走出非洲

內(nèi)容概要

　　《走出非洲》是迪內(nèi)森的自傳性小說，作家以優(yōu)美的文字敘述了1914年至1931年在非洲經(jīng)營咖啡農(nóng)場的生活，充滿深情地回憶了非洲的自然景色、動物和人，并且用優(yōu)美的文字寫出了對非洲風(fēng)土人情的熟悉和眷戀，處處洋溢著散文美的內(nèi)涵。

作者簡介

　　伊薩克·迪內(nèi)森（Lsak Dinesen）丹麥著名女作家，1885年生于西蘭島龍斯特茲一個貴族家庭。早年就讀于丹麥藝術(shù)學(xué)院，后在巴黎和羅馬學(xué)習(xí)繪畫。1914年隨男爵丈夫旅居肯尼亞，經(jīng)營咖啡農(nóng)場。1931年返回丹麥，后來從事文學(xué)創(chuàng)作。1934年發(fā)表描寫非洲生活的小說集《七個神奇的故事》（Seven Gothic Tales）一舉成名。主要作品有：《走出非洲》（Out of Africa）、《草坪上的影子》（Shadows on the Grass）、《冬天的故事》（Winters Tales）等。《走出非洲》被改編成電影，獲奧斯卡獎。迪內(nèi)森于1962年去世。

書籍目錄

Out Of Africa1. KAMANTE AND LULUThe Ngong FarmA Native ChildThe Savage in the Immigrants HouseA Gazelle2. A SHOOTING ACCIDENT ON THE FARMThe Shooting AccidentRiding in the ReserveWamaiWanyangerriA Kikuyu Chief3. VISITORS TO THE FARMBig DancesA Visitor from AsiaThe Somali WomenOld KnudsenA Fugitive Rests on the FarmVisits of FriendsThe Noble PioneerWings4. FROM ANIMMIGRANTS　NOTEBOOKThe Wild Came to the Aid of the WildThe FirefliesThe Roads of LifeEsas StoryThe IguanaFarah and the Merchant of VeniceThe Elite of BournemouthOf PrideThe OxenOf the Two RacesA War-Time SafariThe Swaheli Numeral System"I will Not Let Thee Go Except Thou Bless Me"The Eclipse of the MoonNatives and VerseOf the MillenniumKitoschs StorySome African BirdsPaniaEsas DeathOf Natives and HistoryThe EarthquakeGeorgeKejikoThe EarthquakeGeorgeKejikoThe Giraffes Go to HamburgIn the MenagerieFellow-TravellersThe Naturalist and the MonkeysKaromenyaPooran SinghA Strange HappeningThe Parrot5. FAREWELL TO THE FARMHard TimesThe Death of KinanjuiThe Grave in the HillsFarah and I Sell OutFarewellShadows on the Grass

章節(jié)摘錄

　　When at last he began to speak it was only to state,slowly and dismally, that he thought things were bad. A little later he added in a vague manner, as if it were altogether a matter to be ignored, that he had now paid over ten sheep to Wainaina. And now Wainaina, he went on, wanted a cow and calf from him as well, and he was going to give them to him. Why had he done that, I asked him, when no judgment had yet been given? Kaninu did not answer, he did not even look at me. He was, this evening, a traveller or pilgrim who had no continuing city. He had come in, as it were on his way, to report to me, and now he was off again. I could not but think that he was ill, after a pause I said that I would take him into hospital the next day. At that he gave me a short, painful glance: the old mocker was being bitterly mocked. But before he went away he did a curious thing, he lifted up a hand to his face as if he were wiping off a tear. It would be a strange thing, like the flowering of the pilgrims staff, should Kaninu have tears in him to shed, and stranger still that he should put them to no use. I wondered　　what had been happening on the farm while I had had my thoughts off it. When Kaninu had gone I sent for Farah and asked him.　　What happened I do not know. All of a sudden the ring swayed, and was broken, some one shrieked aloud, in some seconds the whole place before me was a mass of running,thronging people, there was the sound of blows and of bodies　　falling to the ground, and over our heads the night air was undulating with spears. We all got up, even the wise old women of the centre, who crawled on to the stacks of fire wood to see what was going on.　　ne year the Iong rains failed.　　That is a terrible, tremendous experience, and the farmer who has lived through it, will never forget it. Years afterwards, away from Africa, in the wet climate of a Northern country, he will start up at night, at the sound of a sudden　　shower of rain, and cry, "At last, at last."　　In normal years the long rains began in the last week of March and went on into the middle of June. Up to the time of the rains, the world grew hotter and drier every day,feverish, as in Europe before a great thunderstorm, only more so.　　The Masai, who were my neighbours on the other side of the river, at that time set fire to the bast-dry plains to get new green grass for their cattle with the first rain, and the air over the plains danced with the mighty conflagration; the long grey and rainbow-tinted layers of smoke rolled along over the grass, and the heat and the smell of burning were drifted in over the cultivated land as from a furnace.　　Gigantic clouds gathered, and dissolved again, over the landscape; a light distant shower of rain painted a blue slanting streak across the horizon. All the world had only one thought.　　On an evening just before sunset, the scenery drew close round you, the hills came near and were vigorous, meaning- ful, in their clear, deep blue and green colouring. A couple of hours later you went out and saw that the stars had gone,　　and you felt the night-air soft and deep and pregnant with benefaction.　　When the quickly growing rushing sound wandered over your head it was the wind in the tall forest-trees,—and not the rain. When it ran along the ground it was the wind in the shrubs and the long grass, and not the rain. When it rustled and rattled just above the ground it was the wind in the maize-fields, —where it sounded so much like rain that you were taken in, time after time, and even got a certain content from it, as if you were at least shown the thing you longed for acted on a stage,　 —and not the rain.　　went to the Kyama followed by　　Farah. I always had Farah with me in my dealings with the Kikuyu, for while he showed but little sense where his own quarrels were concerned, and like all Somalis would lose his head altogether wherever his tribal feelings and feuds came　　in, about other peoples differences he had wisdom and discretion. He was,besides, my interpreter, for he spoke Swaheli very well.　　I knew before I arrived at the assembly that the chief object of the proceeding would now be to shear Kaninu as close as possible.-He would see his sheep driven away to all sides, some to indemnify the families of the dead and wounded children, some to maintain the Kyama. From the beginning this went against me. For Kaninu, I thought, had lost his son just as the other fathers, and the fate of his child seemed to me the most tragic of the lot. Warnai was dead and out of it, and Wanyangerri was in Hospital, where people were looking after him, but Kabero had been abandoned by all,and nobody knew where his bones lay.　　Now Kaninu lent himself exceptionally well to his role ofthe ox, fattened for a feast. He was one of my biggest squatters; on my squatter-list he is down for thirty-five head of cattle, five wives and sixty goats. His village was close to my wood, I therefore saw much of his children and his goats,and continually had to run in his women for cutting down my big trees. The Kikuyu know nothing of luxury, the richest amongst them live as the poor, and if I went into Kaninus hut I would find nothing there in the way of furniture except perhaps a small wooden stool to sit on. But there were a number of huts at Kaninus village, and a lively swarming of old women, young people and children round them. And a long row of cattle, about milking time at sunset, advanced towards the village across the plains, with their blue shadows walking gently on the grass beside them. All this gave to the　　old lean man in the leather mantle, with the net of fine wrinkles in his dark shrewd face all filled up with dirt, the orthodox halo of a Nabob of the farm.　　I and Kaninu had had many heated arguments, I had indeed been threatening to turn him off the farm, all over a particular traffic of his. Kaninu was on good terms with the neighbouring Masai tribe, and had married four or five of his　　daughters off to them. The Kikuyu themselves told me how in the old times the Masai had thought it beneath them to intermarry with Kikuyu. But in our days the strange dying nation, to delay its final disappearance has had to come down　　in its pride, the Masai women have no children and the prolific young Kikuyu girls are in demand with the tribe. All Kaninus offspring were good-looking people, and he had brought back a number of sleek romping young heifers across the border of　　the Reserve in exchange for his young daughters. More than one old Kikuyu pater familias in this period became rich in the same way. The big Chief of the Kikuyu, Kinanjui, had sent,　I was told,　more than twenty of his daughters to the Masai, and had got over a hundred head of cattle back from them.

媒體關(guān)注與評論

　　前言　　潘小松　　伊薩克·迪內(nèi)森(Isak Dinesen)是凱倫·布里克森(Karen Blixen)的筆名，丹麥“大作家之一”她先在美國成名，漸漸名播四海。生于1885年，一生大部分時間在出生地容斯泰德倫(Rungstedlund)度過，1962年死于此地。迪內(nèi)森曾在肯尼亞的一個咖啡種植園生活十七年。 1921年，結(jié)婚八年后她同瑞典籍丈夫布羅爾·馮·布里克森-芬尼克男爵分手，開始自己經(jīng)營種植園。然而，1930年，種植園的地主決定放棄這不掙錢的營生。次年，迪氏回到丹麥，搬到母親家住。 1939年，她的母親去世，自己成了一家之主，可以按照自己的品位來改造房屋了。正是在家鄉(xiāng)這片土地上，她開始同時用英語和丹麥語寫作，取筆名為伊薩克·迪內(nèi)森。第一部成功的作品為《七個哥特式的故事》(Seven．Gothic Tales)，還有其它作品，包括《走出非洲》。1985年，根據(jù)此書改編的電影獲奧斯卡獎，為作者贏得國際聲譽。她另兩部短篇集《冬天的故事》(Winter Tales)和《最后的故事》(Last Tales)也較有名。此外另有作品《命運　　故事》、《草地上的影子》和《厄倫加》面世?！　∪菟固┑聜惽f園是迪內(nèi)森的父親1879年買下的，原是個客棧，靠海。此莊園有500年歷史，多農(nóng)舍。至今留存的房屋可追溯至1800年。　　1958年，女作家設(shè)立了容斯泰德倫基金會。 1987年為了紀念女作家，基金會把房屋改成博物館，1991年起對外開放。　　迪內(nèi)森是在二十七歲上遠離丹麥去東部非洲嫁人的?！蹲叱龇侵蕖穼嶋H上就是迪氏在肯尼亞一個四千英畝的咖啡種植園上的生活實錄。因為她的文字優(yōu)美，因為她行文時所帶的情感，因為她對非洲風(fēng)土人情的熟悉和眷念，這本書和電影便有了廣泛的影響。我敢打賭，假如沒有點懷舊的情緒和對人文精神的關(guān)懷，假如你對網(wǎng)絡(luò)時代的浮躁沒有點抵觸情緒，你不會有興趣讀這本書；因為它不以故事情節(jié)取勝，沒有什么令人刺激的東西?！　∥蚁矚g這本書的原因是因為我喜愛作者優(yōu)美的文筆?！拔以诜侵迺r有一個農(nóng)場，在恩恭山脈的腳下。赤道從這些高地一路走過，向北綿延幾百英里。我的農(nóng)場在六千英尺的高度上，白天你感覺高得接近太陽，而早晨和夜晚則清澈寧靜，夜深時還有些冷。”這樣的文字在新生代文學(xué)里會被認為是“白開水”，而我這個年齡的人則容易嚼出味來，以為甘美。迪內(nèi)森擅長描述自然景觀和四時變化，這樣寫既增添了散文美的內(nèi)涵，也濃化了地方特色，她終究是在寫非洲。聚集的云彩、地平線上的雨、初雨的草腥味和泥土味都是作家感覺的對象。　　當然，迪內(nèi)森也寫人物，比如“大頭人奇庫尤”、“索馬里女人”等。迪氏對土人的描寫帶有濃郁的異國風(fēng)情，大大地滿足了讀者對非洲的好奇心。當然，她也寫來自“文明社會”的人，比如瑞典自然學(xué)教授等?！　〉蟽?nèi)森用了很大篇幅寫離別非洲前后的生活，可以想見作者對這片熱土的眷念，畢竟是生活了許久的地方?！吧降妮喞痪嚯x的手抹平了?！边@是怎樣的一種感覺?大概不足為外人道吧?！　≡诿鸵宦犚姟蹲叱龇侵蕖返拿謺r讀者容易產(chǎn)生幻想。打開書頁后你會發(fā)現(xiàn)幻想的神奇并未消失，但還增添了平實和濃厚的生活氣氛，仿佛置身于非洲東部某地的日常生活，這是本書吸引人的另一個原因?！　　洞笪餮笤驴贩Q譽作者為“我們時代最優(yōu)雅最獨特的藝術(shù)家之一。”　　女作家尤多拉·威爾蒂稱此書讓人一瞥作者異常的心智?！　　都~約時報》書評稱迪內(nèi)森是“有著非凡想像力的作家，機敏而智慧?！?/pre>


編輯推薦
　　作者用優(yōu)美的文字寫出了對非洲風(fēng)土人情的熟悉和眷戀，處處洋溢著散文美的內(nèi)涵?！洞笪餮笤驴贩Q譽作者為“我們時代最優(yōu)雅最獨特的藝術(shù)家之一?！迸骷矣榷嗬ね柕俜Q此書讓人一瞥作者異常的心智?！都~約時報》書評稱迪內(nèi)森是“有著非凡想像力的作家，機敏而智慧。”1985年，根據(jù)此書改編的電影獲奧斯卡獎，為作者贏得國際聲譽。　　





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