敘事策略與歷史重構(gòu)

內(nèi)容概要

　　《敘事策略與歷史重構(gòu)：威廉·斯泰倫歷史小說研究》采用歷史一傳記的研究方法，探討斯泰倫兩部歷史小說的主題和創(chuàng)作意義；通過細(xì)讀文本梳理了作家重構(gòu)歷史的敘事策略；使用史學(xué)理論說明反思?xì)v史、重構(gòu)歷史的積極意義，并應(yīng)用相關(guān)的主體和身份建構(gòu)理論、創(chuàng)傷理論和敘事學(xué)理論分析小說人物的塑造。　　《敘事策略與歷史重構(gòu)：威廉·斯泰倫歷史小說研究》的引言概述了作家斯泰倫進(jìn)行文學(xué)創(chuàng)作的時(shí)代背景，簡要地分析了作家文學(xué)創(chuàng)作的3個(gè)階段及其特點(diǎn)，以及集中研究他的兩部歷史小說的價(jià)值和意義?！　〉谝徽率紫缺嫖隽恕皻v史”的兩種內(nèi)涵，然后論述了有關(guān)理論和學(xué)說對(duì)歷史再現(xiàn)功能的質(zhì)疑，并繼而指出文學(xué)是重構(gòu)人類歷史的另一有效手段，歷史小說尤其肩負(fù)這一重任。在此基礎(chǔ)上，《敘事策略與歷史重構(gòu)：威廉·斯泰倫歷史小說研究》分析了斯泰倫在作品中重構(gòu)歷史時(shí)所使用的敘事策略，及其在重構(gòu)歷史中所體現(xiàn)出的歷史觀和撰史觀?！　〉诙轮饕治鏊固﹤愒凇都{特？特納的自白》中如何重構(gòu)一部白人和黑人共同的歷史。斯泰倫立足于現(xiàn)實(shí)，通過重述歷史人物——黑人奴隸納特·特納——個(gè)人的歷史來重新審視奴隸制，重構(gòu)生活在奴隸制社會(huì)中白人與黑人的歷史。該章首先分析作家如何顛覆傳統(tǒng)歷史文本中納特·特納的形象，然后使用敘事學(xué)、身份建構(gòu)等理論，闡述作家如何將抽象化、模式化的歷史人物塑造得栩栩如生，并賦予他以獨(dú)立的人格、完整的身份和人性的光輝。納特·特納一生經(jīng)歷了建立個(gè)人身份、集體身份和敘述身份的歷程；并最終認(rèn)識(shí)到人與人之間、白人和黑人之間，唯有博愛、諒解才能解決沖突，并獲得自我的救贖，暴力只能加深個(gè)人的信仰危機(jī)和生存危機(jī)。　　第三章分析作家在《蘇菲的選擇》中重構(gòu)的關(guān)于納粹“大屠殺”事件的無以言說的歷史。本章指出，斯泰倫通過講述蘇菲在奧斯威辛集中營和隨后來到美國的生活經(jīng)歷來反觀和重新解讀“大屠殺”；作家以此為契機(jī)，記錄了小說敘述者通過了解蘇菲的過去，深受教育而成長的歷程；同時(shí)，《敘事策略與歷史重構(gòu)：威廉·斯泰倫歷史小說研究》分析了蘇菲的雙重身份：她既是受害者，同時(shí)又具備納粹同謀的一些特征；還分析了納粹分子身上表現(xiàn)出來的人性因素，從而探討了小說對(duì)善與惡二元對(duì)立并存關(guān)系的理解。

作者簡介

　　曾傳芳（1968——），文學(xué)博士，英語副教授，四川外語學(xué)院出國培訓(xùn)部副主任。1999—2000年在英國留學(xué)，獲諾丁漢大學(xué)英語語言文學(xué)碩士學(xué)位；2004—2007年在上海外國語大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)，獲英語語言文學(xué)博士學(xué)位。已在《四川外語學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)》、《外國文學(xué)研究》等刊物上發(fā)表論文10余篇。

書籍目錄

IntroductionChapter One History and the Reconstruction of History1.1 “History” and “the past”1.2 Fiction：An alternative to represent the past1.3 William Tyron's narrative strategies towards the reconstruction of historyChapter Two The Confessions of Nat Turner：Reconstructing the Common History of the White and Black2.1 Nat Turner in the traditional historical narratives2.2 Nat Turner in the Confessions of Nat Turner2.3 The reconciliation between the white and the black：Thevoiceofthe1 960sChapter Three Sophie's Choice：Reconstructing the Unspeakable History of the Holocaust3.1 Silence-The most fitting response to the Holocaust?3.2 Reconstructing Sophie's history3.3 Juxtaposing Auschwitz with the quotidian3.4 Defining the evil of the Holocaust in pursuit of redemptionConclusionAppendixⅠAppendixⅡWorksCited

章節(jié)摘錄

　　The context of a scientific model， historians could be seen as serious contenders for an objective truth， which could ultimately be reached through the application of proper procedures. The confident scientific approach towards history continued largely unabated through the twentieth century. The pattern was set at the century's beginning by J.B. Bury. He announced the divorce of history from her traditional humanities partners. The subject， he claimed， had “begun to enter in to closer relations with the sciences， which deal objectively with the facts of the universe.”1　　Indisputably both Aristotelian and Thucydides' approach to history are idealistic and optimistic. Their view of history presupposes that there is a past reality or the existence of a unitary historical truth waiting to be discovered and described. The historian works with amend like a mirror， clear， gleaming-bright， accurately centered， displaying the shape of things just as he receives them； thus perfect correspondences between the past and historical accounts can be attained. So by virtue of the traditional his stereographical belief， the past can be retrieved and constructed as it really was in the corresponding historical narratives and texts. Nevertheless such traditional confidence in historian's access to history， and the description of the approaches employed by historians， have increasingly come to seem somewhat over-simplistic and untrue， as the developments both within and outside the discipline of history begin to reveal what has remained unknown.　　……

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