英語(yǔ)閱讀技巧與實(shí)踐

前言

　　閱讀對(duì)于學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言的重要性是不言而喻的。古人有言，“讀書(shū)破萬(wàn)卷，下筆如有神”，指的就是閱讀對(duì)掌握語(yǔ)言、提高寫(xiě)作能力所起的作用。另一說(shuō)“讀萬(wàn)卷書(shū)，行萬(wàn)里路”，也包含著類似的意思。至于“青燈黃卷”、“寒窗苦讀”，則除了倡導(dǎo)發(fā)憤學(xué)習(xí)，還說(shuō)明了對(duì)大量閱讀的重視。　　語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)是相通的。大量閱讀對(duì)掌握外語(yǔ)也同樣重要。閱讀有助于培養(yǎng)語(yǔ)感。對(duì)一種語(yǔ)言的感受，是建立在對(duì)該語(yǔ)言的頻繁接觸上的。對(duì)在母語(yǔ)環(huán)境里的外語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者來(lái)說(shuō)，可以說(shuō)沒(méi)有大量閱讀就不可能產(chǎn)生對(duì)所學(xué)外語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)感，而沒(méi)有語(yǔ)感，則只能得語(yǔ)言之皮毛。大量閱讀也有助于增加語(yǔ)匯和表達(dá)方式，無(wú)論是本國(guó)語(yǔ)還是外語(yǔ)，我們所掌握的用以書(shū)面?zhèn)鬟f思想的詞匯和句法，大多是通過(guò)閱讀得來(lái)的，書(shū)讀得越多，掌握的表達(dá)方式也越多，表達(dá)能力也越強(qiáng)。閱讀對(duì)寫(xiě)作所起的作用更為直接。通常，寫(xiě)不好的根本原因，除了思想貧乏、邏輯混亂等內(nèi)在智力因素外，主要還應(yīng)歸結(jié)于讀得太少，沒(méi)有從閱讀別人的文章中學(xué)得自己寫(xiě)作所需的語(yǔ)匯和表達(dá)方式。閱讀還能豐富我們的文化知識(shí)，培根就認(rèn)定“讀書(shū)使人充實(shí)”，而掌握有關(guān)國(guó)家的文化背景知識(shí)，對(duì)外語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者來(lái)說(shuō)尤為重要。一篇域外的文章，一部外國(guó)的小說(shuō)，都會(huì)向我們展示一個(gè)新的世界，都有助于我們對(duì)其語(yǔ)言的了解和領(lǐng)悟。閱讀對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)外語(yǔ)的重要性是怎么強(qiáng)調(diào)也不會(huì)過(guò)分的?！　∪绻延⒄Z(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中的閱讀分為精讀和泛讀兩類的話，那么現(xiàn)時(shí)人們的注意力往往過(guò)多地置于精讀，而忽略了泛讀。精讀不能說(shuō)不重要，古人也有“熟讀唐詩(shī)三百首，不會(huì)吟詩(shī)也會(huì)吟”之類強(qiáng)調(diào)精讀之說(shuō)。問(wèn)題在于我們大多著眼于試驗(yàn)田式的小塊文章上的精耕細(xì)作’’（不厭其煩地釋義，反反復(fù)復(fù)地解釋語(yǔ)法，不無(wú)炫耀地解析詞匯等等），而把“大量閱讀”放在極其次要的地位。雖然設(shè)有泛讀課，但大多泛讀不“泛”，閱讀量極其有限，說(shuō)到底不過(guò)是精讀的變種。盡管對(duì)一小篇課文的研讀可以把文中的詞匯與句式搞得滾瓜爛熟，對(duì)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)也有所幫助。

內(nèi)容概要

　　《英語(yǔ)閱讀技巧與實(shí)踐》是為高等學(xué)校英語(yǔ)專業(yè)學(xué)生編寫(xiě)的一套閱讀（以前稱為泛讀）教材。全套書(shū)共7冊(cè)，既可供英語(yǔ)專業(yè)本、?？粕褂?，也可供教師進(jìn)修學(xué)院、函授大學(xué)和夜大的英語(yǔ)專業(yè)學(xué)員使用?！　”咎捉滩囊罁?jù)《高等學(xué)校英語(yǔ)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)大綱》對(duì)英語(yǔ)閱讀課程的要求編寫(xiě)，其編寫(xiě)的目的是：教給學(xué)生閱讀理論和技巧，培養(yǎng)他們細(xì)致觀察語(yǔ)言的能力和假設(shè)判斷、推理驗(yàn)證等邏輯思維能力；培養(yǎng)他們閱讀的興趣，使他們?cè)谳^短的時(shí)間里盡快擴(kuò)大詞匯量和知識(shí)面，提高思想和文化素養(yǎng)，從而提高閱讀水平和能力，通過(guò)閱讀更快更好地獲取世界上各國(guó)有用的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化和科技等方面的信息，為我國(guó)的改革開(kāi)放和社會(huì)主義建設(shè)服務(wù)。

書(shū)籍目錄

　　PASSAGE 1 Your Job May Be Next!　　PASSAGE 2 Hitch-hikers　　PASSAGE 3 Coping with Crisis　　PASSAGE 4 Get Ready for a Digitalized Future　　PASSAGE 5 Leave to Enter　　PASSAGE 6 The Ozone　　PASSAGE 7 Back to Nature　　PASSAGE 8 First Lady of the Seeing Eye　　PASSAGE 9 Robots　　PASSAGE 10 The Heart　　PASSAGE 11 Counterfeiters Cash in on Reject Chips　　PASSAGE 12 Rice Harvesting with Uncle Lansana　　PASSAGE 13 Socrates　　PASSAGE 14 Salt　　PASSAGE 15 Pioneers in Space　　PASSAGE 16 Aging in the Western Tradition:Cultural Origins of the Modern Life Course　　PASSAGE 17 Planned Cities　　PASSAGE 18 Louis Armstrong--a Jazz Immortal　　PASSAGE 19 Tokyo Goes Underground　　PASSAGE 20 The Disney World　　PASSAGE 21 The Midnight Visitor　　PASSAGE 22 The Plant Wizard　　PASSAGE 23 Roof Work　　PASSAGE 24 Benjamin Franklin　　PASSAGE 25 Ants Are Smarter Than We Think　　PASSAGE 26 Taming the Elephant　　PASSAGE 27 Pockety Women Unite?　　PASSAGE 28 Chinese Americans　　PASSAGE 29 Some Benefits of Large Families in India　　PASSAGE 30 Man and Insects　　PASSAGE 31 Two Major Political Parties in America 　　PASSAGE 32 Discovery by Accident　　PASSAGE 33 When Marriage Is a Crime　　PASSAGE 34 Characteristic Features of English　　PASSAGE 35 Imports and Exports　　PASSAGE 36 International Transfer of Money　　PASSAGE 37 The Haunted Spacesuit　　PASSAGE 38 A Killer Is Born　　PASSAGE 39 Clone Technology　　PASSAGE 40 Microbes， Infection and Disease　　APPENDIX Vocabulary

章節(jié)摘錄

　　PAssAGE 1　　Your Job May Be Next!　　[1]The mood in the conference room was light and festive．It was just twoweeks before Christmas 2002 and many of the 300 or so Dell employees weregetting set for the holidays and year-end vacation time as they gathered at Dell'Scampus in Austin，Texas，for a"town hall"meeting．They were ill prepared for themessage that senior vice president Jeff Clarke was about to deliver．Meetings ofthis sort were usually big on awards，recognition，and introductions of newproducts and proj ect teams．And despite the market drubbing of tech stocks ingeneral，Dell had posted another-ban-ner year in sales balance，Mr Clarke noted．Then came the bad news．The company was announcing new personnel"-attri-tion goals"of 1 0 percent per year，about double the normal attrition rate．These positions would not be filled in the United States，Clarke explained．They would be filled by new hires in India，China，and other countries where Dell is shifting business．　　[2]Audible gasps came from the employee audience，a hi-tech-assem-blage of Dell software engineers，electrical engineers，test engineers，group managers，and administrative talents．A Dell employee who attended the meeting told The NewAmerican："A definite pall came over the crowd．It did not make for a happy Christmas．　　[3]Although Clarke'S announcement came as a shock，there had been hints of an impending axe-fall．In 2000，Dell had announced the launching of its China Design Centre in the People'S Republic of China(PRC)．A steady trickle of Chinese engineers，proj ect planners，and managers had been brought to Dell'S Austin campus for training，and some US Dell employees had made the trek toChina for four-to-six-month stints to train Chinese personnel there．Around theDell headquarters in Austin，employees had begun wryly referring to the"Chineseinvasion"as"training our replacements．"Few expected that the replacing would start SO soon．　　[4]Dell'S new China Design Centre in Shanghai joins similar research and design centres in China，Russia and India built by Microsoft，Motorola，Boeing，General Electric，and other corporate titans．The hi-tech centres are a distinctly new development，in contrast to the huge number of foreign manufacturing plants--especially in Mexico and China built by US companies over the pastcouple of decades．These early rounds of"globalization"cost millions of US jobs，but various experts assured US that this should not concern US because these were blue collar"rust belt"j obs．Old technology，they claimed．Manufacturing is pass6 and development--these would be the clean，high-paying jobs that would keepAmerica on top．　　[5]　But guess what?After years of stripmining America'S industrial base，US corporate-61i t-ists and their political allies in Washington，DC，Beij ing，Mexico，Moscow，and elsewhere are nOW looking to dispense with upscale white collar jobsas well．College graduates who obtained degrees in computer science andengineering are finding themselves replaced by Third World counterparts willingto work for 20～50 percent less pay．In corporate globalese this replacementprocess is euphemistically called"outsourcing"．Adding insult to injury。many ofthe replacement foreign workers received tax-subsidized education in USuniversities　　.[6]　According to Business Week：In a recent PowerPoint presentation，MicrosoftCorp．Senior Vice-President Brian Valentine--the No．2 executive in thecompany'S Windows unit--urged managers to"pick something to move offshoretoday．"In India，said the briefing，you can get"quality work at 50％to 60％of thecost．That'S tWO heads for the price of one．　　"[7]Business Week offered this forecast：Now，all kinds of knowledge work canbe done almost anywhere．"You will see an explosion of work going overseas．"says Forrester Research Inc．a(chǎn)nalyst J ohn McCarthy．He goes SO far as to predictat least 3．3 million white-collar jobs and$136 billion in wages will shift from theUSA to lOW-cost countries by 2015．　(about 660 words)　　Exercises　　I．Tick off the best choice according to the information given in this passage．　　1．AIl the following words can be used tO describe the mood of the Dell'S employees in the conference room at the beginning Except　　A．joyfulB．gloomyC．gratifying D．1ight-hearted　　2．The message delivered by senior vice president．　　A．brought happiness to everyone in the conference room　　B．made all the employees in the conference room very satisfied　　C．caused a great cheer among the employees in the conference room　　D．was entirely beyond expectation of the employees in the conference room　　3．The purpose of the“town hall"meetings held at Dell’S campus used to include all the following contents but 　　A．a(chǎn)nalyze the situation of stock market　　B．a(chǎn)ward prizes to the excellent employees　　C．give recognition to those who made great achievements．　　D．made the introduction of new products and project teams　　4．Though Dell did quite well in sales，growth，and profits last year，the new “attrition goals”this year has been 　　A．the sameB．doubledC．tripledD．reduced　　5．The news of 10 percent of attrition rate was a great to a11 the employees at the meeting．　　A．joyB．wonderC．shockD．crash　　6．With the shift of its business，Dell has launched itsin 2000．　　A．China Design CentreB．China Training Centre　　C．China Personnel CentreD．China Proj ect Centre　　7．Many Dell’S employees considered training Chinese personnel in Austin as “Chinese invasion”because 　　A．they envy anyone who can do better than them　　B．they don’t want to be outworked by Chinese employees

編輯推薦

　　1.根據(jù)《高等學(xué)校英語(yǔ)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)大綱》編寫(xiě)，具有可靠性；2.以閱讀技巧為主線，編排合理，具有獨(dú)創(chuàng)性；3.從事實(shí)性閱讀、評(píng)判性閱讀、報(bào)刊閱讀到鑒賞性閱讀，循序漸進(jìn)，具有科學(xué)性；4.體裁多樣，題材廣泛，具有可讀性；5.選材精粹，課堂實(shí)用，具有操作性；6.題型豐富，練習(xí)適量，具有針對(duì)性。

圖書(shū)封面

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