北京紀(jì)勝

前言

北京是偉大祖國的首都，是名震中外的歷史文化名城。她有著三千多年的建城史和八百多年的定都史，自元朝迄今，北京作為全國的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化中心，積淀了豐厚的歷史文化遺存，承載著中華文明的精華，是我國燦爛輝煌的歷史文化的偉大象征。在這里，優(yōu)美秀麗的風(fēng)景名勝、巍峨厚重的宮殿城闕、布局齊整的街巷胡同、京腔京調(diào)的語言文化、五方雜厝的社會習(xí)俗，以及源遠(yuǎn)流長的神話傳說，使這座千年古都顯得神秘而博大。北京宛若一座盛藏著豐富古董的歷史博物館，堪稱東方歷史、文化、藝術(shù)的璀璨寶庫，令人目不暇接、回味無窮。自元代以來，世界各地的人們從四方八面來到北京，或旅行游覽，或講經(jīng)傳教，或從事經(jīng)貿(mào)，或供職朝廷，北京開始成為世晃人民向往的名都。元代的“汗八里”城即是一座享譽(yù)世界的國際性大都市，是中西文化交流的樞紐。元朝時有馬可·波羅、孟特·科維諾、熱拉德、安德魯、帕烈格利諾、托馬斯、彼得、馬黎諾里等西方人士先后來到北京，他們大多將自己的經(jīng)歷寫成游記，增進(jìn)了歐洲人民對遙遠(yuǎn)的中國的了解。其中意大利人馬可·波羅在元大都游歷并被任命官職，回國后留下的《馬可·波羅游記》詳述了大都城的壯麗景象，令西方讀者驚羨不已，成為近代西方對外殖民拓展的一大動力。明末清初一批西方傳教士，如利瑪竇、龐迪我、熊三撥、龍華民、鄧玉涵、湯若望等，奉命來到北京，他們?nèi)温毘?，融入京城士大夫群中，將西方的宗教、?shù)學(xué)、天文學(xué)、建筑工藝帶入中國，開西學(xué)傳播之先河，形成歷史上中西文化交流的第一次高潮。

內(nèi)容概要

20世紀(jì)二三十年代的北京是很多外國人扮演浪漫角色的溫床，他們大都沉醉于對北京歷史文化的欣賞和現(xiàn)實生活情趣的享受之中，在這樣的歷史情境之下，西方作者撰寫出一批描寫這個時代的北京及他們在這座魅力東方大都市的生活體驗的作品，這本《北京紀(jì)勝》便真實還原了西方人眼中的老北京。作者裴麗珠以一個西方女性直觀的視角，引領(lǐng)大家踏尋北京的名聲古跡，觸摸街巷深處的歷史印痕，將北京的宏大與瑣碎揉捏在一起，做全景式的掃描，是作者“為讀者、訪問者輕松地走過北京過去的寶屋而寫”。

作者簡介

裴麗珠（?～1937），原名JUliet Bredon，英國人。她的父親Robert E．Bredon（中文名裴式楷）和叔叔赫德爵士《Sir Robert Hart）都曾在中國海關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)擔(dān)任要職。裴麗珠在北京度過了一生中的大部分時光。她能說一日流利的中文，喜與北京當(dāng)?shù)匕傩战涣?，諳熟這座大都市的每·個角落、每一條胡同和它的社會習(xí)俗。裴麗珠還著有：《赫德爵士傳奇》、《中國人的陰影》、《陰歷年：中國風(fēng)俗節(jié)日記》、《百壇記》、《中國的新年節(jié)日》等。其中，這本《北京紀(jì)勝》和《陰歷年》影晌較大。

書籍目錄

Chapter Ⅰ  Peking——A Historical SketchChapter Ⅱ  The Wonderful Walls of PekingChapter Ⅲ  The Legation Quarter and Modern PekingChapter Ⅳ  The Picturesqueness of the PastChapter Ⅴ  The Forbidden CityChapter Ⅵ  The Wings of the Forbidden City and the Coal HillChapter Ⅶ  The Sea Palaces and the Mongol Throne HallChapter Ⅶ  The Temple of Heaven and the Temple of AgricultureChapter Ⅸ  Three Temples of Three FaithsChapter Ⅹ  Temples of Many GodsChapter Ⅺ  Temples of the Tartar CityChapter Ⅻ  Temples of the Chinese CityChapter ⅩⅢ  Temples and Tombs outside the CityChapter ⅩⅣ  The Summer Palaces and the Jade FountainChapter ⅩⅤ  Temples of the Western HillsChapter ⅩⅥ  Temples of the Western Hills——(Concluded)Chapter ⅩⅦ  The Great Wall and the Ming TombsChapter ⅩⅧ  The Hsi Ling and the Tung LingChapter ⅩⅨ  Peking--The Old Curiosity ShopChapter ⅩⅩ  The Fun of the FairAppendix Ⅰ  The Dynasties of ChinaAppendix Ⅱ  The Principal Festivals and Fairs in Peking

章節(jié)摘錄

The French found quarters in the fu or palace of the Duke of Chin． famous for its lovely garden．The Chin family．once rich and powerful．Had fallen on evil days and the property was half in ruins．When the French took it over,some of the tumble-down out-buildings were full of crickets in small earthenware pots．Now in those days fighting crickets，like fighting quails，was a favourite sport among the Chinese．Champion animalS often cost large sums．a(chǎn)nd the last degenerate representative Of this noble family had squandered the remains of his substance on them．The Legation was somewhat enlarged after the Siege．part of the site Of Chamot’S Hotel being added to it．Of the original buildings，the chancery，formerly the chapel，is the most important which remains．The British Legation has an equally picturesque history．Originally given as a residence by the Emperor K'ang Hsi to his thirty-third son (whose descendants had the title of Dukes of Liangl this fu was also falling into decay owing to the poverty of the noble owners．The British leased it from the Tsungli Yamen(the old Foreign Office)at~~500 per annum．For forty years the rent was regularly paid，in silver ingots taken in a mule cart by the Chinese Secretary of the Legation to the Yamen every Chinese New Year．Many of the buildings were beyond repair．Part of the Minister’S house，however,is the original palace of the Dukes of Liang and the state approaches guarded by stone lions，the open pavilions(ting’rhs)with thei rred pillars，and the quaint kiosks in the gardens were restored and preserved as far as possible，thereby greatly enhancing the picturesqueness of the Legation． The British always had the largest ground space of any Legation in Pekinh-an area still further extended after 1900 when the sites of the Han Lin College and the Impefial Carriage Park were added to it．For this reason the British compound was chosen as the refuge for all non-combatants in 1900．T110ugh the fighting here was never SO severe as in the French Legation (most of whose buildings were destroyed)there iS，none the less，much within its walls to remind US of a gallant defe：nee．The Councillor’S garden． for instance．was turned into a cemetery where hasty funerals were held， often under a rain of bullets．

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