機械工程材料

內(nèi)容概要

《機械工程材料(雙語版)》主要包括兩部分：第一部分是基礎(chǔ)部分，包括材料的性能、結(jié)構(gòu)與組織，相圖與相變，使學(xué)生一般性地建立材料的成分、組織、性能及工藝間的聯(lián)系；第二部分是應(yīng)用部分，介紹常用材料的成分、組織、性能及工藝間聯(lián)系，也是對第一部分知識的鞏固。每一章節(jié)前面以通俗的例子開始，逐漸引人專業(yè)概念，每章最后有供學(xué)生討論的問題，以使學(xué)生迅速建立材料的科學(xué)基礎(chǔ)，同時將所學(xué)知識盡可能與實際和應(yīng)用相結(jié)合，提高分析問題和解決問題的能力。全書由齊民統(tǒng)稿并最后定稿。

書籍目錄

Chapter 0  Introduction  緒論
  0.1 Materials Science and Engineering  材料科學(xué)與工程
  0.2 Major Classes of Materials  材料的分類
  0.3 Materials in Engineering  工程中的材料
  Questions and discussions
  重點內(nèi)容概述
Chapter 1 Properties of Materials  材料的性能
  1.1 Mechanical Properties of Materials  材料的力學(xué)性能
    1.1.1 Strength and Plasticity of Materials  材料的強度與塑性
    1.1.2 Hardness  硬度
    1.1.3 Impact Toughness  沖擊韌性
    1.1.4 Fatigue  疲勞
    1.1.5 Fracture Toughness  斷裂韌性
    1.1.6 Viscoelasticity  滯彈性
  1.2 Physical Properties of Materials  材料的物理性能
    1.2.1 Density  密度
    1.2.2 Thermal Properties  熱性能
  1.3 Chemical Properties of Materials  材料的化學(xué)性能
    1.3.1 Corrosion  腐 蝕
    1.3.2 Oxidation  氧化
  1.4 Process Properties of Materials  材料的工藝性能
    1.4.1 Casting  鑄造性
    1.4.2 Forming  鍛造性
    1.4.3 Joining Process  連接工藝
    1.4.4 Machining  機加工性
  Questions and discussions
  重點內(nèi)容概述
Chapter 2 Structures of Materials  材料的結(jié)構(gòu)
  2.1 Atomic Scale Structure in Materials  材料的原子結(jié)構(gòu)
    2.1.1 Ionic Bonding  離子鍵
    2.1.2 Covalent Bonding  共價鍵
    2.1.3 Metallic Bonding  金屬鍵
    2.1.4 Van der Waals Bonding  范德瓦爾斯鍵
  2.2 Crystal Structure in Materials  材料的晶體結(jié)構(gòu)
    2.2.1 Lattices and Unit Cells  晶格和晶胞
    2.2.2 Typical Metallic Crystal Structures  典型的金屬晶體結(jié)構(gòu)
  2.3 Crystal Defects  晶體缺陷
    2.3.1 Point Defects  點缺陷
    2.3.2 Linear Defects  線缺陷
    2.3.3 Planar and Volume Defects  面缺陷和體缺陷
  2.4 Diffusion  擴散
    2.4.1 Diffusion Mechanisms  擴散機制
    2.4.2 Rate of Diffusion  擴散速率
    2.4.3 Factors Affecting Diffusion 影響擴散的因素
  Questions and discussions
  重點內(nèi)容概述
Chapter 3 Phase Equilibrium and Phase Diagrams  相平衡和相圖
  3.1 Crystallization Process of Pure Metals  純金屬的結(jié)晶過程
    3.1.1 Cooling Curve of Pure Metals  純金屬的冷卻曲線
    3.1.2 Nucleation and Growth of Crystal in Liquid
Metal液體金屬中晶體的形核與生長
    3.1.3 Allotropy Transformations  同素異構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)變
  3.2 Phase Diagram of Two Component System  二元系相圖
    3.2.1 The Binary Isomorphous Diagram  二元勻晶相圖
    3.2.2 The Binary Eutectic Phase Diagram  二元共晶相圖
    3.2.3 The Binary Peritectic Phase Diagram  二元包晶相圖
    3.2.4 Binary Phase Diagram with Intermetalljc Compound 
具有金屬間化合物的二元相圖
    3.2.5 The Binary Eutectoid Phase Diagram  二元共析相圖
    3.2.6 General Rules for Analyzing Phase Diagram  分析相圖的一般原則
  3.3 Fe-C Phase Diagram  鐵-碳相圖
    3.3.1 Analysis of Fe-C Phase Diagram  鐵-碳相圖分析
    3.3.2 Equilibrium Crystallization Process of Typical Fe-C
Alloys 典型鐵-碳合金的平衡結(jié)晶過程
    3.3.3 Influence of C Contents on Microstructure and Properties
of Fe-C Alloys  碳含量對鐵-碳合金微觀組織與性能的影響
  3.4 Solidification Under Practical Condition實際條件下的凝固
    3.4.1 Grain Size After Practical Solidification  實際凝固后的晶粒尺寸
    3.4.2 Dendritic Segregation During Isomorphous Transformation 
勻晶轉(zhuǎn)變過程中的枝晶偏析
  ……
Chapter 4 Plastic Deformation and Strengthening  塑性變形與強化
Chapter 5 Siructure and Microstructure Transformation During
Thermai Process  熱過程的結(jié)構(gòu)與微觀組織轉(zhuǎn)變
Chapter 6 Steels for Engineering工程用鋼
Chapter 7 Cast Irons  鑄鐵
Chapter 8 Nonferrous Metals and Alloys  有色金屬及合金
Chapter 9 Ceramics for Engineering  工程陶瓷
Chapter 10 Polymers for Engineering  工程高分子
Chapter 11 Composite Materials for Engineering  工程復(fù)合材料
Appendix  附錄
Key Terms  關(guān)鍵術(shù)語中文解釋
References  參考文獻

章節(jié)摘錄

　　Forming operations are those that the shape of a metal piece is changed by plasticdeformation; for example,forging,rolling,extrusion,and drawing are common formingtechniques. Of course,the deformation must be induced by an external force or stress,the magnitude of which must exceed the yield strength of the material. Most metallicmaterials are especially amenable to these procedures,being at least moderately ductileand capable of some permanent deformation without cracking or fracturing.　　When deformation is achieved at a temperature above which recrystallization oc-curs,the process is termed hot working（Section 7. 12）, otherwise,it is cold working.With most of the forming techniques,both hot-and cold-working procedures are possi-ble. For hot-working operations,large deformations are possible,which may be succes-sively repeated,because the metal remains soft and ductile. Also,deformation energy re-quirements are less than that for cold working, However,most metals experience somesurface oxidation, which results in material loss and a poor final surface finish. Cold　　working produces an increase m strength with the attendant decrease in ductility,sincethe metal strain hardens; advantages over hot working include a higher quality surfacefinish,better mechanical properties,and closer dimensional control of the finished piece.On occasion,the total deformation is accomplished in a series of steps in which the pieceis successively cold worked a small amount and then process annealed However,this isan expensive and inconvenient procedure.　　……

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