出版時(shí)間:2011-3 出版社:袁昊 中國(guó)出版集團(tuán),中國(guó)對(duì)外翻譯出版公司 (2011-03出版) 作者:袁昊 頁數(shù):394
Tag標(biāo)簽:無
前言
謹(jǐn)以此書獻(xiàn)給那謹(jǐn)以此書獻(xiàn)給那些為了理想奮斗不息的可敬的人們滿堂花醉三千客 一劍霜寒十四州—— 所謂減法閱讀倉(cāng)頡造字,天雨粟,鬼夜哭。文字的誕生,使得人類的智慧、學(xué)識(shí)、經(jīng)驗(yàn)、思考可以超出個(gè)體生命的維度,代有遞增,從遠(yuǎn)古蠻荒,漸入璀璨輝煌。作為個(gè)體生命,人在生物層面何其脆弱:我們無爪牙之利,無鱗甲之堅(jiān),無羽翼之自由;我們甚至不可一日無水,不可數(shù)日無糧;氣力不能撼樹,日行不過數(shù)里。然而江山代代,過客熙熙,文字從誕生之日就載負(fù)著過往世代的文化傳承,匯聚著個(gè)體生命的思考和感悟,最終在精神的層面使得人豐富,完整,進(jìn)而生長(zhǎng),進(jìn)而強(qiáng)大。涓滴孱弱的個(gè)體生命,只有在文字的粘合下,才匯成滔天巨流,勢(shì)不可擋。終于,有一天,曾經(jīng)匍匐跪拜的人們用書本焚毀了神廟,又用科學(xué)驅(qū)趕得諸神無處躲藏。人類,作為整體,創(chuàng)造了文字;反過來作為社會(huì)個(gè)體的一份子,我們又被母體文明的語言文字包圍、浸潤(rùn)和成就。所以,面對(duì)文字,我們必須滿懷尊敬??佳虚喿x,本質(zhì)上就是一群文字使用者(考生)對(duì)另一群文字使用者(命題者)思維的梳理和解讀。文字背后隱藏的,是雙方智力層面的對(duì)話和交流。所以,閱讀的最重要工具并不是眼睛,是大腦。眼睛只是一個(gè)低級(jí)的感覺器官,只能夠被動(dòng)的識(shí)別信息,卻不能夠了解每個(gè)信息存在的目的,也不能夠指出信息背后的組織、框架。大腦,卻可以指導(dǎo)我們,依靠分析和判斷進(jìn)行閱讀。我們?cè)陂喿x時(shí),必須是主動(dòng)地、分析性地揀選信息,分辨判斷每個(gè)信息意義的強(qiáng)弱和主次關(guān)系。我們經(jīng)??吹接羞@樣的情形,有的考生在閱讀中碰到一個(gè)句子不能完全理解,就會(huì)本能的驚慌,然后立刻把前一個(gè)句子看上一遍。然后又沒怎么看明白,于是再把后面一個(gè)句子看一遍,然后又沒怎么看明白。這時(shí)候,這位考生幾乎立刻會(huì)產(chǎn)生出一種本能的,不可遏制的沖動(dòng),要把整個(gè)段落再看上一遍。這是典型的加法性的閱讀:一個(gè)句子看不懂,就看兩個(gè);兩個(gè)句子看不懂,就看三個(gè)……。這種閱讀方法的荒謬性就類似于有人在跑一千米,跑著跑著跑不動(dòng)了,我告訴他說,你背個(gè)包再跑,跑了兩步又跑不動(dòng)了,我說你再背個(gè)包……。只要多背幾個(gè)包,這人就哪里也去不了了。不是嗎?只有幾個(gè)月的復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)間,怎么提高分?jǐn)?shù)?作為英語學(xué)習(xí)者,我們都知道:幾個(gè)月內(nèi)本質(zhì)的提高閱讀水平是一件很困難的事情。準(zhǔn)備考研的同學(xué),基本都有著長(zhǎng)達(dá)十年的英語學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷?;仡^看看,一路走來,山遙路遠(yuǎn),又何嘗有過幾十天內(nèi)大幅提高閱讀水平的事情發(fā)生?當(dāng)我們無法短期內(nèi)提高閱讀水平,又必須大幅提高分?jǐn)?shù)時(shí),應(yīng)該千方百計(jì)的減低題目的難度!這也就是減法閱讀的精髓所在:憑借對(duì)于考研文章脈絡(luò)、套路、命題特點(diǎn)的透析,大大減低閱讀題目本身的難度。每篇考研文章,不算題目的字?jǐn)?shù)約有400多字,但是后面只有五道小題。哪怕這五道小題全部是細(xì)節(jié)題,也只有區(qū)區(qū)五處細(xì)節(jié)能被考查到。這意味著:一篇400多字的考研文章中絕大多數(shù)的內(nèi)容是根本考查不到的。因此,逐字逐句仔細(xì)的閱讀導(dǎo)致的一個(gè)直接后果就是大部分努力的結(jié)果是白白浪費(fèi)的。分清主次,提煉考點(diǎn),梳理脈絡(luò),遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)比著急忙慌的多看兩句話有意義得多。減法閱讀Less is more請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀下面這篇文章,并在三分鐘之內(nèi)把題目做出。 (2003年 Text 1) Wild Bill Donovan would have loved the Internet. The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in World War II and later laid the roots for the CIA was fascinated with information. Donovan believed in using whatever tools came to hand in the “great game” of espionage—spying as a “profession.” These days the Net, which has already re-made such everyday pastimes as buying books and sending mail, is reshaping Donovan’s vocation as well. The last revolution isn’t simply a matter of gentlemen reading other gentlemen’s e-mail. That kind of electronic spying has been going on for decades. In the past three or four years, the World Wide Web has given birth to a whole industry of point-and-click spying. The spooks call it “open-source intelligence,” and as the Net grows, it is becoming increasingly influential. In 1995 the CIA held a contest to see who could compile the most data about Burundi. The winner, by a large margin, was a tiny Virginia company called Open Source Solutions, whose clear advantage was its mastery of the electronic world. Among the firms making the biggest splash in the new world is Straitford, Inc., a private intelligence-analysis firm based in Austin, Texas. Straitford makes money by selling the results of spying (covering nations from Chile to Russia) to corporations like energy-services firm McDermott International. Many of its predictions are available online at www.straitford.com. Straitford president George Friedman says he sees the online world as a kind of mutually reinforcing tool for both information collection and distribution, a spymaster’s dream. Last week his firm was busy vacuuming up data bits from the far corners of the world and predicting a crisis in Ukraine. “As soon as that report runs, we’ll suddenly get 500 new internet sign-ups from Ukraine,” says Friedman, a former political science professor. “And we’ll hear back from some of them.” Open-source spying does have its risks, of course, since it can be difficult to tell good information from bad. That’s where Straitford earns its keep. Friedman relies on a lean staff of 20 in Austin. Several of his staff members have military-intelligence backgrounds. He sees the firm’s outsider status as the key to its success. Straitford’s briefs don’t sound like the usual Washington back-and-forthing, whereby agencies avoid dramatic declarations on the chance they might be wrong. Straitford, says Friedman, takes pride in its independent voice.1. The emergence of the Net has ________. [A] received support from fans like Donovan [B] remolded the intelligence services [C] restored many common pastimes [D] revived spying as a profession諸位在快速看完全文后,是不是頭昏眼花,滿腦子都是數(shù)字和專有名詞吧?是不是甚至在看到題干中的“Net”后,一時(shí)間也反應(yīng)不過來到哪里去定位相關(guān)信息?非常正常!因?yàn)樯衔牟⒉皇且黄S⑽奈恼拢墙?jīng)過考研命題組精心改寫,并有意填充大量無關(guān)信息,專為考研制定的測(cè)試文章。文中的各種數(shù)字和人名、地名、機(jī)構(gòu)名稱等共出現(xiàn)了近30 處。有意填充大量干擾信息的目的就是為了考查諸位是否能在閱讀的整個(gè)過程始終保持頭腦清醒,是否能夠排除干擾,始終牢牢把握住文章的主線!現(xiàn)在,我們把這篇文章再看一遍,并在30秒內(nèi)做出題目。Wild Bill Donovan would have loved the Internet. The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in World War II and later laid the roots for the CIA was fascinated with information. Donovan believed in using whatever tools came to hand in the “great game” of espionage—spying as a “profession.” These days the Net, which has already re-made such everyday pastimes as buying books and sending mail, is reshaping Donovan’s vocation as well.The last revolution isn’t simply a matter of gentlemen reading other gentlemen’s e-mail. That kind of electronic spying has been going on for decades. In the past three or our years, the World Wide Web has given birth to a whole industry of point-and-click spying. The spooks call it “open-source intelligence,” and as the Net grows, it is becoming increasingly influential. In 1995 the CIA held a contest to see who could compile the most data about Burundi. The winner, by a large margin, was a tiny Virginia company called Open Source Solutions, whose clear advantage was its mastery of the electronic world.Among the firms making the biggest splash in the new world is Straitford, Inc., a private intelligence-analysis firm based in Austin, Texas. Straitford makes money by selling the results of spying (covering nations from Chile to Russia) to corporations like energy-services firm McDermott International. Many of its predictions are available online at www.straitford.com.Straitford president George Friedman says he sees the online world as a kind of mutually reinforcing tool for both information collection and distribution, a spymaster’s dream. Last week his firm was busy vacuuming up data bits from the far corners of the world and predicting a crisis in Ukraine. “As soon as that report runs, we’ll suddenly get 500 new internet sign-ups from Ukraine,” says Friedman, a former political science professor. “And we’ll hear back from some of them.” Open-source spying does have its risks, of course, since it can be difficult to tell good information from bad. That’s where Straitford earns its keep. Friedman relies on a lean staff of 20 in Austin. Several of his staff members have military-intelligence backgrounds. He sees the firm’s outsider status as the key to its success. Straitford’s briefs don’t sound like the usual Washington back-and-forthing, whereby agencies avoid dramatic declarations on the chance they might be wrong. Straitford, says Friedman, takes pride in its independent voice. 1. The emergence of the Net has ________. [A] received support from fans like Donovan [B] remolded the intelligence services [C] restored many common pastimes [D] revived spying as a profession 現(xiàn)在,諸位一定覺得用三分鐘時(shí)間去做這么一道題突然變成了一件非常不可思議的事情!如果有人花了五六分鐘,而且還做錯(cuò)的話,這人簡(jiǎn)直該買塊豆腐撞死了!真實(shí)的情況是,當(dāng)年參加考研的同學(xué)中有近七成做錯(cuò)了這道題。為什么一篇文章的絕大部分內(nèi)容缺失后,做題反而變得簡(jiǎn)單了呢?這是因?yàn)槲恼轮谐霈F(xiàn)的絕大部分細(xì)節(jié)都是干擾性的、阻礙性的,并不能用來幫助解題。減法閱讀的本質(zhì):繞開紛繁復(fù)雜的文字表象,直入主題,直見人心。減法閱讀,閱讀的對(duì)象不是文字,而是命題者的思維!所以能夠以少勝多,以巧搏大。其實(shí),任何考研閱讀文章,能夠理解30%左右的文字內(nèi)容,就足以解決每一道題目!袁昊2011年早春 花開時(shí)節(jié)些為了理想奮斗不息的可敬的人們
內(nèi)容概要
首先,2011年最新考題速遞,即2011年考研英語閱讀真題,用于考生自測(cè)個(gè)人水平。講解視頻登錄新航道圖書官網(wǎng)book.newchannel.org即可查看?! 〉谝徽拢衡叶〗馀!T敿?xì)講解如何抓住文章脈絡(luò)和可能的出題點(diǎn),從而做到"減法閱讀"?! 〉诙拢号5缎≡?。簡(jiǎn)要講解,側(cè)重引導(dǎo)考生利用第一章的方法自己進(jìn)行"減法閱讀"?! 〉谌拢河稳杏杏???佳杏⒄Z閱讀真題,考生自行演練"減法閱讀"成效?! 〉谒恼拢夯砣婚_朗。本書所收錄15年考研英語閱讀真題翻譯,供考生參考學(xué)習(xí)。
作者簡(jiǎn)介
袁昊,美國(guó)佛羅里達(dá)國(guó)際大學(xué)社會(huì)學(xué)碩士。1997年考入天津大學(xué)法學(xué)系,以優(yōu)異的成績(jī)獲得法學(xué)和科技英語雙學(xué)士學(xué)位。2001年以GRE近乎滿分的成績(jī),獲得中國(guó)留學(xué)生很難得到的美國(guó)政府全額文科獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金,赴美攻讀社會(huì)學(xué)碩士。2003年回國(guó)后,經(jīng)過45天的準(zhǔn)備,以突出的成績(jī)通過全國(guó)司法統(tǒng)一考試,取得律師資格?,F(xiàn)為中華人民共和國(guó)注冊(cè)執(zhí)業(yè)律師。近年來,一直活躍在英語培訓(xùn)教學(xué)的最前沿。地道流利的中英文雙語授課風(fēng)格深得廣大學(xué)生的喜愛。2004年至今,出版了多部英語專著,包括中國(guó)大陸地區(qū)第一部新托福真題解析——《新托??谡Z真經(jīng)》、《新托福寫作真經(jīng)》及《游學(xué)在美國(guó)》、《生活在美國(guó)》等等。
書籍目錄
2011年最新考題速遞2011年最新考題速遞參考答案第一章 皰丁解牛第一節(jié) 分類精解社會(huì)生活類如何使用幽默臨終關(guān)懷仍存爭(zhēng)論科普類機(jī)器人科技的發(fā)展商業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)類油價(jià)上漲影響全球經(jīng)濟(jì)其他科學(xué)發(fā)展的專業(yè)化和職業(yè)化第二節(jié) 近年真題精解2010年Text 22010年Text 32010正Text 42010正Part B2009年Text 12009年Text 22009年Text 32009年Text2008年Text 12008年Text 22008年Text 32008年Text 42006年Text 12006年Text 22006年Text 32006年Text 42005年Text 12005年Text 22005年Text 32005年Text 42004年Text 12004年Text 22004年Text 32004年Text 4第二章 牛刀小試社會(huì)生活類2003年Text 12003年Text 22001年P(guān)assage 22001年P(guān)assage 52000年P(guān)assage 22000年P(guān)assage 42000年P(guān)assage 51999年P(guān)assage 11999年P(guān)assage 41998年P(guān)assage 41997年P(guān)assage 11997年P(guān)assage 3科普類1999年P(guān)assage 51998年P(guān)assage 11998年P(guān)assage 31998年P(guān)assage 5商業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)類2003年Text 32001年P(guān)assage 42000年P(guān)assage 11999年P(guān)assage 21998年P(guān)assage 21997年P(guān)assage 5其他2001年P(guān)assage 3 2000年P(guān)assage 31999年P(guān)assage 31997定Passage21997矩Passage4第三章 游刃有余2010年Text 12007年Text 12007年Text 22007年Text 32007年Text 42003年Text 4參考答案第四章 豁然開朗2011年Text 12011年Text 22011年Text 32011年Text 42010年Text 12010年Text 22010年Text 32010年Text 42009年Text 12009年Text 22009年Text 32009年Text 42008年Text 12008年Text 22008年Text 32008年Text 42007年Text 12007年Text 22007年Text 32007年Text 42006年Text 12006年Text 22006年Text 32006年Text 42005年Text 12005年Text 22005年Text 32005年Text 42004年Text 12004年Text 22004年Text 32004年Text 42003年Text 12003年Text 22003年Text 32003年Text 42002年Text 12002年Text 22002年Text 32002年Text 42001年P(guān)assage 12001年P(guān)assage 22001年P(guān)assage 32001年P(guān)assage 42001年P(guān)assage 52000年P(guān)assage l2000年P(guān)assage 22000年P(guān)assage 32000年P(guān)assage 42000年P(guān)assage 51999年P(guān)assage l1999年P(guān)assage 21999年P(guān)assage 31999年P(guān)assage 41999年P(guān)assage 51998年P(guān)assage 11998年P(guān)assage 21998年P(guān)assage 31998年P(guān)assage 41998年P(guān)assage 51997年P(guān)assage 11997年P(guān)assage 21997年P(guān)assage 31997年P(guān)assage 41997年P(guān)assage 5附錄
章節(jié)摘錄
版權(quán)頁:插圖:3. A comparison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research, but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper. Thus, in the nineteenth century, local geological studies represented worthwhile research in their own right; but, in the twentieth century, local studies have increasingly become acceptable to professionals only if they incorporate, and reflect on, the wider geological picture. Amateurs, on the other hand, have continued to pursue local studies in the old way. The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for amateurs, a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing, first by national journals in the nineteenth century and then by several local geological journals in the twentieth century. As a logical consequence of this development, separate journals have now appeared aimed mainly towards either professional or amateur readership. A rather similar process of differentiation has led to professional geologists coming together nationally within one or two specific societies, whereas the amateurs have tended either to remain in local societies or to come together nationally in a different way.
編輯推薦
《新航道?考研英語不讀勝讀》理念:以“減法閱讀”達(dá)到“不讀勝讀”。減法閱讀:緊抓文章脈絡(luò),密切關(guān)注出題點(diǎn),細(xì)枝末節(jié)一律忽略,此為“不讀”;以幾倍于傳統(tǒng)閱讀方式的速度掃讀完整篇文章,文章框架、出題點(diǎn)了然于胸,解答題目水到渠成,此為“勝讀”?!缎潞降?考研英語不讀勝讀》理論依據(jù):每篇考研文章,不算題目的字?jǐn)?shù)約有400多字,但是后面只有五道小題。哪怕這五道小題全部是細(xì)節(jié)題,也只有區(qū)區(qū)五處細(xì)節(jié)能被考查到。這意味著:一篇400多字的考研文章中絕大多數(shù)的內(nèi)容是根本考查不到的。因此,逐字逐句仔細(xì)的閱讀導(dǎo)致的一個(gè)直接后果就是大部分努力的結(jié)果是白白浪費(fèi)的。分清主次,提煉考點(diǎn),梳理脈絡(luò),遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)比著急忙慌地多看兩句話有意義得多?!缎潞降?考研英語不讀勝讀》優(yōu)勢(shì):1.方法獨(dú)特。傳統(tǒng)考研閱讀書籍側(cè)重于對(duì)文后題目的解析,然而每篇文章各有不同之處,這樣容易導(dǎo)致考生看懂了A文章的題目解析,卻無法運(yùn)用到B文章中。本書在“不讀”過程中,一方面教會(huì)考生如何有效掌握文章框架,另一方面教會(huì)考生如何把握文章中可能的出題點(diǎn),而對(duì)文后題目的解析,結(jié)合文章導(dǎo)讀中對(duì)出題點(diǎn)的歸納,教會(huì)考生從命題人的角度解答題目,從而達(dá)到了“勝讀”。2.語言詼諧。正所謂“嬉笑怒罵皆成文章”。作者行文,詼諧幽默,或插科打諢,或一本正經(jīng),原本枯燥的考研閱讀,由作者妙筆而成,讀來竟也清爽無比,包各位考生笑聲滿堂中,閱讀妙計(jì)盡納于心。
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