國家公派留學(xué)人員英語統(tǒng)考教材 閱讀

前言

　　國家大量地派科研人員、大學(xué)教師、管理干部出國進(jìn)修或攻讀碩士、博士學(xué)位，是改革開放的一個重要組成部分。教育部旗下的十一個出國留學(xué)人員培訓(xùn)部（以下簡稱“出國部”）既是改革開放的受益者，也積極地參與了國家公派留學(xué)人員出國前的外語培訓(xùn)工作，為改革開放做出了貢獻(xiàn)?！　楸ＷC公派留學(xué)人員的英語水平能夠達(dá)到在國外學(xué)習(xí)、生活的要求，國家先后嘗試了多種選拔、培訓(xùn)方式。從20世紀(jì)80年代的English Proficiency Test（EPT），到后來的Visiting Scholar rrest（VST）、Public English Testing System Level 5（PETS5）等，直至今日的“公派留學(xué)人員英語統(tǒng)考”（以下簡稱“統(tǒng)考”），目的只有一個：讓英語“過關(guān)”的人直接出國，讓英語還欠火候的人培訓(xùn)后達(dá)到要求再出國。　　目前執(zhí)行的申請國家留學(xué)獎學(xué)金的方法是，業(yè)務(wù)審評由相關(guān)專業(yè)的專家負(fù)責(zé)；在英語水平評價方面，申請人需參加.PETS5考試（每年舉行兩次，見教育部考試中心網(wǎng)頁）。如果總分達(dá)到60分，聽力達(dá)到18分，口語達(dá)到3分，就可以拿到“合格證”。國家留學(xué)基金管理委員會規(guī)定，如果總分達(dá)到55分，聽力達(dá)到18分，口語達(dá)到3分，就視為英語合格，可以出國。如果不參加PETs5考試，或參加考試但未達(dá)到上述標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，就可以到某個出國部參加培訓(xùn)，并參加學(xué)期末舉行的統(tǒng)考。統(tǒng)考合格的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是：總分達(dá)到90分（滿分160），聽力達(dá)到20分（滿分40），口語達(dá)到18分（滿分30）?！　〗y(tǒng)考于2004年6月首次舉行。這個考試于每學(xué)期末在九個出國部（大連外國語學(xué)院和同濟大學(xué)的出圍留學(xué)人員培訓(xùn)部沒有英語培訓(xùn)）同時舉行，統(tǒng)一命題，統(tǒng)一閱卷，只面向各出國部的學(xué)員，不向社會開放。換言之，想?yún)⒓咏y(tǒng)考的話，必須先到某個出國部參加脫產(chǎn)培訓(xùn)。

內(nèi)容概要

《國家公派留學(xué)人員英語統(tǒng)考教材》專為準(zhǔn)備參加國家公派留學(xué)人員英語統(tǒng)考的考生編寫，含聽力、口語、閱讀、寫作四冊。幫助考生熟悉考試形式和內(nèi)容，提高英語聽、說、讀、寫能力，掌握應(yīng)試技巧，為順利通過考試奠定基礎(chǔ)。    《閱讀》分冊內(nèi)容分為三大部分：    第一部分：學(xué)習(xí)篇。學(xué)習(xí)基礎(chǔ)閱讀策略，包括運用構(gòu)詞法猜測詞義、運用上下文線索猜測詞義、英語知識綜合運用。    第二部分：訓(xùn)練篇。包括閱讀考試題型分析和22篇文章的閱讀訓(xùn)練。    第三部分：測試篇。含6套閱讀模擬試題。    本書提供閱讀訓(xùn)練及模擬試題的詞匯和參考答案。

書籍目錄

Part One Learning（學(xué)習(xí)篇）  Chapter 1 Word Attack Skills（1）--Morphology（運用構(gòu)詞法猜測詞義）  Chapter 2 Word Attack Skills（2）--Context Clues（運用上下文線索猜測詞義）  Chapter 3 Use of English（綜合運用）  Sample Exercise  ExercisesPart Two Practising（訓(xùn)練篇）  Chapter 4 Looking for Answers（尋找答案）  Sample Passage  Types of Questions  Chapter 5 Reading Practice（閱讀訓(xùn)練）  Shorter Passages    Passage 1：The Science of Consumer Behavior    Passage 2：Milk“EssentiaI in Pregnancy”    Passage 3：Switching CoIleges Is Common but Takes a Toll    Passage 4：Asian Tsunami Disaster    Passage 5：Insects CouId Save Lives    Passage 6：Target：London--Again    Passage 7：A Quick Solution On Sports Fields    Passage 8：A Market Doubles--Overnig ht    Passage 9：Live Poultry Banned in the Chinese CapitaI    Passage 10：Putting a Lock on CDs    Passage 11：You Are Not Getting Older，Just Your DNA    Longer Passages    Passage 12：Bridge Puts Recycled Plastic to UnusuaI Use    Passage 13：Preventive Parenting    Passage 14：News from the Schools    Passage 15：Altered States    Passage 16：Ambition--Why Some People Are More Likely to Succeed    Passage 17：The Transformation of Marriage    Passage 18：Surgery Might Be a Cure    Passage 19：Wild Fish Catch Hits Limit    Passage 20：Dogged Pursuit    Passage 21：Hurricanes    Passage 22：Cancer  VocabularyPart Three Testi ng（測試篇）  Chapter 6 Tests（測試題）  Test 1    Passage 1：Baby Elephant    Passage 2：Cars and Motoring    Passage 3：Grass Makes Better Ethanol than Corn Does    Passage 4：Everyone Is a Journalist  Test 2    Passage 1：Reservoirs of Water Found beneath Antarctic Ice    Passage 2：Amnesiacs Struggle to Imagine Future Events    Passage 3：Finally，the Free Lunch?    Passage 4：Prison Violence OnTest 3    Passage 1：Why a Lion Is Smaller than an Elephant    Passage 2：Older but Mellower    Passage 3：To Cleanse a Poisoned Land    Passage 4：First AlertTest 4    Passage 1：Self-Healing Cars    Passage 2：The Politics of Playtime    Passage 3：A Human Butterfly    Passage 4：The Mystery of the Deep SeaTest 5    Passage 1：Diamond--Not Just a Pretty Rock    Passage 2：Sweetness and Fight    Passage 3：More than Adoption    Passage 4：Are We Alone in the Universe?  Test 6    Passage 1：Going to Extremes    Passage 2：Pacifier News Not Soothing    Passage 3：Screening for Terrorism    Passage 4：Love  Vocabulary  Key（答案）

章節(jié)摘錄

　　The Transformation of Marriage　　A Surely ours is not the first time in modern history when efforts have been made toredefine traditional marriage. The communal " group marriage " of the 1960s and theindividualistic "open marriage" of the 1970s each challenged the notion of a nonnegotiablecontract between one woman and one man. The frequency of cohabitation, whether as a prelude toor as a substitute for a ceremony with legal force, has further undermined the concept of wedlockas a discrete and distinctive state. All of these challenges, however, were or are predicated upona relationship that is heterosexual, fashioned upon the Adam-and-Eve template. The most recentand radical challenge to traditional marriage, however, rejects this religious template.　　B Inspired by the activism in the 1960s that secured political and economic rights forblacks and women, American gays and lesbians mobilized to end what they viewed as thediscriminatory practice of granting marriage licenses only to heterosexual couples. As law professorWilliam N. Eskride Jr. has stated in his book, The Case for Same-Sex Marriage: "Marriage is themost important right the state has to offer, in part because being married entails dozens ofassociated rights, benefits, and obligations under state and federal law. " these pertain to suchmatters as parenthood, property ownership, guardianship, and inheritance.　　C Outside the United States, however, efforts to legitimize same-sex marriage have metwith more success. In 2001, the Netherlands became the first nation in the world to provide civilmarriage ceremonies for homosexual couples. In 2003, Belgium followed suit. And in 2002 and2003, courts in three Canadian provinces ruled that the denial of marriage to same-sex couplesconstituted a violation of Canadas Charter of Rights.　　D The exploration of outer space may result in the colonization of planets——and thepotential for the sexual union of human beings and aliens. While the reports of individualabductions here on Earth for the purpose of reproductive experiments may rightly or wrongly bedismissed as delusional, the intent of the people of Earth to explore the universe in search ofextraterrestrial life is a practical reality. Whether such extraterrestrial life exists, or whetherexplorers from Earth will ever encounter it and mate with it, cannot be known at present, but thepossibility surely exists. Under what jurisdictions, if any, such marriages will occur, and withwhat biological and social consequences, can also not be known.

編輯推薦

　　本書專為準(zhǔn)備參加國家公派留學(xué)人員英語統(tǒng)考閱讀考試的考生而編寫。通過本書的學(xué)習(xí)，考生可以了解和熟悉國家公派留學(xué)人員英語統(tǒng)考閱讀考試的形式和內(nèi)容，練習(xí)和掌握瀏覽、快讀、細(xì)讀等閱讀策略和方法，加快閱讀速度，為順利通過考試奠定基礎(chǔ)。三、章節(jié)安排　　本書共分三章，第一章為學(xué)習(xí)篇，含三個單元；第二章為訓(xùn)練篇，含兩個單元；第三章為測試篇，含6套測試題。書后提供練習(xí)和測試題的參考答案。

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