外科學(xué)

內(nèi)容概要

美國醫(yī)師執(zhí)照考試是針對全世界各國醫(yī)學(xué)院的學(xué)生或畢業(yè)生，欲到美國從醫(yī)的執(zhí)照考試，考試全部為選擇題，采用計算機(jī)考試?？荚嚪譃椋篠tep 1(第一階段)，考察醫(yī)學(xué)基礎(chǔ)學(xué)科知識；Step 2(第二階段)，考察臨床醫(yī)學(xué)知識和臨床技能；Step 3(第三階段)，測試考生的實(shí)際工作能力。     本冊《外科學(xué)(第12版)》介紹了“Pre- and Postoperative Care”、“Critical Care：Anesthesiology，Blood Gases，and Respiratory Care”、“Skin：Wounds，Infections，and Burns；Hands；Plastic Surgery”等眾多內(nèi)容。

作者簡介

編者：(美國)郜(Lillian S.Kao) (美國)李(Tammy Lee)

書籍目錄

IntroductionPre-and Postoperative Care  Questions  AnswersCritical Care： Anesthesiology，Blood Gases，and Respiratory Care  Questions  AnswersSkin：Wounds，Infections，and Burns；Hands；Plastic Surgery  Questions  AnswersTrauma and Shock  Questions  AnswersTransplants，Immunology，and Oncology  Questions  AnswersEndocrine Problems and the Breast  Questions  AnswersGastrointestinal Tract，Liver，and Pancreas  Questions  AnswersCardiothoracic Problems  Questions  AnswersPeripheral Vascular Problems  Questions  AnswersUrology  Questions  AnswersOrthopedics  Questions  AnswersNeurosurgery  Questions  AnswersOtolaryngology  Questions  AnswersPediatric Surgery  Questions  AnswersBibliography

章節(jié)摘錄

22. The answer is c. （Brunicardi, pp 1463-1465.） Acute adrenal insufficiency can occur in patients with severe stress, infection, or trauma or as a result of abrupt cessation or too rapid tapering of chronic glucocorticoid therapy, and is classically manifested as changing mental status, increased temperature, cardiovascular collapse, hypoglycemia, and hyperkalemia. The diagnosis can be difficult to make and requires a high index of suspicion. Its clinical presentation is similar to that of sepsis; however, sepsis is generally associated with hyperglycemia and no significant change in potassium. The treatment for adrenal crisis is intravenous steroids, volume resuscitation, and other supportive measures to treat any new or ongoing stress. Dexamethasone is the steroid replacement of choice when empirically treating adrenal insufficiency since hydrocortisone can interfere with confirmatory testing （adrenocorticotropic hormone [ACTH] stimulation test）. Steroid treatment can be subsequently converted to oral medication and tapered after treatment of the adrenal crisis.23. The answer is e. （Brunicardi, p 78.） Transfusions with FFP to replenish vitamin K-dependent dotting factors should be administered on call to the operating room. The timing of transfusion is dependent on the quantity of each factor delivered and its half-life. The half-life of the most stable dotting factor, factor VII, is 4 to 6 hours. Thus, transfusion of FFP on call to the operating room ensures that the transfusion is complete prior to the incision, with circulating factors to cover the operative and immediate postoperative period.

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《外科學(xué)(第12版)》：PreTest is the closest you can get to seeing the test before you take it student tested and reviewed"...a comprehensive compilation of questions both in general surgery and surgical subspecialties which will be extremely useful for both the medical students and the residents studying for their boards"——Ranjith Ramasamy MD, Resident, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical College"The explanation for each question was clear and filled with enough detail to reinforce something that I had already known, or it helped me to remember and understand things that I hadn't quite grasped before."——Judy Vu, Medical Student, University of Utah School of Medicine"...highly relevant to the material/concepts tested on the USMLE Step 2"——Kevyn To, Medical Student, SUNY Upstate College of Medicine500 USMLE-style questions and answersDetailed explanations for right and wrong answersTargets what you really need to know for exam successStudent tested and reviewedGreat for clerkship review and the USMLE Step 2 CK！ Surgery: PreTest asks the right questions so you'll know the right answers. Open it and start learning what's on the test.

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