歐洲文化入門

內(nèi)容概要

這是一本中國大學(xué)英語系的教科書，為了教學(xué)需要而編寫的。學(xué)習(xí)英語的中國大學(xué)生在閱讀英文書刊和同英語國家人士的交往中，往往感到由于缺乏歐洲文化知識而增加了許多困難。英語中有數(shù)不清的典故、名言、成語、人名、地名等等來自古希臘羅馬的哲學(xué)、文學(xué)、歷史著作，希伯萊的圣經(jīng)，文藝復(fù)興時期的藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作或者牽涉到各時期思想、科技、政治、社會方面的重要事件和人物。如果對這些所知無多，讀書未必全懂，對談也難順利。而一旦對這些有了較多知識，則不僅了解程度會提高，而且由于通過文化來學(xué)習(xí)語言，語言也會學(xué)得更好。

書籍目錄

Introduction   1.Uses of the Subject  2.Two Major Elements in European CultureDIVISION ONE GREEK CULTURE AND ROMAN CULTURE  1.Greek Culture        2.Roman CultureDIVISION TWO THE BIBLE AND CHRISTIANITY   1.General Introduction   2.The Old Testament  3.Rise of Christianity  4.The New Testament   5.Translations of the BibleDIVISION THREE THE MIEELE AGES  1.General Introduction   2.Manor and Church   3.Learning and Science  4.Literature  5.Art and ArchitectureDIVISION FOUR RENAISSANCE AND REFORMATIONDIVISION FIVE THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURYDIVISION SIX THE AGE OF ENLIGHTENMENTDIVISION SEVEN ROMANTICISMDIVISION EIGHT MARXISM AND DARWINISMDIVISION NINE REALISM DIVISION TEN MODERNISM AND OTHER TRENDS參考書目歐洲與中國：大事對照簡表

章節(jié)摘錄

　　2. Social and Political Structure　　Athens was a democracy. Democracy means "exercise of power by the whole people"， but by "the whole people" the Greeks meant only the adult male citizens， and citizenship was aset of rights which　man inherited from his father. Women， children， foreigners and　　slaves were excluded. They had no rights.　　The economy of Athens rested on an immense amount of slavelabour. Slaves worked on farms and in workshops and mines owned by their masters. There was harsh exploitation in Greek society.　　The Greeks loved sports. Once every four years， they had a big festival on Olympus Mount which included contests of sports. Thus began the Olympic Games. Revived in 1896， the Games have become the worlds foremost amateur sports competition.　　3. Homer　　Ancient Greeks considered Homer to be the author of their epics. He probably lived around 700 B.C. Two such epics， the Iliad and the Odyssey， have survived.　They are not about events of　　Homers own time， but about great men and wars of a remoter age， probably in the period 1200——1100 B.C.　　The Iliad deals with the alliance of the states of the southern mainland of Greece， led by Agamemnon in their war against the city of Troy. The heroes are Hector on the Trojan side and Achilles and Odysseus on the Greek. In the final battle， Hector was killed by Achilles and Troy was sacked and burned by the Greeks.

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