艱難時世

內(nèi)容概要

　　《艱難時世》（Hard Times，1854年）是十九世紀英國著名批判現(xiàn)實主義作家狄更斯（Charles Dickens）的又一巨著。小說描繪了資產(chǎn)階級的唯利是圖、工人群眾的貧困和苦難，以及勞資的矛盾和斗爭。作者以一種近乎漫畫式的筆調(diào)出神入化地展示了一系列典型的人物性格。在當時的英國文學中，如此題材尚屬少見?！　」适掳l(fā)生在一個工業(yè)小城焦煤鎮(zhèn)。這里有勢利而自私的“教育家”格拉德格林，他一直為自己倡導的那套窒息人性的教育方式而自鳴得意。這套教育方式首先扼殺了他兒女的天真情感。女兒路易莎的心靈自小受到嚴重摧殘和壓抑，后最屈從父命嫁給了年長自己三十多歲的富翁邦得比；兒子湯姆則變得放蕩和墮落。邦得比，這個有著古怪虛榮心的焦煤鎮(zhèn)巨富，為了維護“自我奮斗成功”的虛假形象，不惜拋棄生母，假充孤兒。小說同時還著意刻劃了下層人物的不幸，使人過目難忘。比如美麗單純的茜茜，善良解人的雷恰爾，勤勞而又不幸的斯蒂芬及其酗酒沉淪的妻子。　　本書是《艱難時世》原著的簡易中英對照讀本。原書起伏的情節(jié)、動人的神采以及辛辣的筆調(diào)，通過一種明白、淺近、生動的語言得以再現(xiàn)。閱讀本書，正可以在把握原作梗概的同時，迅速提高英語的閱讀能力。本書的漢語譯文有助于讀者正確理解原文以及學習一些翻譯技巧。

作者簡介

　　狄更斯（1812-1870）19世紀英國著名作家及英國批判現(xiàn)實主義文學奠基人。出生于海軍小職員家庭，自學成才。一生共創(chuàng)作了14部長篇小說，還有許多中、短篇小說和雜文、游記、戲劇、小品。著有《艱難時世》《雙城記》《霧都孤兒》《大衛(wèi)·科波菲爾》《遠大前程》等。

章節(jié)摘錄

　　For a moment Louisa longed to cry on his　shoulder and teIll him all that was in her heart. He　was a good man, and kind, in his own way. But　she could not forget the　education of a lifetime. The walls between them were too high. Louisa　　looked at his stony face, and the.moment passed.She sat for a long time, looking silently out of the　window.　　‘Are you asking the factory chimneys for advice, Louisa?’　　‘There seems to be nothing there except　smoke.　But when the night comes,　fire bursts out!’ she answered,　　‘I know that, of coursew but I do not see　what　that　has　to　do　with　our　conversation, Louisa.’　　‘Father, life is so short--’　　‘It is longer now than ever before, my dear.Modern medicine—’　　　　　　　‘I speak of my own life, father.’　　‘The same laws govern it ,my dear,’　　‘Oh,what does it matter?she cried.Then, in a steady ,straight way,she went on,‘Tell Mr Bounderby this Since he wishes to take me in this way ,I am prepared to accept his hand in marriage.Say those exact words.’　　一時間，路易莎多么渴望撲在他的肩上痛哭一場，向他傾述心中的一切。他是一個好人，有他特有的仁慈心，然而她忘不了有生以來所受的教育。隔在他們中間的墻實在太高了。路易莎望著那張冷冰冰的臉，剛才的念頭忽然消失了。她久久地坐著，一言不發(fā)地望著窗外?！　　半y道你在向工廠的煙囪請教嗎，路易莎?”　　“那兒除了濃煙之外似乎什么都沒有?？梢坏揭雇恚莾壕捅懦龌鹦恰！薄　　拔抑?，當然—可我看不出這和我們的談話有什么相干，路易莎?！薄　　案赣H，生命太短暫了—”　　“現(xiàn)在人的壽命比以往任何時候都要長，親愛的，因為現(xiàn)代藥物—”　　“我是說我自己的生命，父親?！薄　　澳愕纳芡瑯拥囊?guī)律支配，親愛的?！薄　　班?，這又有什么關(guān)系？”她叫喊起來。接著，她聲音平靜直截了當?shù)卣f：“告訴邦得比先生，既然他希望用這種方式娶我，我準備接受他的求婚。把這話一字一句地傳給他。”　　Coketown was full of Facts, with no Imagina- tion at ali. Its bricks had been red before the smoke and dirt made them black. It was a town of machinery and tall factory chimneys.　It had a black river full of waste from the factories beside it. Its buildings shook all day with the thunder of its great machines. Its streets all looked the same, and its people all looked the same, and did the same thing. To them every day was the same as yesterday and tomorrow. Every year was the same as last year and next year.　　Coketown was a serious place. It had eighteen churches of plain red brick. Its prison, town hall, and hospital all looked the same. Fact, Fact, Fact was　everywhere,　from　the　school　to　the　tidy graveyard.　　But it was not a happy place. The ordinary working people never went inside the churches. They got drunk instead, in its pubs —and even sang and danced. Could it be, perhaps that they felt a need for something more than pure Fact in their lives? Imagination, perhaps; a need for some lightness and laughter in their hard-working, Fact- filled lives?　　The man lives at Pods End, said Mr Gradgrind.　 Wheres　that,　 Bounderby?　 Mr Bounderby was not sure,　so they stopped and looked about them. Just then a girl came running round the corner. Mr (Gradgrind recognized her.　　Stop! he shouted. Where are you going? Girl number twenty stopped, shaking with fear, and curtseyed shyly.　　Why are you rushing through the streets like a mad thing? said Mr Gradgrind.　　Someone was chasing me,　said the girl.　　Who-- began Mr Gradgrind. Just then the colourless boy, nitzer,　came round the corner at such blind speed that he ran into Mr Bounderby and fell down. What do you mean by this, boy?　asked Mr Gradgrind. Jupe, was this boy chasing　you?　　Yes, sir.　　No, 1 wasnt!　the boy cried, Not until she ran away. But all circus people are liars.　　Enough, said Mr Gradgrind. Bitzer, if I hear any more about you, you will hear about me through the master of the school. Now go along.　　The boy went,　with a poisonous look at Sissy. Now, girl,　said Mr Gradgrind, take us to your father; we are on our way there. What is in that bottle? Drink, I suppose.　　Oh, no, sir, its a special oil.　　Oil? Whatever for?　　To rub father with. We always uae it, sir,when anyone gets hurt in the circus ring.　　The girl led them to a poor little public house. Its here, sir. Just through the bar and up the stairs. If you hear a dog, sir, its only Merrylegs the Wonder Dog.　　焦煤鎮(zhèn)充滿了事實，沒有一點想像。鎮(zhèn)上的磚原先是紅的，煙灰把它們?nèi)镜闷岷?。?zhèn)上機器密布，工廠的煙囪高高聳立。一條黑乎乎的河流載著岸邊工廠里排出的廢棄物流過城鎮(zhèn)。建筑物整日在機器的轟鳴聲中震顫。不僅街道看起來一樣，鎮(zhèn)上的人看起來也都一樣，并且工作也都一樣。對他們來說，今天無異于昨天和明天，今年無異于去年和明年?！　〗姑烘?zhèn)氣氛嚴肅，有十八座簡樸的紅磚教堂。監(jiān)獄、市政廳、醫(yī)院看起來毫無二致。事實、事實，從學校到小基地，處處是事實。　　但是，它卻不是—片樂土。普通勞動工人從來不進教堂。相反。他們在小酒店里把自己灌個酩酊大醉，甚至又唱又跳。會不會是他們感到需要一些別的東西，而不是他們生活中那些純粹的事實?或許是想像。他們生活如此繁重，到處充塞著事實，是不是需要一點輕松和快樂呢?　　“那個人住在‘豆莢端街’。這條街在哪兒，邦得比?”格拉德格林先生問。邦得比也不大清楚。于是他們停住腳步四下張望。就在這時，一個女孩繞墻跑過來，格拉德格林先生一眼認出了她。　　“站住!”他叫遭，“你往哪兒跑?”二十號女學生站住了，怕得直發(fā)抖，哆哆嗦嗦地行了個屈膝禮?！　　澳銥槭裁聪駛€瘋子一樣在街上跑?”格拉德格林先生問?！　　坝腥嗽谧肺遥迸⒄f?！　　罢l——”格拉德格林先生剛想說活，這時比策爾，那個面無血色的男孩，繞過墻角飛快地沖過來，一頭撞在邦得比身上，一下摔倒了?！澳氵@是怎么回事，小孩?”格拉德格林先生問道，“朱浦，是這個小孩追你嗎?”　　“是的，先生?！薄　　安?，我沒有，”男孩叫道，“她跑了我才追的。馬戲團里的人都是騙子!”　　“夠了。”格拉德格林先生說，“比策爾，如果你再說一句話，你會從你老師那兒知道我怎么處置你。好了，你走吧?！蹦泻汉莺莸难酃獾闪塑畿缫幌拢?。“好了，孩子，”格拉德格林先生說，“帶我們?nèi)ヒ娔愀赣H，我們正要找他。那瓶子里有什么?我想是酒吧?！薄　　芭叮皇?，先生，是一種特殊的油?！薄　　坝?干什么用的?”　　“給我父親搓揉用的。馬戲場上一旦有人受傷都要用到它，先生?！薄　∨阉麄儙У揭粋€破舊的小客棧里。“是這兒，先生。穿過酒吧，上了樓梯就跑了。如果你聽到狗叫，先生，那不過是奇狗梅里萊格。”　　……

編輯推薦

　　《艱難時世》是英國著名小說家狄更斯的一部批判現(xiàn)實主義作品，而本書是該名著的英漢雙語對照簡寫本，將原著的情節(jié)及狄更斯特有的敘事筆調(diào)通過明白淺顯語言再現(xiàn)。是英語學習者提高英語閱讀能力的不錯的輔助讀物。

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