中國文化簡介
出版時間：2011-8 出版社：吉林大學出版社 作者：孫太群 等 著 頁數(shù)：285
內(nèi)容概要
20世紀下半葉以來，經(jīng)濟全球化所導(dǎo)致的文化和語言的全球化已成為勢不可擋的一股潮流。在全世界5（300多種語言中，英語已成為一種多國、多文化、多民族、多功能的世界通用語言。哲學家海德格爾說：“語言是存在之居所。”語言學家錢冠連認為：“語言是人類最后的家園。”那么，在我們的存在之居所、精神之家園中，民族文化如何傳承？大學應(yīng)擔負何種使命？我國高校英語教育到底又該如何切入與發(fā)展呢？ 全球化是當今時代最重要的社會現(xiàn)象，也是每一個國家和民族都必須面對的現(xiàn)實。在英語國際化的背景下，如何合理地設(shè)置英語課程，直接關(guān)系到國家外語方針的貫徹、人才培養(yǎng)目標能否實現(xiàn)等問題。以色列著名語言學家BernardSpolsky認為，亞洲各國應(yīng)根據(jù)本土實際情況來制定教學目標和方針。他說：“在全球化的進程中，亞洲各國要根據(jù)各自的實際情況來制定符合本國英語教學和其他重要語言教學的目標和方針……過去人們總是以英美國家的教學目標和方針作為藍本，現(xiàn)在我們不能再這樣做了。英美國家無權(quán)，也不可能決定亞洲各國應(yīng)該怎么教英語……現(xiàn)在將英語作為第二語言或外語的人群要比將英語當成第一語言的人群大得多……各國國情不同，使用英語的目的也不盡相同，根據(jù)國情來制定本國的教學目標和方針才是明智的……”（鄭新民，2006：77）新加坡前任聯(lián)合國大使說：“在國外，當開口講英語的時候，我希望我的同胞能輕易地辨認出我是新加坡人?！薄 ￠L期以來，我國的英語教育撇開母語及母語文化而獨行，無論是英語教育大綱的制定者，還是外語教育工作者，對母語及母語文化在外語教學中所起的作用都缺乏足夠的認識，過多地強調(diào)母語在英語學習中的負遷移，錯誤地認為英語學習就是要擺脫母語的影響。事實上，語言是有共性的，世間萬物之間既有矛盾的一面，又有統(tǒng)一的一面。語言的共性決定了母語既是英語學習不可缺少的基礎(chǔ)，又是可以利用的資源之一，這也是英語學習中母語正遷移的作用所在。
書籍目錄
Chapter One China in General and Its Symbol1.1 A Brief Introduction of China1.2 Great Symbol Dragon （Long）Exercise OneChapter Two Ancient Chinese ttistory2.1 Prehistoric Times2.2 Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties2.3 Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period2.4 Qin Dynasty2.5 Han Dynasty2.6 Three Kingdoms2.7 Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties2.8 Sui and Tang Dynasties2.9 Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms2.10 Song Dynasty2.11 Yuan, Ming and Qing DynastiesExercise TwoChapter Three Modern and Contemporary Chinese History3.1 Republic of China3.2 People's Republic of ChinaExercise ThreeChapter Four Chinese Philosophy and Religions4.1 Philosophy4.2 ReligionsExercise FourChapter Five Chinese Language, Characters and Inventions5.1 Language5.2 Characters5.3 Four Great InventionsExercise FiveChapter Six Chinese Literature6.1 Mythology6.2 Legends6.3 Literature of Pre-Qin Period6.4 Literature o~ Han Dynasty6.5 Literature from Tang and Song to Yuan Dynasty6.6 Fiction in Ming and Qing Dynasties6.7 Modern and Contemporary LiteratureExercise SixChapter Seven Chinese Art7.1 Calligraphy and Painting7.2 Opera7.3 Music and Dance7.4 HandicraftExercise SevenChapter Eight Chinese Architecture8.1 Development of Chinese Architecture8.2 Classifications of Chinese Architecture8.3 General Features of Chinese Architecture8.4 Unique Architecture in ChinaExercise EightChapter Nine Chinese Clothing and Diet9.1 Traditional Dress9.2 Modern and Contemporary Clothing9.3 Wine and Alcohol9.4 Tea9.5 Food and Food CultureExercise NineChapter Ten Popular Traditional Chinese Festivals10.1 Spring Festival10.2 Lantern Festival10.3 Tomb-Sweeping Day10.4 Dragon Boat Festival10.5 Double Seventh Festival10.6 Mid-Autumn Festival10.7 Double Ninth FestivalExercise TenChapter Eleven An Overview of Chinese Education11.1 Ancient Chinese Education11.2 Today's Chinese EducationExercise ElevenSupplementary Reading An Overview of Putian CityAppendix 1 Chronological Chart of Chinese DynastiesAppendix 2 Map of the WorldAppendix 3 Map of ChinaKey References后記
章節(jié)摘錄
Clever and deft craftspeople are remarkably good at cutting, using the themes of daily life. Their works remain true-to-life expressions of the figure's sentiment and appearance, or they are a realistic portrayal of plants and animals' diverse actions. Although other art forms, like painting, can also show similar scenes, papercutting still stands out for its charm, with exact lines and ingenious patterns that are all hand-made. Chinese culture has always tried to imbue symbolism in many things. Papercuts are no ex-ception. They can reflect many aspects of life, like a prosperous atmos-phere, healthy people and a bountiful harvest year. For example, for a wed-ding ceremony, a cutting of two big red characters Xi, meaning "doublehappiness", is a traditional "must" and a required decoration on the tea set,the dressing table glass, the newlyweds' door and other furniture to indicatethe merry atmosphere. ……
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