固體中的介電弛豫(影印版)

內(nèi)容概要

本書是研究固體中介電弛豫現(xiàn)象的專著，被電介質(zhì)領(lǐng)域的許多研究者奉為經(jīng)典。作者提出在所有固體介質(zhì)中存在普適的分數(shù)指數(shù)弛豫定律，其觀點在學(xué)術(shù)界經(jīng)歷了從不被理解到廣泛接受的曲折過程。書中介紹了介質(zhì)極化的基礎(chǔ)知識和介電函數(shù)的表述方法，在此基礎(chǔ)上討論了幾種理想化模型的的動態(tài)響應(yīng)特征，結(jié)合頻域響應(yīng)和時域響應(yīng)的多種實驗現(xiàn)象，總結(jié)提出了介電弛豫的多體普適模型。     全書行文流暢、簡明扼要，可作為物理、電子、材料、電氣等相關(guān)專業(yè)的教師、研究生和科研人員的參考書。精讀此書有助于深入、全面地理解電介質(zhì)、半導(dǎo)體、電池及其他電子元器件測量中的實驗結(jié)果。

書籍目錄

Preface Useful Physical Constants Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION   1.1  Dielectrics and insulators   1.2  The nature of dielectric response   1.3  The purpose and scope of the present treatment   References to Chapter 1 Chapter 2 THE  PHYSICAL  AND  MATHEMATICAL  BASIS  OF DIELECTRIC POLARISATION   2.1  Charges, dipoles and chemical bonds   2.2  Dielectric polarisation   2.3  Polarisation in static electric fields     a)  Orientational polarisation - freely floating dipoles     b)  Molecular polarisability - induced dipole moment     c)  Orders of magnitude of dipole moments and polarisabilities     d)  Polarisation by hopping charge carriers   2.4  Effect of particle interactions   2.5  Time-dependent dielectric response   2.6  Frequency-domain response   2.7  Permittivity, conductivity and loss   2.8  Kramers-Kronig relations   Appendix 2.1  Fourier transform of the convolution integral   Appendix 2.2  Computer programs for Kramers-Kronig transformation C--* G and G--* C   References to Chapter 2 Chapter 3  PRESENTATION OF DIELECTRIC FUNCTIONS   3.1  Introduction   3.2  Admittance, impedance, permittivity   3.3  More complicated equivalent circuits     i)  Series R-C in parallel with C~     ii)  Resistance in series with parallel G--C combination     iii)  Capacitance in series with parallel G--C combination     iv)  Two parallel circuits in series     v)  Distributed R-C line   3.4  Summary of simple circuit responses   3.5  Logarithmic impedance and admittance plots   3.6  The response of a "universal" capacitor   3.7  Representation in the complex permittivity plane   3.8  Representation of the temperature dependence   Appendix 3.1  Time domain, rotating vectors and frequency domain   Appendix 3.2  Inversion in the complex plane   References to Chapter 3 Chapter 4  THE DYNAMIC RESPONSE OF IDEALISED PHYSICAL MODELS   4.1  Introduction                                    4.2  The harmonic oscillator   4.3  An inertialess system with a restoring force     ii)  Schottky barriers and p-n junctions     iii)  Charge generation~recombination processes     iv)  Trapping phenomena   4.8  Diffusive transport   4.9  Concluding comments   Appendix 4.1  The complex susceptibility of an inertialess system with a restoring force   Appendix 4.2  Relaxation of "free" charge   References to Chapter 4 Chapter 5  EXPERIMENTAL  EVIDENCE  ON  THE  FREQUENCYR ESPONSE   5.1  Introduction   5.2  Near-Debye responses   5.3  Broadened and asymmetric dipolar loss peaks     a)  Polymeric materials     b)  Other dipolar systems     c)  Dipolar response at cryogenic temperatures     d)  Characterisation of dielectric loss peaks   5.4  Dielectric behaviour of p-n junctions   5.5  Dielectric response without loss peaks     a)  Charge carriers in dielectric materials     b)  Alternating current conductivity of hopping charges     c)  Fast ionic conductors   5.6  Strong low-frequency dispersion   5.7  Frequency-independent loss   5.8  Superposition of different mechanisms   5.9  Survey of frequency response information   References to Chapter 5 Chapter 6  EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE ON THE TIME RESPONSE   6.1  The role of time-domain measurements   6.2  The significance of loss peaks in the time--domain   6.3  The Hamon approximation   6.4  Evidence for inertial effects   6.5  Long-time behaviour in low-loss polymers   6.6  Detection on non-linearities by time--domain measurements   6.7  Contribution of charge carriers to the dielectric response   6.8  Other charge carrier phenomena     a)  Charge injection and surface potential     b)  Energy loss arising from the movement of charges     c)  Dispersive charge flow     d)  Charge carrier systems with strong dispersion   6.9  Conclusions regarding time--domain evidence     a)  The presence to two power laws     b)  The temperature dependence of the universal law     c)  Limiting forms of response at "zero" and "infinite" times     d)  The Debye "singularity"     e)  Time--dom   7.2  Distributions of relaxation times (DRT‘s)   7.3  Distributions of hopping probabilities   7.4  Correlation function approaches   7.5  Local field theories   7.6  Diffusive boundary conditions   7.7  Interracial phenomena and the Maxwell-Wagner effect   7.8  Transport limitation at the boundaries   7.9  The need for an alternative approach   References to Chapter 7 Chapter 8  THE MANY-BODY UNIVERSAL MODEL OF DIELECTRIC RELAXATION   8.1  The conditions for the occurrence of the universal  response   8.2  A descriptive approach to many-body interaction     a)  The screened hopping model     b)  The role of disorder in the dielectric response     c)  The correlated states     d)  "Large" and "small" transitions   8.3  The infra-red divergence model     a)  The inapplicability of exponential relaxation in time     b)  Physical concepts in infra-red divergence     c)  The Dissado-Hill model of "large" and "small" transitions     d)  The small flip transitions     e)  Fluctuations or flip-flop transitions     f)  The complete analytical development of relaxation   8.4  The consequences of the Dissado-Hill theory     a)  The significance of the loss peak     b)  The temperature dependence of the loss peak     c)  Dipole alignment transitions     d)  The exponents m and n     e)  The temperature dependence of the "flat" loss     f)  The narrow range of ac conductivities   8.5  Clustering and strong low-frequency dispersion   8.6  Energy relations in the many-body theory     a)  Stored energy in the static and transient regimes     b)  Transfer of energy to the heat bath     c)  Dielectric and mechanical loss   8.7  The dynamics of trapping and recombination in semiconductors   8.8  Dielectric diagnostics of materials   8.9  Conclusions   Appendix 8.1  The infra-red divergence   References to Chapter 8 Author Index Subject index

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