人造黑洞/ARTIFICIAL BLACK HOLES

內容概要

Physicists are pondering on the possibility of simulating black holes in the laboratory by means of various "analog models". These analog models, typically based on condensed matter physics, can be used to help us understand general relativity (Einstein’s gravity); conversely, abstract techniques developed in general relativity can sometimes be used to help us understand certain aspects of condensed matter physics. This book contains 13 chapters — written by experts in general relativity, particle physics, and condensed matter physics — that explore various aspects of this two-way traffic.

書籍目錄

PrefaceList of contributorsPlan of the book1 Introduction and survey  Matt Visser  1.1 The notion of curved space  1.2 Adding a dimension: curved spacetime  1.3 Event horizons and ergoregions  1.4 Physical models  1.5 Kinematics versus dynamics  1.6 Wave equation in the acoustic analogy  1.7 Examples  1.8 Hawking radiation?  1.9 Horizon entropy?  1.10 Summary2 Acoustic black holes in dilute Bose-Einstein condensates  Luis Garay  2.1 Introduction  2.2 Sonic black holes in condensates  2.3 Black/white holes in a ring  2.4 Sink-generated black holes  2.5 Quasiparticle pair creation  2.6 Conclusions3 Slow light  Ulf Leonhardt  3.1 Motivation  3.2 Light-matter interaction  3.3 Ordinary media  3.4 Electromagnetically-Induced Transparency  3.5 Dark-state dynamics  3.6 Slow-light pulses  3.7 Effective field theory  3.8 Moving media  3.9 Summary4 Black hole and baby universe in a thin film of 3He-A  Ted Jacobson and Tatsuhiko Koike  4.1 Introduction and motivation  4.2 Black hole analogues using 3He  4.3 Effective spacetime from a moving domain wall  4.4 Hawking effect in the thin-film domain-wall model  4.5 Conclusion5 Measurability of dumb hole radiation?  William Unruh  5.1 Introduction  5.2 Hypersonic flow  5.3 Roton creation  5.4 Vorticity  5.5 Density changes  5.6 Slow light  5.7 Conclusion6 Effective gravity and quantum vacuum in superfluids  Grigori Volovik  6.1 Introduction  6.2 Einstein gravity and cosmological constant problem  6.3 Microscopic 'Theory of Everything' in quantum liquids  6.4 Weakly interacting Bose gas  6.5 Quantum liquid  6.6 Vacuum energy and cosmological constant  ……7 Emergent relativity and the physics of black hole horizons8 Quasi-gravity in branes9 Towards a collective treatment of quantum gravitational in teractions10 Role of sonic metric in relativistic superfluid 11 Effective geometry in nonlinear field theory(Electrodynamics and Gravity)12 Non-inertial quantum mechanical fluctuations13 Phonons and forces:Momentum versus pseudomomentum14 CodaAppendix: Elements of general relativityIndex

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