第二屆植保機(jī)械與施藥技術(shù)國際學(xué)術(shù)研討會論文集

內(nèi)容概要

隨著國家農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)政策的不斷深化，特別是農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)的不斷推進(jìn)，勢必加速中國農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的現(xiàn)代化、集約化和規(guī)?；倪M(jìn)程。因此，現(xiàn)代化植保機(jī)械、高科技含量的農(nóng)藥及新型農(nóng)藥使用技術(shù)的推廣應(yīng)用成為推動中國現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的必由之路。第二屆植保機(jī)械與施藥技術(shù)國際學(xué)術(shù)研討會結(jié)合了近年來全世界及中國的農(nóng)藥、植保、藥械與施藥技術(shù)專家的科研成果，同時邀請中國各級植保站、藥械生產(chǎn)廠家、農(nóng)藥及葉面肥生產(chǎn)廠家等國內(nèi)外各界有志之士歡聚一堂，共同探討現(xiàn)代化的植保技術(shù)，就植保機(jī)械的現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展方向、農(nóng)藥配方及各種助劑的應(yīng)用、農(nóng)藥及肥料利用率的提升與施藥技術(shù)進(jìn)行深度交流和研討，增進(jìn)相互之間的了解，促進(jìn)多方面合作，共同為植保事業(yè)的發(fā)展獻(xiàn)計獻(xiàn)策。     本書收錄了圍繞大會4個主題的各個方面的原始研究論文或綜述性文章。

書籍目錄

Part One  第一部分　A Study of Dosage Adj ustment for Pesticide Application in Vineyards　Dosage Adj ustment for Pesticide Application in Orchards and Vineyards　Canopy Related Dosing and Spray Application in Top Fruit—Influence on Target Coverage　Field Measurements of Spray Drift Potential in Strawberry　Potential Operator Exposure when Spraying in a Strawberry and Raspberry Tunnel System versus a 　Conventional Open Field　On—line Mixing Pesticide Technology on Variable Rate Spray　Simulation of Spraying Bar with Oblique Rope TeeJet Nozzle Design and Atomizing Techniques　Drift mitigation in fruit crops—airflow adj ustment is the answer！　Seeing is believing—enhancing the Pygmalion effect  Computer Simulation of Spray Droplet and Canopy Interactions to Minimise Environmental and Public Health Risk of Pesticides　A global survey on the performance of side lever knapsack sprayers when judged by ISO 19932　The Discovery and Application of Spinosad，a Green Insecticide  Current situation and development trends of chemical application techniques for arable crops in Europe  Decision support for plant protection with use of mobile devices　Research Present State of Orchard Air-assisted Spray Technology in China　Develop On Automatic Testing And Controlling System of the Fan Performance　Spray pesticide constant pressure controlled system design in mountainous orchard  WEB-based Intelligent Diagnosis System for Cotton Diseases Control  Research on the sprayer chassis systems used in the high-density orchard  Visual servoing system used in agriculture  Structural analysis of droplets from anti-drift nozzle　The progress on applied techniques of boomsprayer in Heilongjiang Province　Study of deposition efficiency under different collection devices　The Application of Electrolyzed Water on plant protection　The numerical simulation of pesticide recycling system with rotary air curtain　Measurement method of spray droplet size and velocity　Experimental Study of Droplets Deposition and Distribution of Air—assisted Spraying of Disk Fan  Development of Automatically Infrared Detection Sprayer based on Color Recognition　Research on target Agrochemical Spray Robot in Greenhouse　A walking self-propelled high space boom sprayer　Research on Spout Atomizing Performance of Air—blast Sprayer for Grasshopper Control　Studied on the atomization characteristics of the gas—liquid two—phase inducting 　Research Progresses on Spraying Nozzles in Plant Protection Machinery　Study on Effects on Two Different Flow Deflector Structures of Duct Flow Field　Study on air-flowing distribution character of greenhouse air“assisted sprayer based on CFD　Research on Influence of Crop Canopy Structure on Droplets Deposit Distribution　Study on the Relationship Between Three Kinds of Pesticides Concentration and BSF　……Part Two  第二部分Other　其他

章節(jié)摘錄

　　我國農(nóng)藥的有效利用率極低，大約有60％～80％的農(nóng)藥因使用不當(dāng)而浪費(fèi)。施藥后到達(dá)害蟲靶標(biāo)的量不足使用量的1％，只有約0.03％的藥劑起到殺蟲作用，防治效果不盡理想。為了達(dá)到更好的噴殺效果，農(nóng)民總是盲目加大用藥量，甚至隨意混配藥劑，增加用藥次數(shù)，使農(nóng)藥的用量不斷上升。在我國農(nóng)村普遍采用高容量噴霧技術(shù)，這種噴霧技術(shù)不僅不利于藥效的發(fā)揮，而且造成藥液大量流失。農(nóng)藥的使用技術(shù)是當(dāng)前農(nóng)產(chǎn)品高效安全生產(chǎn)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。只有研究和推廣農(nóng)藥精準(zhǔn)使用技術(shù)，才能從源頭上解決農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的安全性問題，才能在保證防治效果的前提下大幅度減少農(nóng)藥用量，從而大幅度降低農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)成本，提高農(nóng)產(chǎn)品品質(zhì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益，更好地保護(hù)農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)環(huán)境，實現(xiàn)農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展?！　?影響農(nóng)藥利用率的主要因素　　影響農(nóng)藥利用率低的主要原因是藥液在靶標(biāo)作物上的沉積量，影響藥液在靶標(biāo)植物上的沉積量的因素很多。藥液的pH值、表面張力、黏度等對霧滴的形成以及霧滴能否在靶標(biāo)植物上沉積有很大影響；靶標(biāo)植物葉片的形態(tài)、大小、生長方向及表面蠟質(zhì)（表面蠟質(zhì)的組成與結(jié)構(gòu)隨葉片的生長發(fā)育階段及環(huán)境條件而異）等會影響藥液的沉積；靶標(biāo)植物葉片面積與芽面積的比例、子葉面積與葉片面積的比例以及葉片的互相覆蓋程度等對藥液沉積也有影響；噴霧器械的施藥液量、產(chǎn)生的霧滴大小以及對霧滴云的推力也影響藥液的沉積。

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