西方管理史

內(nèi)容概要

和平與發(fā)展是當(dāng)今世界的兩大主題。經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，國(guó)力的增強(qiáng)，人民生活水平的提高已成為祖國(guó)建設(shè)的當(dāng)務(wù)之急，因此管理學(xué)日益凸現(xiàn)其重要的指導(dǎo)意義。在這種情況下，學(xué)習(xí)、研究和應(yīng)用管理學(xué)就很自然了。除去古代樸素的管理思想，這門科學(xué)，即真正意義上的現(xiàn)代管理學(xué)主要形成、發(fā)展和繁榮是在近現(xiàn)代西方。這本《西方管理史》的目的就在于提供一本較為系統(tǒng)、全面地介紹西方管理思想發(fā)展過程的教科書，以滿足廣大研究者、學(xué)生和管理實(shí)踐者了解和理解這一過程的需要。本書的價(jià)值還在于這是一本用英語(yǔ)編寫的教材，不僅在最大程度上保留了西方文化的底蘊(yùn)，也為讀者提高個(gè)人英語(yǔ)素養(yǎng)提供了有效的途徑。編者一方面期盼本書能幫助讀者系統(tǒng)地學(xué)習(xí)西方管理思想，從中受到啟發(fā)教育，進(jìn)而為發(fā)展適合我國(guó)國(guó)情的管理思想起到勢(shì)磚引玉的作用，另一方面也希望廣大學(xué)生和愛好者借此機(jī)會(huì)直接感受英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言的魅力，適應(yīng)全球化時(shí)代文化交流的需要。

書籍目錄

CONTENTS PART Ⅰ The Earliest Beginning   1 Management in Ancient Civilizations     2 Management During the Middle Ages   3 A Managerial Awaking PART Ⅱ The Classical School of Management   1 Scientific Management     2 Administrative Management   3 Bureaucracy Management     4 Offshoots of Classic Management PART Ⅲ On Behavior Western Management Theories of Behavioral Sciences   1 Behavioral Sciences Theories   2 fiuman Relafions Theorles-Eatly Behavieral Selences     3 Individual Behavior Theories     4 Organizational Behavioral Theories PART Ⅳ The Modern Era Contemporary Western Management Theory   1 The Social System School     2 Decision Theory School   3 The Theory of Systems Management     4 The Empirical School   5 The Contingency (Situational) Approach     6 Management Science Supplementary Reading Appendix 　Appendix Ⅰ (附錄Ⅰ)     Appendix Ⅱ (附錄Ⅱ)   Appendix Ⅲ (附錄Ⅲ)     Appendix Ⅳ （附錄Ⅳ） 　Appendix Ⅴ (附錄Ⅴ) References

章節(jié)摘錄

2.1  Feudalism and the Middle AgesRenaissance writers coined the phrase "Middle Ages" to refer to what occurred from the decline of Rome to the Renaissance period. Between about 600 and 1500——the rough opening and closing dates of the Middle Ages——too many different things happened to be characterized in any single way. The ideas and institutions of western civilization derive largely from the turbulent events of the Early Middle Ages and the rebirth of culture in later years. The Middle Ages may be studied profitably both for their own intrinsic interest and for the fundamental contributions they made to the development of the modern world.In the late Roman period, slavery became uneconomical: the upkeep of slaves was costly and they showed no particular enthusiasm for their work. The abolition of slavery came not with moral progress but with economic change. Development of free people as tenant farmers proved to be more economical. The growth of large estates and the political disorder following the fall of Rome led to economic, social, and political chaos, ripe for the emergence of the feudal system.Feudalism as a cultural system prevailed from about 600 C.E. to about 1500 C.E. At the base of the feudal system was the serf who tilled a plot of land owned by the manorial lord, much like modern sharecropper. Serfs were given military protection in exchange for a portion of the products of his labors. The feudal system tied people to the land, fixed rigid class distinctions, established an age of landed aristocracy that was to endure to the Industrial Revolution, forced education to a standstill, made poverty and ignorance the hallmark of the masses, and completely stifled human progress until the age of reformation. It is no wonder that some historians prefer to call this period "the Dark Ages".

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