史學專業(yè)英語

內(nèi)容概要

本教材通過世界歷史和中國歷史兩條主線，以為學生提供一本編年簡史類的專業(yè)英語教材。書中的選材涉及了政治、經(jīng)濟、戰(zhàn)爭、條約、宗教、科學技術、文化思想等廣泛的領域；教材精選了部分原始文檔，節(jié)選了部分國外和國內(nèi)著名歷史學家和政治家的英文原版論著和英譯名著，強化了史學的學術性和英語語言的學術性。本教材分兩大部分：世界史22章，中國史12章。每章開始簡單介紹本章涵蓋內(nèi)容，主體由兩部分組成：A．某段通史資料；B．文獻史料或論著節(jié)選。隨后有歷史和語言難點的注釋，最后是思考問答題和翻譯練習題。

作者簡介

高芳英，碩士，1956年生，女，江蘇蘇州人。歷史學教授。先后畢業(yè)于蘇州大學、美國克利夫蘭州立大學，1996年、1999年、2002年赴美國、英國留學和訪學。主要從事世界史的教學和研究工作，專業(yè)重點是美國史和近現(xiàn)代世界經(jīng)濟史，出版專著《星條旗下的陰影——美國百年經(jīng)濟發(fā)展中的社會問題探析》、編著《世界地理大發(fā)現(xiàn)》，在《世界歷史》、《江海學刊》、《史林》等核心期刊發(fā)表論文幾十篇，科研成果多次獲得市廳級二、三等獎，被蘇州市政府列為跨世紀人才?，F(xiàn)任蘇州大學社會學院歷史系副主任、世界史專業(yè)碩士生導師、中國日本史學會常務理事兼對外交流分會會長，江蘇省世界史研究會副會長。范菊華，博士1962年生，男，江蘇蘇州人。歷史學副教授。先后從事中小學英語教學，大學英語和歷史專業(yè)教學，并先后獲英語語言文學碩士和歷史學博士學位，現(xiàn)任蘇州大學社會學院歷史系碩士生導師，承擔世界歷史，當代國際關系和史學專業(yè)英語等課程的教學。研究方向為二十世紀國際關系、國際關系史學與理論，主治西方國際關系理論和全球氣候變化，出版專著《國際制度的建構主義分析》，在《世界經(jīng)濟與政治》、《現(xiàn)代國際關系》、《國外社會科學》、《讀書》等刊物發(fā)表論文數(shù)篇。

書籍目錄

PrefacePart One Western CivilizationⅠ The Ancient World: Foundations of the West To A. D. 500   1 The Ancient Near East: The First Civilizations   2 The Greeks: From Myth to Reason   3 The Romans: From City-State to World Empire   4 Early Christianity: A World ReligionⅡ The Middle Ages: The Christian Centuries A. D. 500～1400   5 The Rise of Europe: Fusion of Classical, Christian, and German Traditions   6 The Flowering of Medieval Civilization: The Christian SynthesisⅢ The Rise of Modernity: From the Renaissance to the Enlightenment 1350 ～1789   7 Transition to the Modern Age: Renaissance and Reformation   8 Political and Economic Transformation: National States, Overseas Expansion,Commercial Revolution   9 Intellectual Transformation: The Scientific Revolution and the Age of EnlightenmentⅣ The Modern West: From the Bourgeoisie Revolution to the Industrial Age 1640～1914   10 The Triumph of England's Parliament: Constitutional Monarchy and Cabinet Government   11 The American Revolution: Independence and Civil War   12 The Era of the French Revolution: The Affirmation of Liberty and Equality   13 Ferment of Ideas: Romanticism, Conservatism, Liberalism, Nationalism   14 The Industrial Revolution: The Transformation of Society   15 Europe in the Industrial Age: Modernization and ImperialismⅤ Western Civilization in Crisis: World Wars and Totalitarianism 1914～1945   16 World War I: The West in Despair   17 The Soviet Union: Modernization and Totalitarianism   18 The Era of Fascism: The Attack on Reason and Freedom   19 World War II: Western Civilization in the BalanceⅥ The Contemporary World: The Global Age Since 1945   20 Europe After 1945: Recovery, Realignment, Division   21 U.S. After 1945: Hegemonic Position   22 The New Globalism: Problems and ProspectsPart Two Chinese CivilizationⅠ Ancient Chinese Civilization: One of the Four Great Ancient Civilizations   1 Four Great Inventions: the Compass, Gunpowder, Papermaking,and Printing   2 Three Schools of Thoughts in Ancient: Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism   3 The First Emperor of Imperial China: Qin Shi Huangdi   4 The Greatest Dynasty of Imperial China: Hen Dynasty   5 The Classical Literature: The Poetry in Tang and Song DynastiesⅡ Emergence of Modern China: The Semi-Colonial and Semi-Feudalism China   6 The Opium War: Western Powers Arrive   7 The Growing up of the Chinese Modem History: The Self-Strengthening Movement   8 The Revolution of 1911 : Turning Point in Modern Chinese HistoryⅢ Modern Chinese Polities: From “Dark” to ”Bright”   9 The New Culture Movement: the Basis for May Fourth Movement   10 Rise of the Communists: Leader Mao Zedong   11 Anti-Japanese War: Kuomintang and CCP United Front Against Japan   12 Civil War: the Triumph of Communist PartyMain ReferencesPostscript

章節(jié)摘錄

A．The PolisAfter the upheavals that ended the Mycenaean period and the slow recovery of prosperityduring the Dark Age，the Greeks developed their basic political and institutional unit，thepolis or city-state．The details of this development are largely lost，but by the end of theDark Age the polis was common throughout Greece．Rarely did there．occur the combination of extensive territory and political unity that allowed one polis to rise above others．Onlythree city-states were able to muster the resources of an entire region behind them：Sparta，which dominated the regions of Laconia and Messenia；Athens，which united the large peninsula of Attica under its rule；and Thebes，which in several periods marshaled theresources of the fertile region of Boeotia．Otherwise，the political pattern of ancient Greece was one of many small city-states，few of which were much songer or richer than their neighbors．Physically the term polls designated a city or town and its surrounding countryside．Thetypical polis consisted of people living in a compact group of houses within the city．The city’s water supply came from public fountains and cisterns．By the fifth century B．C．the city was generally surrounded by a wall．The city contained a point，usually elevated，called the“acropolis．”and a public square or marketplace（agora）．On the acropolis，which in the early period was a place of refuge，stood the temples，altars，public monuments，and various dedications to the gods of the polis．The agora was originally the place where the warrior assembly met，but it became the political center of the polis．In the agora were porticoes，shops，and public buildings and courts．The polis was far more than a political institution．Above all it was a community of citizens．a(chǎn)nd the affairs of the community were the concern of all citizens．The intimacy ofthe polis was an important factor，one hard for modern city dwellers to imagine．The philosopher Plato thought that five thousand citizens constituted the ideal population for a polis．Though utopian，Plato was not in this case being unrealistic．Although populationfigures for Greece are mostly guesswork，because most city-states were small enough not to need a census．the polis of Thebes in Boeotia is a useful illustration of how small a Greek state was．When Alexander the Great destroyed Thebes in 335 B．C．，he sold thirty thousand people into slavery．Some six thousand people had died in the fighting，and many others he spared．Thus the free population of Thebes had numbered between thirty and forty thousand at most，and Thebes was a large polis，a major power．

后記

本教材的編寫得益于我在美國的留學。在美國克利夫蘭大學留學期間，接觸到了許多世界歷史的原始資料，專業(yè)英語的水平也有了很大的提高。美國克利夫蘭大學歷史系曾贈送給我系一些歷史書籍，正是有了這些寶貴的專業(yè)書籍，才使教材的編寫比較順利。今天在教材完稿之際，要特別感謝我美國的老師和這些書籍的作者。另外，我的同事范菊華老師，是獲得英語語言文學碩士和歷史學博士學位的雙料學者，我們倆的合作為本教材的順利編寫奠定了重要的基礎。本教材各章編寫分工如下：世界史部分：第1－9，11，13，21章，高芳英；第10，12，14－20章的簡單介紹和A部分及部分注釋和思考問答題，高芳英；第10，12，14－20章的B部分及部分注釋和翻譯練習題，范菊華；第22章，范菊華。中國史部分：第l－6章，范菊華；第6－12章，高芳英。前言和后記，高芳英。

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