語法學

內(nèi)容概要

人們在對語言的特定細節(jié)進行剖析之前，應該對語言整體有個大致的了解。作為語言學研究方向的學生進行深入研究之前的熱身閱讀，《牛津語言學入門叢書》的主旨是為人們理解那些學術性強的語言學專著奠定理論基礎。因為這套叢書淺顯易懂，對那些感興趣卻并非專門從事語言研究的人進一步了解語言也大有裨益。斯沃所著的《語法學》為其中一冊。

書籍目錄

Preface
Author's Introduction
  SECTION I
  Survey
1 What is grammar?
  What is grammar for?
  Language without grammar
  Problems
  Solving the problems
2  From simplicity to complexity: word classes and structures
  Word classes
  Code and message: from words to phrases
  Clauses
  Subjects and objects
  Mood
  Analysing phrases and clauses
  Clauses iide clauses
  The units of language
3  Grammar In the world's languages
  Word classes
  Structural types
  Morphological complexity
  Agreement
  Meanings
  Why is everything so complicated ?
4  Grammar and vocabulary
  How different are grammar and vocabulary?
  The grammar of words
  On the frontier
  Language in use: chunking
  A continuum
5  Grammar In spoken and written text
  Speech and writing
  Building phrases, clauses, and utterances
  Reference and context
  'Given' and 'new': information flow and topic-maintenance
  Text structuring
  Face
  Formal and informal language
  Special kinds of text
6  Grammar and language change
  1,ooo yea of change in English
  Mechanisms of change
  Analogy
  Phonetic erosion
  Grammaticalization
  Speed of change
  How did it all start?
7  Grammar in society: 'correctness' and standardization
  Language under attack
  What do we mean by 'incorrect'?
  Mistakes
  Variation
  Dialect forms
  Alternative usage
  Authorities: descriptive and prescriptive rules
  Problems with prescriptive rules
  Ripples on the ocean
  The desire for standardization
  The price of standardization
8  Grammar In the head
  Investigating language
  From outside to iide
  Learnability and univeal grammar
  Problems with the innatist view
  Usage-based associative learning
  Modularity: grammar in the brain
  SECTION 2
  Readings
  SECTION 3
  References
  SECTION 4
  Glossary
  ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

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