國際商務(wù)英語閱讀

內(nèi)容概要

本書突出商務(wù)的跨學(xué)科性，國際商務(wù)過程中的管理和溝通、突出中國特色。本教材在選材方面注意到了文章內(nèi)容的時效性、語言質(zhì)量和典型性，以最典型和新鮮的商務(wù)語言傳遞最新的國際商務(wù)信息和當(dāng)今商務(wù)熱點(diǎn)，本教材重在閱讀和討論，限于時間和篇幅，對語言學(xué)習(xí)過程中其他相關(guān)技能的訓(xùn)練涉及不多，本書練習(xí)題中有些問題是開放式的，供學(xué)生討論用，故書后未給出答案，本教材可供在校文秘專業(yè)、國際貿(mào)易專業(yè)的大學(xué)生、涉外工作人員等使用和參考。
    本書既是編者對實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)的總結(jié)，也是對商務(wù)英語教材編寫的一次大膽嘗試。但愿本書能拋磚引玉，起到促進(jìn)、推動國際商務(wù)英語教學(xué)與研究的作用。

書籍目錄

UNIT 1  Introduction to BusinessUNIT 2  Economic IssuesUNIT 3  Sectors &  industriesUNIT 4  Capital MarketsUNIT 5  Technologies & Trends in BusinessUNIT 6  Business & RegulationsUNIT 7 Human Resources ManagementUNIT 8 Business OrganizationsUNIT 9 Marketing & SalesUNIT 10 Production ManagementUNIT 11 Effective CommunicationUNIT 12 Bussiness Ethics & MannersUNIT 13 Financial ManagementUNIT 14 Communication SkillsUNIT 15 Technology-based Communication PracticesUnit 16 Culture & CommunicationKey to ExercisesReferences

章節(jié)摘錄

　　BUSINESS COMPUTER SYSTEMS　　Computers contihue to revolutionize business．Managers，for example，use lnformation from expert systems to help in the decision-making process，and market analysts use complex com-puter databases to analyze and forecast consumer behavior．In fact，computer technology is the most important aspect of the ate twentieth-century information revolution．This technology has led to the development of the new high-tech industries，Such as microelectronics and robotics．　　Speed，a high degree of accuracy，and the ability to manipulate and store large amounts of data led to the early specialization of computers in data processing．More recently，the smaller personal computers(microcomputers)have become afrordable，and software packages have been developed to support numerous business funcdohs．Increasingly used as managerlal tools， personal computers have become an integral part of many mamagers’offices．　　Computers and their appliations have resulted in more efficient and productive business operations．They perform routine functions such as payroll preparation and inventory control and more complex ones such as sales forecasting and preparation of“what if”questions for market abalysis.　　Computer technology is developing so rapidly that it is difficult to foresee exactly what roles computers will play in bisiness in the future．However，numerous computer applications are currently performing vital roles in business operatious．Some of these include：　　·　word processing——using the computer to create，store，edit，and print text．Examples of texts include letters，memos，report，and other written business communications．Replacing the traditional typewriter，word processors are usually the first step in ;ffoce automation．　　·　networking——the integration of computer systems，workstatious，and communications links．Computer networks are designed to meet business requirements by allowing users rapid and simultaneons access to key business information．Computer applications such as electronic mail and teleconferencing are only possible in a networked computer environment.　　·database—a collection of informafion that is integrated and can be accessed for a variety of business applications．In this electronic filing system，businesses can store，update，and ma-nipulate informatior related to operations such as sales and customer demographics more effi-ciently than in older generation of computer programs(e．g.，F(xiàn)ORTRAN and COBOL)．　　·　spreadSheet—a collection of numbers，formulas，and worksheets．The electronic spread-sheet contains rows and cplumns and is used for sales forecasts，reports，income statement and balance sheet preparation，and many other numerical analyses．　　·expert system—a sophisticated computer program that applies specialized knowledge drawn from human experts in order to solve problems．By applying symbolic logic and a series of rules，an expert system simulates the behavior of human experts in solving problems in simi-lar situations．　　The increasing power and affordability of computer hardware and software have led to an even wider use of computers in business．As a result of the development of the mocroprocessor，which is really a computer on a chip，it is possible to have a portable electronic office．For a salesperson in the field，a computer that fits in a briefcase has quickly given way to one that can be held in the palm of the hand(palmtop)．Equipped with a modem，the portable office allows　　instantaneous communications with the home office for solving customer problems．　　Computer technology and software applications are providing numerous opportrnities for business．The challenge is to recognize these opportunities and mamage them in a creative and knowledgeable way.　　The HRM(Human Resource Management)process，which is an ongoing procedure that　　tries to keep the organization supplied with the right people in the right ositions，includes such basic activities as human resource planning，recruitment，selection，socialization，training and development，performance appraisal，and romodons，transfers,demotions，and separations．　　Human resource planning is designed ts ensure that personnel needs will be onstantly and appropriately met.it is accomplished through analysis of both intemal factors，such as current and expected skll needs，vacancies，and　padmental expansiohs and reductions，and factors in the environment，such as the labor market .The use of computers to build and maintain inform_ tion aboUt all employees has enabled organizations to be much more efficient in their planning　　of human resources．　　Recruitment is concemed with developing a pool of job candidates in line with the human resource plan．candidates are usually located through newspaper and professional journal advertisements，employment agencies，word of mouth，and visits to college and uniVersity campuses．　　Selection involves using application forms，resumes，interviews，employment and shlk tests，and reference checks to evaluate and screen job candidate for the mariagers who will u1timately select and hire a candidate.　　In today’s hyper-competitive global markets，any company that operates intemationally is faced with the task of integrating many value systems into a framework that allows the organi-zation not only to survive but also to compete effec“vely。A European research group-the European Managehal Decision Making Project—was formed in l994 to examine the effect of different national value systems on organizational policy．The project’s research methodologY is simple：given identical business problems，do managers in six different European countries choosesimilar soludons? In addition to the responses to these questions，the study also includes both organizational and personal data．　　The behaviors that intrigue the research team most are decisions concerning recruitment，promotion，remuneration and workforce reduchons．The criteria used to select，promote，pay and make employees redundant are thought to reveal most about national values．　　……

媒體關(guān)注與評論

　　編者寄語　　中國加入世界貿(mào)易組織之后，對高層次復(fù)合型國際商務(wù)人才的需求越來越大，越來越迫切。但是，目前具有廣博的國際商務(wù)知識并熟練掌握商務(wù)技能的高級復(fù)合型人才在我國并不多。多數(shù)人要么只有國際商務(wù)的專業(yè)知識而沒有良好的語言技能，要么只有良好的語言技能而沒有國際商務(wù)方面的知識。因此，涉外經(jīng)濟(jì)專業(yè)既要突出該專業(yè)學(xué)生具有較高綜合素質(zhì)的特點(diǎn)，更要突出學(xué)生適應(yīng)經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的特點(diǎn)，我們編寫《國際商務(wù)英語閱讀》教材正是為了達(dá)到這一目的?！　〗陙?，隨著中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速發(fā)展，國內(nèi)也掀起了學(xué)習(xí)國際商務(wù)英語的熱潮，各類有關(guān)國際商務(wù)英語的教材可謂琳瑯滿目。這些教材的編寫者從不同的角度出發(fā)對商務(wù)英語進(jìn)行了歸納和總結(jié)，可以說各有所長，互為補(bǔ)充?！　〉降资裁词巧虅?wù)英語，什么是商務(wù)呢?編者認(rèn)為，只有在明確了商務(wù)英語和商務(wù)這兩個概念和范疇以后，商務(wù)英語教材的編寫才能做到目標(biāo)明確，有針對性?！　恼Z言載體的角度來講，商務(wù)英語屬于專門用途英語，但從內(nèi)容而言，商務(wù)英語又不能脫離商務(wù)。商務(wù)英語可以說就是一門用英語來講授商務(wù)的課程。只懂英語不懂商務(wù)的教師很難教好商務(wù)英語，同樣，只學(xué)英語，不學(xué)商務(wù)的學(xué)生也很難學(xué)好商務(wù)英語。據(jù)編者的陋見，以往的商務(wù)英語教材大多偏重于語言也就是英語的教學(xué)，真正側(cè)重于商務(wù)本身的教材并不多而什么又是商務(wù)呢?也許我們很難給商務(wù)下個定義，但我們卻可以試著勾勒一個框架。當(dāng)我們談?wù)撋虅?wù)時往往離不開經(jīng)濟(jì)、科技、法律、管理、行業(yè)、信息溝通等話題，因此，商務(wù)可以說是一個極為廣泛的概念，同時更是一個跨學(xué)科的領(lǐng)域。商務(wù)并非簡單地做生意，商務(wù)領(lǐng)域涉及的知識廣博而又精深?！　∨＝虼髮W(xué)的 Mark Ellis 和 Christine Johnson 兩位學(xué)者曾在其專著《商務(wù)英語教學(xué)》（上海外語教育出版社，2002年）一書中指出，近年來國際商務(wù)英語教學(xué)呈現(xiàn)出一些共同的特征。一是日益增多跨學(xué)科的閱讀活動（cross-reading from disciplines）；二是日益增多的管理培訓(xùn)（management training）的影響；三是越來越強(qiáng)調(diào)商務(wù)活動中明確無誤的信息溝通（clear communication）的重要性?！　”緯幷哒鞘艿竭@樣一種思路的啟發(fā)，在編寫過程中遵循了以下幾個主要原則：　　一、突出商務(wù)的跨學(xué)科性　　商務(wù)的跨學(xué)科性主要是指商務(wù)的背景要素涉及了經(jīng)濟(jì)問題、資本市場、行業(yè)動態(tài)、信息技術(shù)、法律法規(guī)等領(lǐng)域，正是這些話題不斷構(gòu)成當(dāng)今世界國際商務(wù)領(lǐng)域的背景或焦點(diǎn)?！　《⑼怀鰢H商務(wù)過程中的管理和溝通　　國際商務(wù)的經(jīng)營管理，包括商務(wù)組織、人力資源管理、財務(wù)管理、市場營銷、生產(chǎn)制造等環(huán)節(jié)。我們力圖較為完整地勾畫出國際商務(wù)運(yùn)作的全過程?！　≡趪H商務(wù)溝通部分，重點(diǎn)介紹如何進(jìn)行有效的商務(wù)溝通，商務(wù)溝通的手段、技能和方式，以及商務(wù)溝通中的跨文化意識等。　　……

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