明喻和暗喻的認(rèn)知?jiǎng)討B(tài)研究

內(nèi)容概要

　　在我們使用的語(yǔ)言中“比較”幾乎無(wú)處不在，“明喻”和“隱喻”正是學(xué)者們賜予“比較”這一極為普通的語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象的兩個(gè)學(xué)名。對(duì)明喻和隱喻的研究歷史悠久，在歐洲可以追溯到古希臘時(shí)代，甚至更早。不過(guò)對(duì)一般的語(yǔ)言使用者來(lái)說(shuō)，在進(jìn)行比較時(shí)用明喻還是用隱喻完全是一個(gè)自發(fā)的，可以說(shuō)是無(wú)意識(shí)的選擇，很少有人會(huì)在使用前先認(rèn)真想一想該用明喻還是隱喻，只有學(xué)者們才會(huì)設(shè)法對(duì)這種看上去是無(wú)意識(shí)的選擇作出合理的解釋。在我的學(xué)生時(shí)代，老師對(duì)這兩者的區(qū)別所給的解釋是“用like或as的就是明喻，否則就是隱喻”，當(dāng)然這只是個(gè)高度簡(jiǎn)單化的、最最表層的識(shí)別方式。在這兩個(gè)學(xué)名下面隱藏著許多亟待有識(shí)之士去挖掘和發(fā)現(xiàn)的真理。本書(shū)的作者郭愛(ài)萍女士便是其中之一?！　?duì)于明喻和隱喻的異同，學(xué)界存在兩種相反的觀點(diǎn)，即兩者或同或異，但本書(shū)作者卻贊同異同論。不過(guò)這并不是折中主義的立場(chǎng)，作者認(rèn)為對(duì)明喻或隱喻的選擇是語(yǔ)言使用者心理活動(dòng)的結(jié)果，而影響這個(gè)心理活動(dòng)過(guò)程的是一系列相關(guān)因素，包括語(yǔ)言的和使用者個(gè)人的心理認(rèn)知方面的因素。為了給自己的論點(diǎn)尋找支持，作者對(duì)三百多名大學(xué)生進(jìn)行了問(wèn)卷調(diào)查，并做了定量分析以證明這些因素的存在以及它們對(duì)比較方式的選擇所起的作用。

作者簡(jiǎn)介

郭愛(ài)萍(1967-)，女，山西太原人。先后就讀于山西大學(xué)、西安交通大學(xué)和上海外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)，獲英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)博士學(xué)位。現(xiàn)任太原理工大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院外國(guó)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)研究所所長(zhǎng)、副教授，碩士生導(dǎo)師。主要從事的研究領(lǐng)域?yàn)閷?duì)比語(yǔ)言學(xué)和認(rèn)知語(yǔ)言學(xué)。近五年來(lái)在《外語(yǔ)教學(xué)》、《山東外語(yǔ)教學(xué)》等外語(yǔ)類核心刊物發(fā)表論文十余篇，出版《普通語(yǔ)言學(xué)》專著一部，參編普通高等教育“十一五”國(guó)家級(jí)規(guī)劃教材兩部，主持及參與國(guó)家級(jí)、省部級(jí)科研項(xiàng)目十余項(xiàng)，并獲省邵級(jí)科研獎(jiǎng)兩項(xiàng)。

書(shū)籍目錄

AbStract 摘要Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Impetus of the study 1.2 Assumptions about simile and metaphor1.3 Purpose and rationale of the study1.4 Theoretical foundation of the studv1.5 Research methodology1.6 The organization of the dissertationChapter 2 Definitions of Simile and Metaphor and Some Related Notions2.1 Definitions of simile and metaphor2.1.1Simile in relation to metaphor2.1.2Simile as a version of metaphor2.2 Different names for topic and vehicle 2.3 Typical and atypical structures 2.4Identification of simile and metaphor2.5 SummaryChapter 3 Comparison between Simile,Metaphor and Their Literal Counterparts3.1 Indirect process and direct processChapter 4 A Sruvey of the Relationship between Simile and MetaphorChapter 5 Research DescriptionChapter 6 Experiments and Analyses

章節(jié)摘錄

版權(quán)頁(yè)：插圖：The distinction between simile and metaphor is among the oldestand most widely recognized issues in rhetorical theory. It is also one ofthe most tenuous. For many analysts it is, in fact, a distinction almostwithout a difference. As Aristotle puts it in his Rhetoric （III, 4）, "thesimile also is a metaphor ... the difference is but slight" （see Braun,1992）.  Traditionally,  what difference there is has been seen as amatter of form: a simile, so the story goes, simply makes explicit whata metaphor merely implies. Since the difference between the two isapparently so superficial, theorists have tended to define one figure interms of the other.  Most of the modern-day dictionaries adopt suchviews in the definition of simile and metaphor.Take Webster's New World Dictionary.  It defines simile as "afigure of speech in which one thing is likened to another dissimilarthing by the use of like, as, etc. "（p. 1250）, and a metaphor as "afigure of speech containing an implied comparisons, in which a wordor phrase ordinarily and primarily used of one thing is applied toanother"（p. 852） .Richards, J. Platt and H. Platt （1992）,  in their LongmanDictionary of Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics,  definesimile as an expression in which something is compared to somethingelse by use of a function word such as like or as, and a metaphor as acomparison without such words.These definitions, which are fairly typical of what one finds indictionaries  and  rhetorical  handbooks,   share  some  commoncharacteristics. One is that both are expressions that use words not intheir literal sense but to produce a fanciful or vivid impression. Theother is that both of them involve some form of comparison, a certain.

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《明喻和暗喻的認(rèn)知?jiǎng)討B(tài)研究》是博士外語(yǔ)學(xué)術(shù)專著金黃色系列之一。

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