普通高等教育十一五國(guó)家級(jí)規(guī)劃教材·英語(yǔ)閱讀技巧與實(shí)踐

前言

　　閱讀對(duì)于學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言的重要性是不言而喻的。古人有言，“讀書破萬(wàn)卷，下筆如有神”，指的就是閱讀對(duì)掌握語(yǔ)言、提高寫作能力所起的作用。另一說(shuō)“讀萬(wàn)卷書，行萬(wàn)里路”，也包含著類似的意思。至于“青燈黃卷”、“寒窗苦讀”，則除了倡導(dǎo)發(fā)憤學(xué)習(xí)，還說(shuō)明了對(duì)大量閱讀的重視?！　≌Z(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)是相通的。大量閱讀對(duì)掌握外語(yǔ)也同樣重要。閱讀有助于培養(yǎng)語(yǔ)感。對(duì)一種語(yǔ)言的感受，是建立在對(duì)該語(yǔ)言的頻繁接觸上的。對(duì)在母語(yǔ)環(huán)境里的外語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者來(lái)說(shuō)，可以說(shuō)沒(méi)有大量閱讀就不可能產(chǎn)生對(duì)所學(xué)外語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)感，而沒(méi)有語(yǔ)感，則只能得語(yǔ)言之皮毛。大量閱讀也有助于增加語(yǔ)匯和表達(dá)方式，無(wú)論是本國(guó)語(yǔ)還是外語(yǔ)，我們所掌握的用以書面?zhèn)鬟f思想的詞匯和句法，大多是通過(guò)閱讀得來(lái)的，書讀得越多，掌握的表達(dá)方式也越多，表達(dá)能力也越強(qiáng)。閱讀對(duì)寫作所起的作用更為直接。通常，寫不好的根本原因，除了思想貧乏、邏輯混亂等內(nèi)在智力因素外，主要還應(yīng)歸結(jié)于讀得太少，沒(méi)有從閱讀別人的文章中學(xué)得自己寫作所需的語(yǔ)匯和表達(dá)方式。閱讀還能豐富我們的文化知識(shí)，培根就認(rèn)定“讀書使人充實(shí)”，而掌握有關(guān)國(guó)家的文化背景知識(shí)，對(duì)外語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者來(lái)說(shuō)尤為重要。一篇域外的文章，一部外國(guó)的小說(shuō)，都會(huì)向我們展示一個(gè)新的世界，都有助于我們對(duì)其語(yǔ)言的了解和領(lǐng)悟。閱讀對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)外語(yǔ)的重要性是怎么強(qiáng)調(diào)也不會(huì)過(guò)分的?！　∪绻延⒄Z(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中的閱讀分為精讀和泛讀兩類的話，那么現(xiàn)時(shí)人們的注意力往往過(guò)多地置于精讀，而忽略了泛讀。精讀不能說(shuō)不重要，古人也有“熟讀唐詩(shī)三百首，不會(huì)吟詩(shī)也會(huì)吟”之類強(qiáng)調(diào)精讀之說(shuō)。問(wèn)題在于我們大多著眼于試驗(yàn)田式的小塊文章上的精耕細(xì)作’’（不厭其煩地釋義，反反復(fù)復(fù)地解釋語(yǔ)法，不無(wú)炫耀地解析詞匯等等），而把“大量閱讀”放在極其次要的地位。雖然設(shè)有泛讀課，但大多泛讀不“泛”，閱讀量極其有限，說(shuō)到底不過(guò)是精讀的變種。盡管對(duì)一小篇課文的研讀可以把文中的詞匯與句式搞得滾瓜爛熟，對(duì)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)也有所幫助。

內(nèi)容概要

　　《英語(yǔ)閱讀技巧與實(shí)踐》系高等院校英語(yǔ)專業(yè)閱讀課系列教材，2001年獲國(guó)家級(jí)教學(xué)成果二等獎(jiǎng)；2005年獲中國(guó)大學(xué)出版社協(xié)會(huì)優(yōu)秀教材一等獎(jiǎng)；2006年被教育部確定為普通高等教育“十一五”國(guó)家級(jí)規(guī)劃教材?！　”緝?cè)的重點(diǎn)仍然是運(yùn)用第一冊(cè)學(xué)到的基本閱讀技巧，千方百計(jì)擴(kuò)大詞匯量，提高閱讀速度和理解率。本冊(cè)每篇文章后都注明有單詞數(shù)，以便教師按教學(xué)大綱規(guī)定的閱讀速度組織教學(xué)。首先教師要求學(xué)生在規(guī)定的時(shí)間里讀完課文并做完第一大練習(xí)題（理解題），然后檢查答案。課文后還有很多其他練習(xí)題，除了快速閱讀以外，教師在本冊(cè)中要特別注重cloze test，因?yàn)樗菍?duì)學(xué)生語(yǔ)言能力的綜合檢測(cè)。在做這道題時(shí)，教師不能只對(duì)答案，而應(yīng)教給學(xué)生如下技巧：上下文線索、習(xí)慣搭配、語(yǔ)法知識(shí)及常識(shí)。利用好這四條技巧，做題時(shí)一般能做對(duì)70％～80％。同時(shí)也要重視綜合改錯(cuò)題，做改錯(cuò)題的技巧與做完形填空題的技巧基本相同。

書籍目錄

　　PASSAGE 1 Yellow Fever　　PASSAGE 2 Intelligence in Animals　　PASSAGE 3 Electronic Burglar Alarms　　PASSAGE 4 America's New Recession　　PASSAGE 5 The Discovery of a Sunken Ship　　PASSAGE 6 Man Hunters of the USA　　PASSAGE 7 Frank Turner　　PASSAGE 8 The Interaction of Body and Mind　　PASSAGE 9 The Land and the People　　PASSAGE 10 Supermarkets　　PASSAGE 11 Sex on the Job　　PASSAGE 12 From the Other Side of the Generation Gap 　　PASSAGE 13 A Virtual University　　PASSAGE 14 WTO Finds US Trade Damaged by EU Beef Import Ban　　PASSAGE 15 Two Major Parties in Britain　　PASSAGE 16 Reeds， Pens and Beyond　　PASSAGE 17 Why Tortoise's Shell Is Not Smooth　　PASSAGE 18 How Hurricanes Get Their Names　　PASSAGE 19 Indo-European Languages　　PASSAGE 20 Death.a Part of Life　　PASSAGE 21 Tame Volcanoes　　PASSAGE 22 The Secret Language of Barrier Signals　　PASSAGE 23 The Birth of Jesus　　PASSAGE 24 The Man with the Jade Mask　　PASSAGE 25 The Piece of String　　PASSAGE 26 Robert Baden-Powell， Secret Agent　　PASSAGE 27 Stuck on Stamps　　PASSAGE 28 The American Tax System　　PASSAGE 29 We Are Not a Nation of Tax Cheats　　PASSAGE 30 Insurance　　PASSAGE 31 Investment Banking Companies　　PASSAGE 32 Weather Catastrophe-Then and Now?　　PASSAGE 33 Bittersweet Companions　　PASSAGE 34 Safeguarding Life　　PASSAGE 35 The Red Data Books　　PASSAGE 36 The First Ecologists　　PASSAGE 37 Twins，Genes and Environment　　PASSAGE 38 The Antler Riddle　　PASSAGE 39 Beneath the Canopy 　　PASSAGE 40 Paralinguistic Communication　　APPENDIX　Vocabulary

章節(jié)摘錄

　　PAssAGE 1　　Yellow Fevel　　[1]Hopes for a victory over the disease of yellow fever were raised still fur ther when one of a team of Rockefeller doctors，　studying yellow fever in Ghana，scored a major victory in the summer of 1927．Visiting a village where there wasan outbreak，the doctor took blood from a good-looking young African，Asibi byname。who had a mild touch of fever．The doctor now injected some of his bloodinto four animals including one monkey that had j ust arrived from India．Only themonkev went down with yellow fever．For the first time the virus of the disease had been passed into an animal other than man．Having animals that could be given the disease opened the way to new lines of experiments．　　[2] The Asibi virus was kept going from monkey to monkey．In this way they gradually developed a virus whose power to make people ill had been greatlylowered．But still it had enough strength to develop resistance in human beings．So from the blood of a West African a vaccine was finally developed that now protects millions of people from yellow fever．　　[3] Such，then，was the point reached in 1932．Yellow fever appeared to be onthe way out．a(chǎn)t least in the Americas．Then there occurred an outbreak in a countrv district in Brazil．This was strange，since yellow fever had always been believed to be a disease of the city，one that people caught by being bitten in their own homes by the city type of mosquitoes，bred within a hundred yards of theirhouses．Something much more surprising，however，was in store for themembers of the Brazilian Yellow Fever Service，when they reached the area．　　here was yellow fever in the district，without doubt．The Service found it was presentby all the standard tests．But there were no city-type mosquitoes，not one．　　[4]　One morning a doctor went into the jungle with some woodcutters．Hewanted to collect mosquitoes，but they weren't biting．The doctor was just readyto leave，when one of the men shouted that a tree was about to fall．He stoodback and watched the great mass come down．Sunlight streamed through the holemade in the roof of the j ungle and from the upper branches of the fallen tree rosea cloud of blue mosquitoes which circled around the men．E53 So it was learned that these blue mosquitoes，relatively rare on the floor ofthe j ungle，exist in great numbers in the treetops．There too，the monkeys live．This discovery completed a chain of facts about the way j ungle yellow fever iscaught and spread．It is mainly a disease of monkeys in the j ungle treetops．Theyare infected by the bites of several kinds of mosquitoes，blue mosquitoes being oneof the most conll Tlon attackers．The pattern is camed on frommonkey to mosquito andback to monkey．But men going into the jungle may also get the disease，particularly iftheir work disturbs the roof of the jungle．If the man bitten by an infected mosquitoreturns to a city where there are mosquitoes of the city type，he may start again thepattern of man to mosquito to man．　(about 550 words)　　Exercises　　I．Tick 0ff the best choice according to the information given in this passage．　　1．A further advance in the fight against yellow fever was made when it was　　discovered that the disease could be passed from__________．　　A．man to mosquitoB．a(chǎn)nimal to man　　C．a(chǎn)nimal to mosquitoD．man to animal　　2．The vaccine for yellow fever that is used today is developed from the　　original sample of blood from_______．　　A．experimental monkeysB_American doctors　　C．a(chǎn) West African D．infected mosquitoes　　3．Up to 1 932，yellow fever had been mainly a disease of______．　　A．the cityB．the countryC．the j ungleD．inland places　　4．In the jungle the doctor found——．　　A．the city type of mosquitoesB．blue mosquitoes　　C．a(chǎn)ll types of mosquitoes D．very few mosquitoes　　5．J ungle yellow fever can only exist where there are_____．　　A．a(chǎn)ny type of mosquitoes13．blue mosquitoes　　C．monkeys D．a(chǎn)nimals and mosquitoes　　6．Men going into the j ungle are especially likely to get yellow fever if their　　work______．　　A．is near waterB．disturbs the roof of the j ungle　　C involves handling woodD．keeps them there after dark　　7．The doctors in this story were interested in discovering________．　　A．the pattern of the disease　　B．the signs of yellow fever　　C．the kind of people who get the disease　　D．how monkeys stay healthy　　8．An interesting finding in this story is that_________．　　A．only one type of mosquitoes carries yellow fever　　B．a(chǎn)t least two types of mosquitoes carry yellow fever　　C．a(chǎn)ny mosquitoes can carry the disease　　D．monkeys are necessary in keeping yellow fever going　　9．An important thought you might get from reading this story is that doctors　　studying a disease must_________．　　A．be ready for unexpected thingsB．a(chǎn)lways go into the j ungles　　C．work mostly with animalsD．be interested only in humans　　10．The use of monkeys in the virus experiments was_______．　　A．badB．very fortunate　　C a pure accident D．not necessary　　11．In the given paragraph find the word that best fits the meaning below．Write the word．　　1．a(chǎn)chieved(Para．1)　　2．part or area(Para．3)　　3．flew freely(Para．4)　　4．swarm(Para．4)

編輯推薦

　　1.根據(jù)《高等學(xué)校英語(yǔ)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)大綱》編寫，具有可靠性；2.以閱讀技巧為主線，編排合理，具有獨(dú)創(chuàng)性；3.從事實(shí)性閱讀、評(píng)判性閱讀、報(bào)刊閱讀到鑒賞性閱讀，循序漸進(jìn)，具有科學(xué)性；4.體裁多樣，題材廣泛，具有可讀性；5.選材精粹，課堂實(shí)用，具有操作性；6.題型豐富，練習(xí)適量，具有針對(duì)性。

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