經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)專業(yè)英語

內(nèi)容概要

　　《21世紀(jì)專業(yè)英語系列教程：經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)專業(yè)英語》精選原版美英專業(yè)教材與論文，語言地道、規(guī)范，內(nèi)容邏輯嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、體系規(guī)整，有助于大學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)專業(yè)學(xué)生的專業(yè)英語學(xué)習(xí)，為雙語教學(xué)打好基礎(chǔ)?！　　?1世紀(jì)專業(yè)英語系列教程：經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)專業(yè)英語》由24個(gè)單元組成，第1單元至第3單元研究經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的含義及分類；第4單元到第7單元研究消費(fèi)需求與供給及其均衡；第8單元到第10單元研究生產(chǎn)理論和投資理論；第11單元到第14單元研究國民收入，就業(yè)與通貨膨脹；第15單元到第20單元研究財(cái)政政策和貨幣政策；第21單元到第23單元研究競(jìng)爭(zhēng)理論；第24單元研究國際貿(mào)易理論?！　×硗?，每單元均附有課文注釋及練習(xí)，幫助學(xué)生熟練地掌握課文內(nèi)容?！　　?1世紀(jì)專業(yè)英語系列教程：經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)專業(yè)英語》適于大學(xué)本科經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)及相關(guān)專業(yè)學(xué)生作為專業(yè)英語教材使用，也適用于具有一定專業(yè)知識(shí)和英語水平的讀者自學(xué)使用。

書籍目錄

Unit 1 EconomicsUnit 2 Scarcity and ChoicesUnit 3 Microeconomics Versus MacroeconomicsUnit 4 Demand and Supply:An Initial LookUnit 5 The Adjustment Mechanism:Market EquilibriumUnit 6 ConsumptionUnit 7 Consumer Demand and The Individual's Demand CurveUnit 8 Factor PricingUnit 9 The Cost of ProductionUnit 10 InvestmentUnit 11 Gross NationalProductUnit 12 Economic GrowthUnit 13 Keylssuesin UnemploymentUnit 14 Economic Effects oflnflationUnit 15 Fiscal PolicyUnit 16 Monetary PoliciesUnit 17 Money,lnterest and Output ⅠUnit 18 Money,lnterest and Output ⅡUnit 19 Money and Its CreationUnit 20 The Supply of and Demand for MoneyUnit 21 Monopoly Power and Admirustered PricesUnit 22 Monopoly,Market Power and OligopolyUnit 23 Price and Nonprice CompetitionUnit 24 Intemational TradeReference

章節(jié)摘錄

　　2 Source of Growth　　What are the sources of economic growth? Basically there are six strategic ingredients in the growth of any economy. Four of these factors relate to the physical ability of an economy to grow. They are (1) the quantity and quality of its natural resources， (2) the quantity　and quality of its human resources， (3) the supply or stock of capital resources，and (4) technology. These four items， discussed in details later， may be termed the supply factors in economic growth.These are the physical agents of greater production，including the stock of technological knowledge，which permits an economy to produce a greater real output.　　But the ability to grow and the actual realization of growth may be quite different things. Specifically， two additional considerations contribute to growth. First there is a demand factor in growth.To realize its growing productive potential，a nation must obviously provide for the full employment of its expanding supplies of resources.This requires a growing level　of aggregate expenditures. Second，there is the allocative factor in growth.To achieve its productive potential， a nation must provide not only for the full employment of its resources，but also for full production from them.The ability to expand production is not a sufficient condition for the expansion of total output. The actual employment of expanded resource supplies and the allocation of those resources in such a way as to get the maximum amount of useful goods produced are also required.　　1 Natural resoures　　Such basic resources as soil and water，minerals，and timber are obviously of primary importance to an economy.But how important are they to the process of economic growth After all，a nation's natural resources are fixed.Since growth requires more resources，doesn't this mean we must look elsewhere for the sources of growth?　Not necessarily.Remember that the critical element is the availability of resources.Things can be done to make resources more or less available.The discovery of a new oil field，for example，can change the status of a previously unavailable resource. But simply finding the oil. may not be enough. Before the Alaska pipeline was built，the oil on Alaska's North Slope was an unavailable resource. On the other hand，when President Carter signed the law designating millions of acres in Alaska as a wildemess area，this land became unavailable for certain types of uses.The arguments surrounding the desirability of this act exemplify two of the most critical questions in economic growth:1 How rapidly should our natural resources be depleted? 2)What natural resources，if any，should be kept unavailable?　　The availability of natural resources also depends on technology and other resources.Oil several miles under the ocean's surface is now available， but this was not always so.lt required development of a new oil drilling technology， construction of oil drilling rigs， and training people to operate the equipment. Similarly，if society decides that clean air is a resource which must be protected，the development of a new pollution control technology may make it possible to build refineries in areas previously closed to industrial activity.　　2 Human resources　　Changes in quantity　　Labor is a basic input for virtually all production. More labor should therefore mean greater potential output.The United States has always had a relatively high ratio of other resources to labor，and as a result the growth of the labor force has had a significant impact. Edward Denison， a leading scholar in the field， presents increases in the quantity of labor increased the rate of growth of National Income by an average of 0.67 percent a year during the period 1949 to 1973.As the nation has become more affluent，people have chosen to take more of their income in the form of leisure.Workers in the United States today put in about twelve fewer hours a week than did their great grandparents.Thus the increase in the number of people working has been partially offset by the reduction in working hours.ln order to achieve continued long-run increases in per capita GNP， output per worker or labor productivity must increase.This productivity，in turn，is affected by the quality of the labor force.　　……

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