語言學(xué)入門

內(nèi)容概要

《語言學(xué)入門》以通俗的英語向讀者介紹了當(dāng)代語言學(xué)所涉及的諸多領(lǐng)域和學(xué)科，包括語言的定義、詞匯學(xué)、語義學(xué)、音位學(xué)、句法學(xué)、文體學(xué)等。This book introduces the nature of language. It deals with the sounds that we make when we speak, with the way in which we construct sentences, with the ways in which our speech varies between social situations, and so no. It does so by the commonly adopted method of having chapters with such headings as phonetics, syntax, social variation. Less conventionally, it has a major chapter which, againse the background of these aspects of linguistics, presents the principal features of the languages of western Europe. You have at least one remarkable skill; you can speak a language. For at least one language you generally know what can and what cannot be designated by the everyday words, you know what is and what is not an acceptable way of combining words to form a sentence, you have a good idea of whether or not a particular statement would be acceptable in a particular social situation. As a skilled user, then, you already have a substantial foundation for the study of language. That foundation and an interest in language are all you need; given those, this introductory book can lead you to an understanding of what language consists of ,of how it works. It serves as an introductory book for students of linguistics and as important background material for students of modern languages. Reflecting my work in continuing education, I have attempted to write in a readable style that will also made the book attractive to the many people who want to explore the fascinating world of language without entering full-time education. I would like to thank my wife Bery1 and a student, Arthur McIvor, for taking time to read and comment on my draft. I also thank Bery1 for her support and tolerance while I was working on the book. I also thank Arthur as a representative of those students whose interest and enthusiansm help to inspire and reward my work. The facilties of the University of Edinburgh such as the library and word-processing facilities have been of great assistance.

書籍目錄

PrefacePreface by Halliday王宗炎序?qū)ёx1 What Is language?　1.1 The Sinmificance of Language　1.2 What Is Language?　1.3 The Functions of language　1.4 What Is a language?　1.5 The Elements of language　Summary　Exercises2 Lexis　2.1 What Is a Word?　2.2 Where Do Words Come From?　Summary　Exercises 3 Sexia　3.1 The Function of lexemes　3.2 The meaning of meaning　3.3 Semantic Range　3.4 The Definition of Semantic Range　3.5 Collocation and Idiom　3.6 Homonyny and Idiom　3.7 The Human Element of Meaning　3.8 Pragmatics　3.9 Pragmatics　Summary　Exercises4 Phonetics　4.1 The Organs of Speech　4.2 Comsonants　4.3 Phonemic Notation　4.4 Vowels　4.5 Sounds in Sequence　Summary　Exercises5 Phonology　5.1 Sound Sydtens of Lanuages　5.2 The Phoneme　5.3 Phoniological Rules　5.4 The Phonology of English　5.5 The Phonoloty of Other languages　5.6 Supraesgmental Features　Summary　Exercises6 Morphology7 Syntax8 Tegional Variation9 Social Variation10 Historical Linguistics11 The Languages of Western Europe12 Writing SystemsGlossaryGuide to ExercisesBibliographyIndes文庫索

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