悅讀聯(lián)播.英美文化讀本（中學(xué)第2冊）

前言

　　學(xué)習(xí)英語必須了解英美文化，因為語言是文化的組成部分，是文化的載體，兩者息息相關(guān)。大量事實表明，語言理解的障礙往往不在語言結(jié)構(gòu)本身，而在　相關(guān)文化知識的缺乏。何謂文化從廣義來說，文化是人類在社會和歷史發(fā)展進(jìn)程中創(chuàng)造的物質(zhì)財富和精神財富的總和，包括文學(xué)、藝術(shù)、音樂、科學(xué)、技術(shù)、哲學(xué)、地理、建筑等。從狹義來說，文化是人們的生活方式、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣、行為準(zhǔn)則等。所有這些，都需要用語言表達(dá)。英語有句名言：想要掌握兩種語言，必須掌握兩種文化。（To be bilingual，One must be bicultural.）英美文化對于廣大的英語學(xué)習(xí)者的重要性可見一斑，而對于廣大的一線英語教師來說，如果能夠掌握廣博的英美文化，不僅能夠提升自己的文化素養(yǎng)，能夠更加準(zhǔn)確、傳神地講述教材，取得較好的教學(xué)效果，還能夠進(jìn)一步激發(fā)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語的興趣和積極性，擴(kuò)展他們的國際視野?！　⊥庋猩缁A(chǔ)教育分社經(jīng)過長達(dá)四年的調(diào)查研究，廣泛地聽取了廣大一線教師的意見，決定開發(fā)一套英美文化讀本，以滿足中小學(xué)英語教師的需求，并兼顧大專院校學(xué)生和一般讀者的需求。為此，中方團(tuán)隊密切關(guān)注英美文化發(fā)展的最新態(tài)勢，遵循國家《英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》的精神和中國學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語的實際，提出選題方案，然后依據(jù)文章主題聘請各個領(lǐng)域的英美學(xué)者撰寫書稿。在稿件完成后，中方專家又就內(nèi)容和語言問題提出意見，請英美學(xué)者再進(jìn)行修改和完善而成。

內(nèi)容概要

中小學(xué)英語教師、大專院校學(xué)生和對英美文化感興趣的一般讀者叢書內(nèi)容主題依據(jù)國家《英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》規(guī)定的話題和文化教學(xué)要求精心設(shè)計。從英語學(xué)習(xí)者的角度闡釋英美文化內(nèi)涵，打破同類圖書學(xué)術(shù)化、臉譜化的模式。內(nèi)容新穎，反映英美文化最新變遷；視角獨特，從平民視角解讀英美社會現(xiàn)象。專業(yè)作家領(lǐng)銜編寫，英美社會各界人士、熟稔英美文化的人士細(xì)述體驗與感悟。

書籍目錄

1 Entertainment　'Live' or 'on the big screen'　Contemporary Western music.　"It's like dreaming with your feet!"　Life in a virtual world.2 Sports　Sports in the UK　Sports in the US　Not 'hitting below the belt' when you're in a　'no-win situation'　Sport as a billion dollar business3 Travel　Around the Worm in Eighty Days　Gap year experience 　Travel in the UK.　Travel in the US4 Mass media　Keeping on top of the news and the freedom of the press.　The intemet and its impact　Radio in the UK and the US　Television in the UK and the US5 The English language　Old, Middle and ModemEnglish .　'The Queen's English' or 'Brummy'　British and American English　Body language: a universal language'?6 Literatrue7 Arts8 Religion9 Government and Political thought10 Youth culture

章節(jié)摘錄

　　An important reason for the changes inpronunciation and spelling in AmericanEnglish was the work of Noah Webster.He compiled the American Dictionary ofthe English Language published in 1828.He proposed that every letter in a wordshould be given its due proportion ofsound. Remember that because Englishderives from many other languages， oftenthe spelling of a word does not reflectthe phonetic sound of a word. This canbe very frustrating for people learningEnglish from a book. An example isthe word far. In British English onewould not pronounce the r at the endof the word. Websters suggestion in hisdictionary became the guideline usedby schools in America. Therefore whenAmericans pronounce the word far， theysound the r. Another example is wordslike secretary. In British English this ispronounced secretry i.e. the a is silent.As a result of Websters suggestions， inAtnerican English every vowel of thisword is pronounced and so the a isvery clearly pronounced when the wordsecretary is said.in the spelling of many words. For example，neighbour， rumour and labour becomeneighbor， rumor and labor in AmericanEnglish. This brings the spelling closer tothe phonetic sound of the word but furtheraway from its Latin or French roots （theseEnglish words with our at the end allderived from French or Latin）. It is thesame with words of French or Latin originthat end in re in British English， forexample， theatre， litre and metre. They arespelt theater， liter and meter in AmericanEnglish. Another common difference isthat American spelling accepts usually only-ize endings in words such as organize，recognize， and realize. British usage tendsto prefer the more French-looking -ise（organise， recognise， realise）. Some wordsof Greek origin， for example， dialogue orcatalogue are spelled without the ue anthe end in American English. Again this isto make them more phonetically true， asWebster proposed.

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