6500詞床頭燈英語4

內(nèi)容概要

這是一個屬于海盜的時代，是個“年輕人渴望冒險，國王們渴望領(lǐng)土和財富”的大航海時代。新大陸的發(fā)現(xiàn)勾起了人們對于財富的瘋狂欲望。正是在這個時代，人類的航海業(yè)達到了空前的高峰，美洲海盜業(yè)也達到了歷史的巔峰。他們的盛衰榮辱、他們的罪惡與傳奇，都成為那個“海盜的黃金時代”不可分割的組成部分。因此，要了解海盜的歷史，就必須關(guān)注美洲海盜這一重要力量。    美國作家弗蘭克·斯塔頓（Frank R.Stockton）（834～1902）的作品《美洲海盜》（Buccaneers and Pirates of our coasts）是對這一時期美洲海盜史的真實再現(xiàn)。作者以第一人稱的手法.通過歷史紀實的方式，講述了大大小小、各具特色的17名海盜的傳奇經(jīng)歷。從美洲海盜的先驅(qū)——發(fā)現(xiàn)新大陸的哥倫布和剿滅西班牙無敵艦隊的英國皇家海盜德雷克，到具有紳士和文人氣質(zhì)的海盜作家約翰·埃斯奎默林和德·路桑，從海盜巨頭“黑胡子”蒂奇、殘暴者摩根、藏寶大盜基德。到海盜新手邦尼特，我們從他們身上不僅看到了海盜們粗野無禮、兇猛強悍、野蠻血腥的一面，同時也看到了他們勇于探索、堅毅果敢、頑強無畏，甚至是溫情人性的一面。這些各具特色的海盜故事為人們揭開了海盜世界的神秘面紗，也反映了當時“弱肉強食”的社會現(xiàn)實。    美洲海盜從產(chǎn)生的那一天起，就具有獨特的個性特點和鮮明的時代色彩。第一批在美洲海域聞名遐邇的海盜是著名的巴肯尼亞海盜（buccaneer），他們的名字來自法語單詞buccaneer，意為“熏牛肉的人”。起初這些人從英、法、荷蘭等國到達美洲并非為了搶劫，而僅僅是為尋找正當合法的生財之路。他們老實本分地從事獵殺熏烤野牛的貿(mào)易。但卻遭到西班牙殖民者的橫加阻撓與破壞。為此這些“海盜性的冒險家”便團結(jié)協(xié)作，共同結(jié)成了“海岸線上的兄弟”般的情誼，大肆劫掠破壞西班牙的商業(yè)貿(mào)易。自此一個屬于海盜的時代便緩緩拉開了帷幕。彼得大帝（Peter the Great）、皮埃爾·弗朗克斯（PierreFrancois）和葡萄牙人巴瑟勒米（Bartholemy Portuguez）等人便是這一時期最為典型的代表。然而。如果說美洲海盜是在西班牙人暴虐兇殘的迫害下催生出來的話，那么。促使美洲海盜業(yè)繁榮發(fā)展的一個重要原因則是由各國的利益競爭引發(fā)的對海上霸權(quán)的明爭暗斗。各國政府甚至以發(fā)行“特許證”的形式鼓勵私人船只攻劫敵國商船，以獲得戰(zhàn)利品采從中漁利。致使私掠船成為各國爭霸海洋的工具，為海盜行為合法化提供了重要的政治保障。有了這一保障，海盜活動更加猖獗泛濫，其足跡不但遍及美洲各個海域，而且深入到內(nèi)陸每一個富庶的城鎮(zhèn)。海盜業(yè)也迎來了空前繁榮的盛世。弗朗西斯·列奧洛諾斯（Francis L’Olonnois）和亨利·摩根（Henry Morgan）便是這一時期涌現(xiàn)出的海盜巨頭。但是。隨著各國海軍力量的增強和各國勢力范圍的重新劃分，私掠船在各國的存在價值逐步降低。此時，這些曾為國家賣命的海盜們不再受到歡迎和容忍，而成為制約國家經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的巨大阻力。為此他們便由被國家利用的雇傭兵淪落為被拋棄的犧牲品，轉(zhuǎn)而成為各國打擊的對象。海盜們便像被驅(qū)散的黃蜂，以更加強勁的攻勢和更加狂暴兇險的殺傷力。直接把矛頭指向了各個國家，包括本國在內(nèi)的所有船艦?！昂诤印钡倨妫˙lack beard Thatch）、斯蒂德·邦尼特（Stede Bonnet）、理查德·沃爾利（Richard Worley）、簡·拉斐特（Jean Lafitte）和基德船長（Captain Kidd）等是這一時期極富盛名的海盜首領(lǐng)。    在東西方文化中，海盜和航海題材一直是兼具夢幻與現(xiàn)實的一個篇章。那些神秘罪惡的海盜總能在人們的心里留下難以磨滅的痕跡。遙想當年那些海洋劫掠者們駕船搏殺的雄姿。那深邃浩淼的神秘海洋見證了他們曾經(jīng)的輝煌。如今。斯人已逝，唯有那激人遐想的傳奇故事至今仍飄蕩在風中。    那么，就讓我們一同走進這海闊天空的海盜世界吧！

書籍目錄

大膽勇猛的海盜美洲海盜的鼻祖海盜學徒彼得大帝珍珠港灣的海盜葡萄牙大盜巴瑟勒米歷險記不會游泳的海盜巴瑟勒米重整旗鼓，再度出擊海盜作家巴西人洛克的故事海盜業(yè)的黃金時代“海洋屠夫”列奧洛諾斯起死回生的海盜大開殺戒公平的報應海盜之王摩根受助于一些教徒海盜的結(jié)局摩根的艱難處境高尚的海盜紳士美洲海盜的轉(zhuǎn)變黑胡子船長登上歷史舞臺海盜魔王終成劍下鬼黑色骷髏旗下的紳士邦尼特再度崛起沙洲之戰(zhàn)六個星期的海盜生涯兩個女海盜的故事墨西哥灣海盜藏寶大盜基德船長真實的基德船長

章節(jié)摘錄

　　FROM the very earliest days of history there have been pirates， and it is， therefore， not at aU remarkable that， in the early days of the history of this continent， sea robbers should have made themselves prominent; but the buccaneers of America differed in many ways from those pirates with whom the history of the old world has made us acquainted.　　It was very seldom that an armed vessel set out from a European port for the express purpose of robbery in American waters. At first nearly all noted buccaneers were traders. But the circumstances which surrounded them in the new world made of them pirates whose evil deeds have never been surpassed in any part of the globe.　　These unusual circumstances and amazing temptations do not furnish an excuse for the exceptionally wicked careers of the early American pirates; but we are bound to remember these causes or we could not understand the records of the settlement of the West Indies. The buccaneers were fierce and reckless fellows who pursued their daring occupation because it was profitable， because they had learned to like it， and because it enabled them to effect a certain amount of violence upon the common enemy. But we must not assume that they inaugurated the piratical conquests and warfare which existed so long upon our eastern coasts.　　Before the buccaneers began their careers， there had been great masters of piracy who had opened their schools in the Caribbean Sea; and in order that the condition of affairs in this　　country during parts of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries may be clearly understood， we will consider some of the very earliest noted pirates of the West Indies.　　When we begin a judicial in quity into the condition of our fellow beings， we should try to be as polite as we can， but we must be just; consequently a man's fame and position must not turn us a- side， when we are acting as historical investigators.　　Therefore， we shall be bold and speak the truth， and although we shall take off our hats and bow very respectfully， we must still assert that Christopher Columbus was the first who practiced piracy in American waters.　　When he sailed with his three little ships to discover unknown lands， he was an authorized explorer for the court of Spain， and was bravely sailing forth with an honest purpose， and with the same regard for law and justice as is possessed by any explorer of the present day. But when he discovered some unknown lands， rich in treasure and outside of all legal restrictions， the views and ideas of the great discoverer gradually changed. Being now beyond the boundaries of civilization， he also placed himself beyond the boundaries of civilized law. Robbery， murder， and the destruction of property， by the commanders of naval expeditions， who have no warrant or commission for their conduct， is the same as piracy， and when Columbus ceased to be a lawful explorer， and when， against the expressed wishes of the royal persons who had sent him out on this expedition， he began to ruin the countries he had discovered， and to kill their peaceful natives and make them into slaves， then he became a master in piracy， from whom the buccaneers afterward learned many a valuable lesson.　　……

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　　《6500詞床頭燈英語學習讀本：海盜（英漢對照）》特色：　　難度適中：市面上大多數(shù)英語讀物，要么難度過低，近似于中學水平的簡寫本；要么過于艱深，讀者只好“知難而退”。對于中高級英語學習者而言，難度適中的英語讀物的匱乏，實在是他們英語水平進一步提高的一大障礙。本套讀物用英語中核心6500詞寫成，對于難詞均有注釋，使你躺在床上不用翻詞典就能順利地讀下去，在不知不覺中走向英語自由境界?！　≌Z言地道：美國作家執(zhí)筆，用流暢的現(xiàn)代英語寫成，并保留了原著的語言特色。　　選材經(jīng)典：皆為一生中不可不讀的作品，讀之可提高英語水平、積淀西方文化和深入了解西方世界?！　∏楣?jié)曲折：讓你徜徉在一個又一個迥異奇妙的書中世界。

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