洛麗塔

前言

　　于曉丹， 廖世奇　　“我承認(rèn)自己不相信時(shí)間，我喜歡把我的魔毯用完疊起后，讓它的圖案的一部分疊印在另一部分之上?！薄　〖{博科夫：《訴說(shuō)吧，回憶》　　弗拉基米爾·納博科夫出生于舊式俄歷1899年4月10日。如果換成西歷，應(yīng)該是4月22日。他一周歲時(shí)，正好是二十世紀(jì)新千年的開始，這一年因?yàn)榕f式俄歷較西歷晚了一天，所以納博科夫的周歲生日就成了西歷4月23日，值得一提的是，這一天正是備受他　　推崇的莎士比亞的生日。　　納博科夫家世相當(dāng)顯赫，他的祖父曾是兩代沙皇的司法大臣，家里既有錢又有文化，而且還屬親英一派。納博科夫幼年受過(guò)的教育一般人根本望塵莫及。他小的時(shí)候，家里走馬燈似的為他請(qǐng)了許多家庭教師，而他憑借天資聰慧，很小就掌握了英語(yǔ)、法語(yǔ)和德語(yǔ)。據(jù)說(shuō)，他在會(huì)寫俄文前就先學(xué)會(huì)了寫英文。七歲時(shí)，他開始迷上了蝴蝶，收集蝴蝶標(biāo)本的嗜好陪伴了他的一生，而且后來(lái)做得相當(dāng)專業(yè)，還發(fā)表過(guò)幾篇有關(guān)蝴蝶的昆蟲學(xué)論文，使得他以作家成名之后，還常常被冠以“昆蟲學(xué)家”的稱號(hào)。納博科夫有一位酷愛(ài)文學(xué)的父親，也許是遺傳的作用，納博科夫很早就與文學(xué)結(jié)下了難解之緣。他最初的創(chuàng)作興趣是寫詩(shī)，十五歲上出版第一本詩(shī)集，三年后出版第二本，被當(dāng)時(shí)輿論譽(yù)為“神童”。他一生寫下的詩(shī)實(shí)在不算少，而且自視不低，但他的詩(shī)名卻一直不怎么響亮。不過(guò)，他后來(lái)許多小說(shuō)行文中那種醉人的詩(shī)意恐怕也得部分歸功于他寫詩(shī)的努力吧?！　〖{博科夫曾把自己離開俄羅斯前的二十年光陰說(shuō)成是一段“十全十美的過(guò)去”。父母的寵愛(ài)，無(wú)憂無(wú)慮地讀書，寫詩(shī)，捉蝴蝶，旅游，度假，甘澀交織的初戀，都在他心中留下了溫暖的痕跡。但這段“過(guò)去”恰恰是俄羅斯歷史上最動(dòng)蕩血腥的年代。納博科夫的一位評(píng)論者曾說(shuō)納博科夫的家世為他觀察俄國(guó)革命提供了“一個(gè)拳擊場(chǎng)邊的位子”。話雖是不錯(cuò)，但有意思的是，就在俄國(guó)革命進(jìn)行得如火如茶之際，納博科夫卻并沒(méi)有到場(chǎng)，而且似乎很有些惡作劇地?cái)[出一副無(wú)動(dòng)于衷的樣子。事實(shí)上對(duì)任何大眾化政治運(yùn)動(dòng)的冷漠是納博科夫從為人到為文始終如一的稟性。這一點(diǎn)顯然不是得自他父親的遺傳。作為立憲派民主黨的創(chuàng)始人之一，納博科夫的父親是當(dāng)時(shí)政壇上的活躍人物。1917年，沙皇尼古拉二世將皇位讓給自己的兄弟，卻遭到拒絕，拒位詔書就出自納博科夫父親之手，也正是這份詔書正式宣告了羅曼諾夫王朝的終結(jié)。十月革命爆發(fā)后，納博科夫的父親把家人送到克里米亞避險(xiǎn)，自己留在彼得堡，企圖推動(dòng)西方式的立憲大會(huì)選舉和蘇維埃唱對(duì)臺(tái)戲，因此被列寧下令逮捕，獲釋后也去了克里米亞。1919年，蘇聯(lián)紅軍攻入克里米亞，納博科夫全家倉(cāng)皇出逃，流亡德國(guó)。納博科夫從此再也沒(méi)有踏上俄羅斯的土地?！　〉桨亓趾蟛痪?，靠變賣母親的首飾，納博科夫得以赴英國(guó)進(jìn)入劍橋大學(xué)就讀，主修法、俄文學(xué)。就在他畢業(yè)前不久，他父親在一次政治集會(huì)上為保護(hù)演講者遇害身亡。這件事對(duì)納博科夫的刺激極深，不少論者認(rèn)為他日后作品中頻繁出現(xiàn)的形形色色的血腥恐怖，與他父親的死有很大關(guān)系。

內(nèi)容概要

　　《洛麗塔》的出版為作者贏了空前的聲名，也引起了巨大的爭(zhēng)議。該書敘述了一個(gè)中年男子與一個(gè)未成年少女的畸戀故事，小說(shuō)始終籠罩在洛麗塔那種對(duì)人世淡然的態(tài)度之中，我們可以跟隨著亨伯特穿越美國(guó)大陸的欲望之旅去深入一個(gè)少女迷茫的生活。一段罪惡的人生，一場(chǎng)綺麗的春夢(mèng)，一個(gè)焦躁的欲望，一個(gè)狂妄的夢(mèng)想，一場(chǎng)揪心的苦難。洛麗塔--一片凝聚男人所有夢(mèng)想的雪花……　　本書通篇都是亨伯特滔滔不絕的第一人稱獨(dú)白。但第一人稱敘述通常就象無(wú)未能佐證的一面之辭。讀者一方面沒(méi)有理由完全信任"我"的誠(chéng)實(shí)，另一方面卻又找不到更為可靠的客觀依據(jù)。　　《洛麗塔》所關(guān)注的也絕不僅僅是戀少女癖。亨伯特的確說(shuō)過(guò)"要一勞永逸地確定小仙女危險(xiǎn)的魔力何在"的話，但我們似乎也沒(méi)有什么理由懷疑他最后的一段話不是認(rèn)真的。在想永不褪色的秘密，預(yù)言家的十四行詩(shī)，藝術(shù)的避難所。這便是你與我能共享的惟一的永恒，我的洛麗塔。

作者簡(jiǎn)介

　　納博科夫（Vladimir Nabokov）1899年生于圣彼得堡。1940年他移居美國(guó)，成為著名的小說(shuō)家、詩(shī)人、批評(píng)家和翻譯家。其代表作《洛麗塔》、《微暗之火》進(jìn)入現(xiàn)代經(jīng)典之列，被譽(yù)為二十世紀(jì)最偉大的藝術(shù)作品之一。他曾在威斯利、斯坦福、康奈爾和哈佛教授文學(xué)。1961年起僑居瑞士，1977年在那兒去世。

章節(jié)摘錄

　　The median age of pubescence for girls has been found to be thirteen years and nine months in New York and Chi cago. The age varies for individuals from ten, or earlier, to seventeen. Virginia was not quite fourteen when Harry Edgar possessed her. He gave her lessons in algebra. Jeminagrine cela. They spent their honeymoon at Petersburg,Fla. Monsieur Poe-poe, as that boy in one of Monsieur Humbert Humberts classes in Paris called the poet-poet.　　Now this was something the intruder had not expected.The whole pill-spiel (a rather sordid affair, entre nous soit dit) had had for object a fastness of sleep that a whole regiment would not have disturbed, and here she was staring at　　me, and thickly calling me Barbara. Barbara, wearing my pajamas which were much too tight for her, remained poised motionless over the little sleep-talker. Softly, with a hopeless sigh, Dolly turned away, resuming her initial position. For at least two minutes I waited and strained on the brink, like that tailor with his homemade parachute forty years ago when about to jump from the Eiffel Tower. Her faint breathing had the rhythm of sleep. Finally I heaved myself onto my narrow margin of bed, stealthily pulled at the odds and ends of sheets piled up to the south of my stone-cold heels - and Lolita lifted her head and gaped at me.　　To my surprise I found her dressea. She was sitting on the edge of the bed in slacks and T-shirt, and was looking at me as if she could not quite place me. The frank soft shape of her small breasts was brought out rather than blurred by　　the limpness of her thin shirt, and this frankness irritated me. She had not washed; yet her mouth was freshly though smudgily painted, and her broad teeth glistened like wine tinged ivory, or pinkish poker chips. And there she sat,　　hands clasped in her lap, and dreamily brimmed with a diabolical glow that had no relation to me whatever.　　Lolita, light of my life, fire of my loins. My sin, my soul.Lo-lee-ta: the tip of the tongue taking a trip of three steps down the palate to tap, at three, on the teeth. Lo. Lee. Ta.　　She was Lo, plain Lo, in the morning, standing four feet ten in one sock. She was Lola in slacks. She was Dolly at school. She was Dolores on the dotted line. But in my arms she was always Lolita.　　Did she have a precursor? She did, indeed she did. In point of fact, there might have been no Lolita at all had I not loved, one summer, a certain initial girl-child. In a princedom by the sea. Oh when? About as many years before Lolita was born as my age was that summer. You can always count on a murderer for a fancy prose style.　　Ladies and gentlemen of the jury, exhibit number one is what the seraphs, the misinformed, simple, noble-winged seraphs, envied. Look at this tangle of thorns.　　When the bride is a widow and the groom is a widower;when the former has lived in Our Great Little Town for hardly two years, and the latter for hardly a month; when Monsieur wants to get the whole damned thing over with as quickly as possible, and Madame gives in with a tolerant smile; then, my reader, the wedding is generally a quietaffair. The bride may dispense with a tiara of orange blos-　　soms securing her finger-tip veil, nor does she carry a white orchid in a prayer book. The brides little daughter might have added to the ceremonies uniting H. and H. a touch of vivid vermeil; but I knew I would not dare be too tender　　with cornered Lolita yet, and therefore agreed it was not worth while tearing the child away from her beloved Camp Q.　　My soi-disant passionate and lonely Charlotte was in everyday life matter-of-fact and gregarious. Moreover, I discovered that although she could not control her heart or her cries, she was a woman of principle. Immediately after　　she had become more or less my mistress (despite the stimulants, her nervous, eager cheri - a heroic cheri!) - had some initial trouble, for which, however, he amply compensated her by a fantastic display of old-world endearments), good Charlotte interviewed me about my relations with God. I could have answered that on that score my mind was open; I said, instead - paying my tribute to a pious platit-ude - that I believed in a cosmic spirit. Looking down at her fingernails, she also asked me had I not in my family a certain strange strain. I countered by inquiring whether she would still want to marry me if my fathers maternal grand-　　father had been, say, a Turk. She said it did not matter a bit; but that, if she ever found out I did not believe in Our Christian God, she would commit suicide. She said it so solemnly that it gave me the creeps. It was then I knew she was a woman of principle.　　It was then that began our extensive travels all over the States. To any other type of tourist accommodation I soon grew to prefer the Functional Motel - clean, neat, safe nooks, ideal places for sleep, argument,reconciliation, insatiable illicit love. At first, in my dread of arousing suspicion, I would eagerly pay for both sections of one double unit, each containing a double bed. I wondered what type of foursome this arrangement was ever intended for, since only a pharisaic parody of privacy could be attained by means of the incomplete partition dividing the cabin or room into two communicating love nests. By and by, the very possibilities that such honest promiscuity suggested (two young couples merrily swapping mates or a child shamming sleep to earwitness primal sonorities) made me bolder, and every now and then I would take a bed-and-cot or twin-bed cabin, a prison cell of paradise, with yellow window shades pulled down to create a morning illusion of Venice and sunshine when actually it was Pennsylvania and　　rain.　　We came to know - nous connuimes, to use a Flaubertian intonation - the stone cottages under enormous Chateau-briandesque trees, the brick unit, the adobe unit, the stucco court, on what the Tour Book of the Automobile Association describes as shaded or spacious or landscaped grounds. The log kind, finished in knotty pine,reminded Lo, by its golden-brown glaze, of fried-chicken bones. We held in contempt the plain whitewashed clapboard Kabins, with their faint sewerish smell or some other gloomy self-conscious stench and nothing to boast of(except good beds), and an unsmiling landlady alwaysprepared to have her gift (... well, I could give you...)turned down.　　I remember as a child in Europe gloating over a map of North America that had Appalachian Mountains boldly running from Alabama up to New Brunswick, so that the whole region they spanned - Tennessee, the Virginias,Pennsylvania, New York, Vermont, New Hampshire and Maine, appeared to my imagination as a gigantic Switzer-land or even Tibet, all mountain, glorious diamond peak upon peak, giant conifers, Le montagnard emigre in his bear skin glory, and Fells tigris goldsmithi, and Red Indians under the catalpas. That it all boiled down to a measly suburban lawn and a smoking garbage incinerator, was appalling.Farewell, Appalachia! Leaving it, we crossed Ohio, the three states beginning with I, and Nebraska- ah, that first whiff of the West! We traveled very leisurely, having more than a week to reach Wace, Continental Divide, where she passionately desired to see the Ceremonial Dances marking the seasonal opening of Magic Cave, and at least three weeks to reach Elphinstone, gem of a western State where she yearned to climb Red Rock from which a mature screen star had recently jumped to her death after a drunken row with her gigolo.　　……

媒體關(guān)注與評(píng)論

　　“我承認(rèn)自己不相信時(shí)間，我喜歡把我的魔毯用完疊起后，讓它的圖案的一部分疊印在另一部分之上?！薄　〖{博科夫：《訴說(shuō)吧，回憶》　　弗拉基米爾·納博科夫出生于舊式俄歷1899年4月10日。如果換成西歷，應(yīng)該是4月22日。他一周歲時(shí)，正好是二十世紀(jì)新千年的開始，這一年因?yàn)榕f式俄歷較西歷晚了一天，所以納博科夫的周歲生日就成了西歷4月23日，值得一提的是，這一天正是備受他　　推崇的莎士比亞的生日?！　〖{博科夫家世相當(dāng)顯赫，他的祖父曾是兩代沙皇的司法大臣，家里既有錢又有文化，而且還屬親英一派。納博科夫幼年受過(guò)的教育一般人根本望塵莫及。他小的時(shí)候，家里走馬燈似的為他請(qǐng)了許多家庭教師，而他憑借天資聰慧，很小就掌握了英語(yǔ)、法語(yǔ)和德語(yǔ)。據(jù)說(shuō)，他在會(huì)寫俄文前就先學(xué)會(huì)了寫英文。七歲時(shí)，他開始迷上了蝴蝶，收集蝴蝶標(biāo)本的嗜好陪伴了他的一生，而且后來(lái)做得相當(dāng)專業(yè)，還發(fā)表過(guò)幾篇有關(guān)蝴蝶的昆蟲學(xué)論文，使得他以作家成名之后，還常常被冠以“昆蟲學(xué)家”的稱號(hào)。納博科夫有一位酷愛(ài)文學(xué)的父親，也許是遺傳的作用，納博科夫很早就與文學(xué)結(jié)下了難解之緣。他最初的創(chuàng)作興趣是寫詩(shī)，十五歲上出版第一本詩(shī)集，三年后出版第二本，被當(dāng)時(shí)輿論譽(yù)為“神童”。他一生寫下的詩(shī)實(shí)在不算少，而且自視不低，但他的詩(shī)名卻一直不怎么響亮。不過(guò)，他后來(lái)許多小說(shuō)行文中那種醉人的詩(shī)意恐怕也得部分歸功于他寫詩(shī)的努力吧?！　〖{博科夫曾把自己離開俄羅斯前的二十年光陰說(shuō)成是一段“十全十美的過(guò)去”。父母的寵愛(ài)，無(wú)憂無(wú)慮地讀書，寫詩(shī)，捉蝴蝶，旅游，度假，甘澀交織的初戀，都在他心中留下了溫暖的痕跡。但這段“過(guò)去”恰恰是俄羅斯歷史上最動(dòng)蕩血腥的年代。納博科夫的一位評(píng)論者曾說(shuō)納博科夫的家世為他觀察俄國(guó)革命提供了“一個(gè)拳擊場(chǎng)邊的位子”。話雖是不錯(cuò)，但有意思的是，就在俄國(guó)革命進(jìn)行得如火如茶之際，納博科夫卻并沒(méi)有到場(chǎng)，而且似乎很有些惡作劇地?cái)[出一副無(wú)動(dòng)于衷的樣子。事實(shí)上對(duì)任何大眾化政治運(yùn)動(dòng)的冷漠是納博科夫從為人到為文始終如一的稟性。這一點(diǎn)顯然不是得自他父親的遺傳。作為立憲派民主黨的創(chuàng)始人之一，納博科夫的父親是當(dāng)時(shí)政壇上的活躍人物。1917年，沙皇尼古拉二世將皇位讓給自己的兄弟，卻遭到拒絕，拒位詔書就出自納博科夫父親之手，也正是這份詔書正式宣告了羅曼諾夫王朝的終結(jié)。十月革命爆發(fā)后，納博科夫的父親把家人送到克里米亞避險(xiǎn)，自己留在彼得堡，企圖推動(dòng)西方式的立憲大會(huì)選舉和蘇維埃唱對(duì)臺(tái)戲，因此被列寧下令逮捕，獲釋后也去了克里米亞。1919年，蘇聯(lián)紅軍攻入克里米亞，納博科夫全家倉(cāng)皇出逃，流亡德國(guó)。納博科夫從此再也沒(méi)有踏上俄羅斯的土地。　　到柏林后不久，靠變賣母親的首飾，納博科夫得以赴英國(guó)進(jìn)入劍橋大學(xué)就讀，主修法、俄文學(xué)。就在他畢業(yè)前不久，他父親在一次政治集會(huì)上為保護(hù)演講者遇害身亡。這件事對(duì)納博科夫的刺激極深，不少論者認(rèn)為他日后作品中頻繁出現(xiàn)的形形色色的血腥恐怖，與他父親的死有很大關(guān)系。

編輯推薦

　　《洛麗塔》是作者流傳最廣的作品，絕大部分篇幅是死囚亨伯特的自白，敘述了一個(gè)中年男子與一個(gè)未成年少女的畸戀故事。小說(shuō)最初未獲準(zhǔn)在美國(guó)發(fā)行，于1955年首次被歐洲巴黎奧林匹亞出版社出版。1958年終于出版了美國(guó)版，作品一路躥升至《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》暢銷書單的第一位?！堵妍愃芬驯桓木幊呻娪?。

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