6500詞床頭燈英語(yǔ)4

內(nèi)容概要

這是一個(gè)屬于海盜的時(shí)代，是個(gè)“年輕人渴望冒險(xiǎn)，國(guó)王們渴望領(lǐng)土和財(cái)富”的大航海時(shí)代。新大陸的發(fā)現(xiàn)勾起了人們對(duì)于財(cái)富的瘋狂欲望。正是在這個(gè)時(shí)代，人類(lèi)的航海業(yè)達(dá)到了空前的高峰，美洲海盜業(yè)也達(dá)到了歷史的巔峰。他們的盛衰榮辱、他們的罪惡與傳奇，都成為那個(gè)“海盜的黃金時(shí)代”不可分割的組成部分。因此，要了解海盜的歷史，就必須關(guān)注美洲海盜這一重要力量。    美國(guó)作家弗蘭克·斯塔頓（Frank R.Stockton）（834～1902）的作品《美洲海盜》（Buccaneers and Pirates of our coasts）是對(duì)這一時(shí)期美洲海盜史的真實(shí)再現(xiàn)。作者以第一人稱(chēng)的手法.通過(guò)歷史紀(jì)實(shí)的方式，講述了大大小小、各具特色的17名海盜的傳奇經(jīng)歷。從美洲海盜的先驅(qū)——發(fā)現(xiàn)新大陸的哥倫布和剿滅西班牙無(wú)敵艦隊(duì)的英國(guó)皇家海盜德雷克，到具有紳士和文人氣質(zhì)的海盜作家約翰·埃斯奎默林和德·路桑，從海盜巨頭“黑胡子”蒂奇、殘暴者摩根、藏寶大盜基德。到海盜新手邦尼特，我們從他們身上不僅看到了海盜們粗野無(wú)禮、兇猛強(qiáng)悍、野蠻血腥的一面，同時(shí)也看到了他們勇于探索、堅(jiān)毅果敢、頑強(qiáng)無(wú)畏，甚至是溫情人性的一面。這些各具特色的海盜故事為人們揭開(kāi)了海盜世界的神秘面紗，也反映了當(dāng)時(shí)“弱肉強(qiáng)食”的社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)。    美洲海盜從產(chǎn)生的那一天起，就具有獨(dú)特的個(gè)性特點(diǎn)和鮮明的時(shí)代色彩。第一批在美洲海域聞名遐邇的海盜是著名的巴肯尼亞海盜（buccaneer），他們的名字來(lái)自法語(yǔ)單詞buccaneer，意為“熏牛肉的人”。起初這些人從英、法、荷蘭等國(guó)到達(dá)美洲并非為了搶劫，而僅僅是為尋找正當(dāng)合法的生財(cái)之路。他們老實(shí)本分地從事獵殺熏烤野牛的貿(mào)易。但卻遭到西班牙殖民者的橫加阻撓與破壞。為此這些“海盜性的冒險(xiǎn)家”便團(tuán)結(jié)協(xié)作，共同結(jié)成了“海岸線上的兄弟”般的情誼，大肆劫掠破壞西班牙的商業(yè)貿(mào)易。自此一個(gè)屬于海盜的時(shí)代便緩緩拉開(kāi)了帷幕。彼得大帝（Peter the Great）、皮埃爾·弗朗克斯（PierreFrancois）和葡萄牙人巴瑟勒米（Bartholemy Portuguez）等人便是這一時(shí)期最為典型的代表。然而。如果說(shuō)美洲海盜是在西班牙人暴虐兇殘的迫害下催生出來(lái)的話，那么。促使美洲海盜業(yè)繁榮發(fā)展的一個(gè)重要原因則是由各國(guó)的利益競(jìng)爭(zhēng)引發(fā)的對(duì)海上霸權(quán)的明爭(zhēng)暗斗。各國(guó)政府甚至以發(fā)行“特許證”的形式鼓勵(lì)私人船只攻劫敵國(guó)商船，以獲得戰(zhàn)利品采從中漁利。致使私掠船成為各國(guó)爭(zhēng)霸海洋的工具，為海盜行為合法化提供了重要的政治保障。有了這一保障，海盜活動(dòng)更加猖獗泛濫，其足跡不但遍及美洲各個(gè)海域，而且深入到內(nèi)陸每一個(gè)富庶的城鎮(zhèn)。海盜業(yè)也迎來(lái)了空前繁榮的盛世。弗朗西斯·列奧洛諾斯（Francis L’Olonnois）和亨利·摩根（Henry Morgan）便是這一時(shí)期涌現(xiàn)出的海盜巨頭。但是。隨著各國(guó)海軍力量的增強(qiáng)和各國(guó)勢(shì)力范圍的重新劃分，私掠船在各國(guó)的存在價(jià)值逐步降低。此時(shí)，這些曾為國(guó)家賣(mài)命的海盜們不再受到歡迎和容忍，而成為制約國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的巨大阻力。為此他們便由被國(guó)家利用的雇傭兵淪落為被拋棄的犧牲品，轉(zhuǎn)而成為各國(guó)打擊的對(duì)象。海盜們便像被驅(qū)散的黃蜂，以更加強(qiáng)勁的攻勢(shì)和更加狂暴兇險(xiǎn)的殺傷力。直接把矛頭指向了各個(gè)國(guó)家，包括本國(guó)在內(nèi)的所有船艦。“黑胡子”蒂奇（Black beard Thatch）、斯蒂德·邦尼特（Stede Bonnet）、理查德·沃爾利（Richard Worley）、簡(jiǎn)·拉斐特（Jean Lafitte）和基德船長(zhǎng)（Captain Kidd）等是這一時(shí)期極富盛名的海盜首領(lǐng)。    在東西方文化中，海盜和航海題材一直是兼具夢(mèng)幻與現(xiàn)實(shí)的一個(gè)篇章。那些神秘罪惡的海盜總能在人們的心里留下難以磨滅的痕跡。遙想當(dāng)年那些海洋劫掠者們駕船搏殺的雄姿。那深邃浩淼的神秘海洋見(jiàn)證了他們?cè)?jīng)的輝煌。如今。斯人已逝，唯有那激人遐想的傳奇故事至今仍飄蕩在風(fēng)中。    那么，就讓我們一同走進(jìn)這海闊天空的海盜世界吧！

書(shū)籍目錄

大膽勇猛的海盜美洲海盜的鼻祖海盜學(xué)徒彼得大帝珍珠港灣的海盜葡萄牙大盜巴瑟勒米歷險(xiǎn)記不會(huì)游泳的海盜巴瑟勒米重整旗鼓，再度出擊海盜作家巴西人洛克的故事海盜業(yè)的黃金時(shí)代“海洋屠夫”列奧洛諾斯起死回生的海盜大開(kāi)殺戒公平的報(bào)應(yīng)海盜之王摩根受助于一些教徒海盜的結(jié)局摩根的艱難處境高尚的海盜紳士美洲海盜的轉(zhuǎn)變黑胡子船長(zhǎng)登上歷史舞臺(tái)海盜魔王終成劍下鬼黑色骷髏旗下的紳士邦尼特再度崛起沙洲之戰(zhàn)六個(gè)星期的海盜生涯兩個(gè)女海盜的故事墨西哥灣海盜藏寶大盜基德船長(zhǎng)真實(shí)的基德船長(zhǎng)

章節(jié)摘錄

　　FROM the very earliest days of history there have been pirates， and it is， therefore， not at aU remarkable that， in the early days of the history of this continent， sea robbers should have made themselves prominent; but the buccaneers of America differed in many ways from those pirates with whom the history of the old world has made us acquainted.　　It was very seldom that an armed vessel set out from a European port for the express purpose of robbery in American waters. At first nearly all noted buccaneers were traders. But the circumstances which surrounded them in the new world made of them pirates whose evil deeds have never been surpassed in any part of the globe.　　These unusual circumstances and amazing temptations do not furnish an excuse for the exceptionally wicked careers of the early American pirates; but we are bound to remember these causes or we could not understand the records of the settlement of the West Indies. The buccaneers were fierce and reckless fellows who pursued their daring occupation because it was profitable， because they had learned to like it， and because it enabled them to effect a certain amount of violence upon the common enemy. But we must not assume that they inaugurated the piratical conquests and warfare which existed so long upon our eastern coasts.　　Before the buccaneers began their careers， there had been great masters of piracy who had opened their schools in the Caribbean Sea; and in order that the condition of affairs in this　　country during parts of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries may be clearly understood， we will consider some of the very earliest noted pirates of the West Indies.　　When we begin a judicial in quity into the condition of our fellow beings， we should try to be as polite as we can， but we must be just; consequently a man's fame and position must not turn us a- side， when we are acting as historical investigators.　　Therefore， we shall be bold and speak the truth， and although we shall take off our hats and bow very respectfully， we must still assert that Christopher Columbus was the first who practiced piracy in American waters.　　When he sailed with his three little ships to discover unknown lands， he was an authorized explorer for the court of Spain， and was bravely sailing forth with an honest purpose， and with the same regard for law and justice as is possessed by any explorer of the present day. But when he discovered some unknown lands， rich in treasure and outside of all legal restrictions， the views and ideas of the great discoverer gradually changed. Being now beyond the boundaries of civilization， he also placed himself beyond the boundaries of civilized law. Robbery， murder， and the destruction of property， by the commanders of naval expeditions， who have no warrant or commission for their conduct， is the same as piracy， and when Columbus ceased to be a lawful explorer， and when， against the expressed wishes of the royal persons who had sent him out on this expedition， he began to ruin the countries he had discovered， and to kill their peaceful natives and make them into slaves， then he became a master in piracy， from whom the buccaneers afterward learned many a valuable lesson.　　……

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　　《6500詞床頭燈英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)讀本：海盜（英漢對(duì)照）》特色：　　難度適中：市面上大多數(shù)英語(yǔ)讀物，要么難度過(guò)低，近似于中學(xué)水平的簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)本；要么過(guò)于艱深，讀者只好“知難而退”。對(duì)于中高級(jí)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者而言，難度適中的英語(yǔ)讀物的匱乏，實(shí)在是他們英語(yǔ)水平進(jìn)一步提高的一大障礙。本套讀物用英語(yǔ)中核心6500詞寫(xiě)成，對(duì)于難詞均有注釋?zhuān)鼓闾稍诖采喜挥梅~典就能順利地讀下去，在不知不覺(jué)中走向英語(yǔ)自由境界?！　≌Z(yǔ)言地道：美國(guó)作家執(zhí)筆，用流暢的現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)成，并保留了原著的語(yǔ)言特色。　　選材經(jīng)典：皆為一生中不可不讀的作品，讀之可提高英語(yǔ)水平、積淀西方文化和深入了解西方世界?！　∏楣?jié)曲折：讓你徜徉在一個(gè)又一個(gè)迥異奇妙的書(shū)中世界。

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