英語語言學(xué)

內(nèi)容概要

雖然英語語言學(xué)對學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)使用英語有著理論指導(dǎo)意義和實(shí)踐意義，但是由于種種原因，很多學(xué)生認(rèn)為語言學(xué)課程內(nèi)容抽象、枯燥，對學(xué)習(xí)英語語言學(xué)的興趣不大，甚至有抵觸情緒。要改變這種尷尬的局面，教材的改革十分必要。編者在總結(jié)前人英語語言學(xué)教材編寫經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上，將歸納法引入教材的編寫之中，學(xué)生通過分析語言事例，去探索、發(fā)現(xiàn)、總結(jié)語言使用規(guī)律，發(fā)展理性思維。教材編寫強(qiáng)調(diào)基礎(chǔ)性、實(shí)用性、啟發(fā)性、自足性和時(shí)代性；強(qiáng)調(diào)理論性與實(shí)踐性相結(jié)合，學(xué)術(shù)性與趣味性相結(jié)合；同時(shí)，注重把啟發(fā)式、討論式、發(fā)現(xiàn)式和研究式的教學(xué)理念運(yùn)用于教材編寫之中。

書籍目錄

Chapter 1 Introduction　1. What is linguistics?　　1.1 Definition of linguistics　　1.2 Main branches of linguistics　　1.3 Why study language?　2. What is language?　　2.1 Definition of language　　2.2 Design features of language　3. Important distinctions in linguistics　　3.1 Prescriptive vs. descriptive　　3.2 Synchronic vs. diachronic　　3.3 Speech vs. writing　3.4 Langue vs. parole　　3.5 Competence vs. performance　Exercises　Further ReadingsChapter 2 Phonetics　1. The phonic medium of language　2. Phonetics　　2.1 What is phonetics?　　2.2 Organs of speech　　2.3 Classification of English speech sounds　Exerc i ses　Further ReadingsChapter 3 Phonology　1. General introduction to phonology　2. Basic concepts of phonology　　2.1 Phone, phoneme and allophone　　2.2 Phonemic contrast, complementary distribution and minimal pair　　2.3 Broad transcription and narrow transcription　3. Some phonological rules　　3.1 Sequential rules　　3.2 Assimilation rules　4. Suprasegmental features: stress, tone and intonation　　4.1 Stress　　4.2 Tone　　4.3 Intonation　Exercises　Further ReadingsChapter 4 Morphology　1. Morphology　2. Morphemes　3. Types of morphemes　　3.1 Free morphemes　　3.2 Bound morphemes　4. Allomorph　5. Word formation rules　　5.1 Compounding　　5.2 Derivation　　5.3 Conversion　　5.4 Clipping　　5.5 Initialism　　5.6 Acronym　　5.7 Blending　　5.8 Back-formation　Exercises　Further ReadingsChapter 5 Syntax　1. Syntactic categories　2. Combinational rules　3. Sentence structure　　3.1 The structural approach and IC analysis　　3.2 Advantages and problems of IC analysis　　3.3 Transformational-generative grammar　4. Universal grammar　　4.1 The observational basis of UG　　4.2 General principles of UG　　4.3 General parameters of UG　Exercises　Further ReadingsChapter 6 Semantics　1. General introduction　2. Approaches to semantics　　2.1 The naming theory　　2.2 The conceptualist theory　　2.3 Contextualism　　2.4 Behaviorism　3. Lexical meaning　　3.1 Sense and reference　　3.2 Major semantic relationships between words　4. Sentence meaning　5. Analysis of meaning　　5.1 Componential analysis——a way to analyze lexical meaning　　5.2 Predication analysis——a way to analyze sentence meaning　Exercises　Further ReadingsChapter 7 Pragmatics　1. What is pragmatics?　2. Context　3. Entailment　4. Presupposition　5. Speech acts　6. Conversational implicatures　7. The cooperative principle　8. Deixis　9. Politeness principle　Exercises　Further Recld ingsChapter 8 Language and Society　1. Speech community　2. Relationships between language and society　3. Language varieties　　3.1 Dialects　　3.2 Register　　3.3 Mixture of varieties　Exercises　Further ReedingsChapter 9 Language and Culture　1. General introduction　　1.1 The relationship between language and culture　　1.2 The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis　2. Cross-cultural communication　　2.1 Meaning as sign　　2.2 Cultural clash　　2.3 Stereotype　Exercises　Further ReadingsChapter 10 Language and Acquisition　1. Behaviorism　2. Innatism:how languages are learned　3. Interactionist theory: how languages are learned　4. Interlanguage: how languages are learned　5. Acquisition vs. learning　6. Competence vs. performance　7. Universal grammar　8. Language transfer　9. Comprehensible input　10. Critical period hypothesis　Exercises　Further ReadingsChapter 11 Language and Methodology　1. Approaches to language teaching　2. Contribution of linguistics to language teaching　3. Language testing　　3.1 Basic considerations of language testing　　3.2 Main types of language tests　Exercises　Further Read ingsReferences

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