土木工程與建筑

前言

　　大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)大綱（修訂本）規(guī)定大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)分為基礎(chǔ)階段（一至二年級(jí)）和應(yīng)用提高階段（三至四年級(jí)）。應(yīng)用提高階段的教學(xué)包括專業(yè)英語(yǔ)（Subject.Based English，簡(jiǎn)稱SBE）和高級(jí)英語(yǔ)（Advanced English，簡(jiǎn)稱AE）兩部分。大綱明確指出：“大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的目的是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生具有較強(qiáng)的閱讀能力和一定的聽、說(shuō)、寫、譯能力，使他們能用英語(yǔ)交流信息。……以適應(yīng)社會(huì)發(fā)展和經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)的需要?！毙率兰o(jì)對(duì)人才在外語(yǔ)方面提出了更高的要求。抓好大學(xué)英語(yǔ)應(yīng)用提高階段的教學(xué)已勢(shì)在必行。編寫本教材的目的是幫助理工科學(xué)生在應(yīng)用提高階段進(jìn)一步發(fā)展、鞏固和提高基礎(chǔ)階段已掌握的讀、聽、寫、說(shuō)、譯五種技能，并使部分有一定口語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)的學(xué)生在聽說(shuō)能力方面也能有較大的提高，以適應(yīng)21世紀(jì)對(duì)高級(jí)人才的需求?！　”窘滩闹饕m用于已完成基礎(chǔ)階段學(xué)習(xí)的高等學(xué)校理工科本科生，為應(yīng)用提高階段的必修課和選修課教材，也可用作研究生教學(xué)或工程技術(shù)人員的外語(yǔ)培訓(xùn)教材?！　∪捉滩挠蓪I(yè)教師和英語(yǔ)教師合作編寫而成。它以英國(guó)語(yǔ)言學(xué)家H.G.Widdowson的交際法理論為依據(jù)，著重解決語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力的培養(yǎng)問(wèn)題，使學(xué)生將基礎(chǔ)階段已掌握的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)和技能在自己的專業(yè)領(lǐng)域中得到進(jìn)一步實(shí)踐和應(yīng)用，從而達(dá)到能以英語(yǔ)為工具獲取和交流信息的教學(xué)目的。

內(nèi)容概要

　　大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)大綱（修訂本）規(guī)定大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)分為基礎(chǔ)階段（一至二年級(jí)）和應(yīng)用提高階段（三至四年級(jí)）。應(yīng)用提高階段的教學(xué)包括專業(yè)英語(yǔ)（Subject.Based English，簡(jiǎn)稱SBE）和高級(jí)英語(yǔ)（Advanced English，簡(jiǎn)稱AE）兩部分。大綱明確指出：“大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的目的是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生具有較強(qiáng)的閱讀能力和一定的聽、說(shuō)、寫、譯能力，使他們能用英語(yǔ)交流信息?！赃m應(yīng)社會(huì)發(fā)展和經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)的需要。”新世紀(jì)對(duì)人才在外語(yǔ)方面提出了更高的要求。抓好大學(xué)英語(yǔ)應(yīng)用提高階段的教學(xué)已勢(shì)在必行。編寫本教材的目的是幫助理工科學(xué)生在應(yīng)用提高階段進(jìn)一步發(fā)展、鞏固和提高基礎(chǔ)階段已掌握的讀、聽、寫、說(shuō)、譯五種技能，并使部分有一定口語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)的學(xué)生在聽說(shuō)能力方面也能有較大的提高，以適應(yīng)21世紀(jì)對(duì)高級(jí)人才的需求。　　本教材主要適用于已完成基礎(chǔ)階段學(xué)習(xí)的高等學(xué)校理工科本科生，為應(yīng)用提高階段的必修課和選修課教材，也可用作研究生教學(xué)或工程技術(shù)人員的外語(yǔ)培訓(xùn)教材?！　∪捉滩挠蓪I(yè)教師和英語(yǔ)教師合作編寫而成。它以英國(guó)語(yǔ)言學(xué)家H.G.Widdowson的交際法理論為依據(jù)，著重解決語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力的培養(yǎng)問(wèn)題，使學(xué)生將基礎(chǔ)階段已掌握的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)和技能在自己的專業(yè)領(lǐng)域中得到進(jìn)一步實(shí)踐和應(yīng)用，從而達(dá)到能以英語(yǔ)為工具獲取和交流信息的教學(xué)目的。

作者簡(jiǎn)介

　　宋黎 康海貴 叢書主編：程月芳 合著者：（英國(guó)）Geoff Thompson

書籍目錄

UNIT ONEReading and Comprehension 1FRICTIONReading and Practice 6MECHANICAL VIBRATIONSReading and Translation 11TRUSSES AND CABLESUNIT TWOReading and Comprehension 16INTRODUCTION TO COMPONENT DESIGNReading and Practice 21STRESSReading and Translation 28CONCEPT OF STRAIN AT A POINTUNIT THREEReading and Comprehension 32THE ENERGY THEOREMSReading and Practice 38THE ENERGY THEOREMS (continued)Reading and Translation 43STRAIN ENERGYUNIT FOURReading and Comprehension 48REINFORCED CONCRETE FRAMESReading and Practice 54STRUCTURESReading and Translation 65FORMWORK OF REINFORCED CONCRETEUNIT FIVEReading and Comprehension 69PARTS AND TYPES OF STEEL STRUCTUREReading and Practice 77BEHAVIOR OF STEEL AT EXTREME TEMPERATURESReading and Translation 84WELDING AND WELD LIMIT STATESUNIT SiXReading and Comprehension 91PROPERTIES OF FRESH CONCRETEReading and Practice 97DEFORMATIONReading and Translation 107CEMENTSUNIT SEVENReading and Comprehension 111DESIGN OF BUILDINGS AGAINST FIRE SPREADReading and Practice 117ASSESSMENT AND REPAIR OF FIRE DAMAGE TO CONCRETEReading and Translation 124GENERAL ASPECTS OF FIRE SAFETY DESIGNUNIT EIGHTReading and Comprehension 128INTRODUCTION TO SOIL MECHANICSReading and Practice 133THE SHEARING STRENGTH OF SOILReading and Translation 141THE NATURE OF SOILUNIT NINEReading and Comprehension 147FUNDAMENTALS OF FLUID FLOWReading and Practice 152FLUID STATICSReading and Translation 159COMPLEX PIPELINE SYSTEMSUNIT TENReading and Comprehension 164SURVEYINGReading and Practice 170THE RELIABILITY OF A SURVEYReading and Translation 178TRIANGULATIONUNIT ELEVENReading and Comprehension 183WHAT IS ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERINGReading and Practice 190GLOBAL WARMINGReading and Translation 199LIFE CYCLE ANALYSISUNIT TWELVEReading and Comprehension 203MOUND BREAKWATERSReading and Practice 209CAISSON FOUNDATIONSReading and Translation 216PORT PLANNING METHODS AND MODELSUNIT THIRTEENReading and Comprehension 220HIGHWAY LOCATION IN URBAN AREASReading and Practice 224STRESS CONSIDERATIONS IN CONCRETE ROAD SLABSReading and Translation 231PAVEMENT MAINTENANCE AND STRENGTHENINGUNIT FOURTEENReading and Comprehension 236BRIDGE ENGINEERING AND AESTHETICSReading and Practice 242LOADS AND LOADING GROUPSReading and Trahslation 251BASIC PHILOSOPHY OF SEISMIC DESIGNUNiT FIFTEENReading and Comprehension 255FACTORS INFLUENCING CONSTRUCTION QUALITYReading and Practice 260ESTIMATINGReading and Translation 266CONTRACTS FOR ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURALSERVICESUNIT SIXTEENReading and Comprehension 270LIBRARY ADDITION IN HISTORIC MASSACHUSETTSReading and Practice 276BROOKSIDE: A TWO-FAMILY HOUSEReading and Translation 284LIGHTING FOR SPACE DEFINITION AND VISUAL COMFORTUNIT SEVENTEENReading and Comprehension 289GROUNDWORKSReading and Practice 293SITE APPRAISAL AND ANALYSISReading and Translation 301STREET AND LOT LAYOUTUNIT EIGHTEENReading and Comprehension 309LONG-SPAN PRECAST SYSTEM FOR A SCIENCE CENTERReading and Practice 315DIRECT COST OF TALL BUILDINGSReading and Translation 322ESTHETICS OF TALL BUILDINGSUNIT NINETEENReading and Comprehension 326SKILLSReading and Practice 330THE DESIGN PROCESS IN STANDARD PRACTICEReading and Translation 339THE TRADITIONAL BUILDING PROCESSUNIT TWENTYReading and Comprehension 346FIRE PROBLEMS IN FINISHED BUILDINGSReading and Practice 351ACTIVE HVAC SYSTEMSReading and Translation 359INTRODUCTION TO CRITICAL PATH METHODPractical Writing1 Application Letter2 Business Letter3 Invitation Card4 Notice5 Resume6 Postcard7 Business Card8 Memorandum9 Advertisement10 Contract11 Laboratory Report12 Proposal Report13 Feasibility Report14 Title and Key Words15 Abstract16 Bibliography17 Degree Paper (Ⅰ)18 Degree Paper (Ⅱ)19 Degree Paper (Ⅲ)20 Academic PaperGLOSSARY

章節(jié)摘錄

　　The test is suitable for a wide range of mixes and, unlike the slump and compacting factor tests, it is sensitive to variations in workability of very dry and also air-entrained concretes. It is also more sensitive to variation in aggregate characteristicssuch as shape and surface texture. The reproducibility of results is good. As for other tests, its accuracy tends to decrease with increasing maximum size of aggregate;above 20 mm the test results become somewhat unreliable. However, BS 1881: Part104 permits its use for concrete having aggregate of maximum size up to 40 mm. Forconcretes requiring very little vibration for compaction the Vebe time is only about 3s. Such results are likely to be less reliable than for larger Vebe times because of thedifficulty in estimating the time of the end point （concrete in contact with the wholeof the underside of the plastic disc）. At the other end of the workability range, suchas with very dry mixes, the recorded Vebe times are likely to be in excess of theirtrue workability since prolonged vibration is required to remove the entrapped airbubbles under the transparent disc. To overcome this difficulty an automatic devicewhich records the vertical settlement of the disc with respect to time can be attachedto the apparatus. This recording device can also assist in eliminating human error injudging the end point. The al~paratus for the Vebe test is more expensive than thatfor the slump and compactingfactor tests, requiring an electric power supply andgreater experience in handling; all these factors make it more suitable for the precastconcrete industry and ready-mixed concrete plants than for general site use.

圖書封面

評(píng)論、評(píng)分、閱讀與下載

---

    土木工程與建筑 PDF格式下載

---