早期希臘政治思想

前言

序言The passages printed in this book are for the most part short, andmany of them are fragmentary. They have all been the subject offar more scholarly research than can be aired in this format. Wehave tried to provide sufficient explanatory material for students toreach a basic understanding of the texts. Those who wish to gofurther may consult the Bibliographical Note. All readers shouldbe warned that nothing presented here is beyond controversy. We have been generous in our selection of texts. Some texts ofdoubtful authenticity that nevertheless represent pre-Platonic politi-cal thought have been included, Some texts have been chosen notbecause of what they say about political theory, but for the lightthey shed on other texts that are directly relevant to our themes.Questions of authenticity are mentioned in the notes when theyarise. We have arranged our texts by genre, with the sophists atthe end. We exclude texts representing the thought of Socrates,who will be the subject of another volume in this series. For achronology of authors and events, see below, pp. xxxii-xxxv. Unlessotherwise indicated, all our dates are BCE. The translations aim at clarity and accuracy, and for the mostpart follow the structure of the original Greek. Translations ofGreek verse are roughly line-for-line, and verse passages are pro-vided with the Greek line numbers for convenient reference.Important words such as dike（"justice"） are translated as consist-ently as possible throughout.

內(nèi)容概要

　　《早期希臘政治思想：從荷馬到智者》是劍橋政治思想史原著系列之一。本叢書囊括了所有著名的經(jīng)典原著，但與此同時，它又擴展了傳統(tǒng)的評價尺度，以便能夠納入范圍廣泛、不那么出名的作品。每一本書都有一個評論性的導(dǎo)言，加上歷史年表、生平梗概、進一步閱讀指南，以及必要的詞匯表和原文注解。

書籍目錄

PrefaceIntroductionPrincipal datesBibliographical noteGlossaryTable of equivalentsPart I: Early poetryHomerHesiodArchilochusTyrtaeusSolonTheognisHymn to HephaestusSimonidesXenophanesPindarPart II: TragedyAeschylusSophoclesEuripidesOther tragic fragmentsPart III: History and folkloreHerodotusThucydidesThe Old OligarchAesopPart IV: Philosophy and scienceHeraclitusDemocritusMedical writers from the Hippocratic corpusAntisthenesPart V: SophistsProtagorasGorgiasProdicusHippiasAntiphonThrasymachusEvenusCritiasLycophronAlcidamasAnonymus lamblichiDissoi LogoiFrom unknown authorsIndex

章節(jié)摘錄

You must guard against this if you are to deliberate wisely, andyou must not think it unseemly for you to submit to a city of suchgreat power, which offers such reasonable conditions - to be ourallies, and to enjoy your own property under tribute to us. Youare being #oven a choice between war and survival: do not makethe wrong decision out of a passion for victory. Remember whatis usually the best course: do not give way to equals, but have theright attitude towards your superiors and use moderation towardsyour inferiors. So think about this when we withdraw from themeeting, and keep this often in your mind: you are consideringwhat to do for your country - your only country - and this onediscussion will determine whether it meets success or failure. [12] So the Athenians withdrew from the conference, and theMelians, left to themselves, decided on much the same position asthey had taken in the debate. Then the Melians answered asfollows:Mclians" Athenians, our resolution is no different from what itwas before: we will not, in a short time, give up the liberty inwhich our city has remained for the seven hundred years since itsfoundation. We will trust in the fortune of the gods, which haspreserved it up to now, and in the help of men - the Spartans -and we will do our best to maintain our liberty. We offer this,however: we will be your friends; we will be enemies to neitherside; and you will depart from our land, after making whatevertreaty we both think fit. [II3] That was the answer of the Melians. As they broke offthe conference, the Athenians said:Athenians: It seems to us, on the basis of this discussion, thatyou are the only men who think you know the future more dearlythan what is before your eyes, and who, through wishful thinking,see doubtful events as if they had already come to pass. You havestaked everything on your trust in hope, good. fortune, and theSpartans; and you will be ruined in everything. ……

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