animal Handling MethodsIV. Experimental Animal NumberingV. Anesthesia of Experimental AnimalsVI. Fixation of Experimental AnimalVII. The Ways to Execute the Experimental AnimalsVS. Surgical Operation Methods Most in Use in Animal ExperimentsIX. Physiological Parameters of Some Experimental AnimalsX. Compositions and Uses of Several Kinds of Physiological SalineSection 3 : Physiology ExperimentsExperiment 1 Recording of the Electrical Signal of Toad's Sciatic NerveI. Preparation of the Sciatic Nerve——Gastrocnemius Muscle SampleII. Generation of the Action Potential of Nexve TrunkIII. Conduction Velocity Determination of the Action Potential in the Sciatic NerveIV. Refractory Period Determination of the Action Potential in the Sciatic NerveExperiment 2 Muscle Contraction Experiments with Toad's Sciatic Nerve-gastrocnemiusMuscle SampleI. Influences of Different Stimulus Intensity on the Muscle ContractionII. Influences of Different Stimulation Frequencies on the Muscle ContractionExperiment 3 Premature Contraction and Compensatory Pause of Toad'sCardiac MuscleExperiment 4 Effects of Chemical Substances on the Activity of the Isolated Toad HeartExperiment 5 The Human Body ExperimentsI. Measurement of the Arterial Blood Pressure of the Human BodyII. ABO Blood Group System and its IdentificationIII. Human ECG RecordingsExperiment 6 Digestion Experiment of RabbitExperiment 7 Respiration Experiment of RabbitExperiment 8 Regulation of Artery Blood PressureExperiment 9 Factors Influencing Urine FormationExperiment l0 Experiment of Center Nervous SystemI. Analysis of the Reflex Arc ~II. Observation of Decerebellar AnimalsIII. Semi-Crosscut and Complete-Crosscut of the Mouse's Spinal CordSection 4: Pathophysiology ExperimentsExperiment 1 HypoxiaI. The Analysis of Cause and Condition in DiseaseII. Several Types of HypoxiaExperiment 2 The Effect of the Alternation of Plasma Osmotic Pressure and CapillaryPermeability on the EdemaExperiment 3 Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)Experiment 4 Hemorrhagic Shock in RabbitExperiment 5 Experimental Acute Right Heart FailureExperiment 6 Experimental Pulmonary EdemaExperiment 7 The Effects of Ammonia on the Patbogenesis of Rabbit HepaticEncephalopathyExperiment 8 Acute Renal FailureSection 5: Pharmacology ExperimentsExperiment 1 Effects of Phenobarbital Sodium and Cblorampheniccol on HypnosisInduced by PentobarbitalExperiment 2 Organophosphates Intoxication and DetoxificationExperiment 3 Anticonvulsive Effects of Phenobarbital on Convulsion Inducedby NikethamideExperiment 4 Observation of Analgesic Effects of Dolantin by Abdominal Stretching(Abdominal) MethodExperiment 5 Effects of Autonomic Drugs on the Isolated Rabbit IleumExperiment 6 The Diuretic Effect of Furosemide on Rabbits

章節(jié)摘錄

插圖：Inbred strains can only be aquired after breeding for 20 generations continuously if starts from hybrids. After 20 generations, individual variance is very small as their genes have been purified. Inbreeding coefficient （F） is often used to represent swain purity. First generation of sibling inbreeding can reduce heterozygosis by 19%, which means homozygosis is increased by 19%. Inbreeding coefficient could reach 98.6% in theory within 20 generations However, more methods to examine the genetic homozygosis are needed to determine strain purity in addition to inbreeding coefficient. Inbred strains are used to be called 'pure strains'. There have been 250 inbred strains for albino mice till 1980. Development of inbred strains for experimental animals like albino rats and albino mice have greatly promoted biological and medical experimental research, especially tumor research.（2） Mutant strains: Mutant strains can be established by mutation of individual gene, introduction of certain gene or multiple backcross to keep the genetic features. These individuals have same genetic defect or pathosis, such as dwarf, atrichia, obesity, amyotrophy, caligo lentis and retina degeneration.Currently avaible mutant strains with certain diseases are listed: anaemia mouse, tumor mouse, leukaemia mouse, diabetic mouse, hypertension mouse and athymic mouse, etc.（3） F1 hybrid: The first generation offsprings of two inbred strains is called F1 hybrid. It has both the features of inbred strains and the hybrid ascendancy. F1 hybrid has merits like vigorous vitality, high reproductive rate, fast growth, strong body constitution and disease resistance. It has same experimental effects as inbred animals. F1 hybrid is also call systemic hybrid animals.（4） Closed population: It is the population relatively maintaining the same blood relationship developed by random breeding within one strain for more than 5 years.In our country, closed populations of New Zealand albino rabbit and cyanochroia blue rabbit have been bred in a great quantity and can be used in teaching and research experiments.（5） Impure strain: It is the hybrid annimals by random breeding. Hybrid animals have vigorous vitality, strong adaptability, high reproductive rate, grow fast and are easy to be taken care of. Reproducibility of experimental results with these animals is not good due to big individual variances and irregular responses. Impure strains are suitable for screening experiments as there are the most sensitive and insensitive individuals at the two extreme ends. They are als0 economic and most often used in teaching experiments.2. Classification according to biological features（1） Abiotic animals （germfree animals）: Abiotic animals are the experimental animals free of microorganisms and parasites in any parts on the body surface or in corpore （including the skin, fur, digestive system, respiratory system, urinary system, genital system, hematological system, circulation system and the brain）. These animals are taken out by uterine-incision delivery and bred under aseptic conditions at constant temperature and humidity with aseptic food and drinking water.

編輯推薦

《醫(yī)學(xué)機能實驗學(xué)(英文版)》：中國科學(xué)院教材建設(shè)專家委員會規(guī)劃教材,全國高等醫(yī)藥院校規(guī)劃教材。

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