納撒尼爾·霍桑

前言

我們有幸將“劍橋文學(xué)名家研習(xí)系列”(美國(guó)卷)叢書推薦給我國(guó)有關(guān)專業(yè)的本科生、研究生和外國(guó)文學(xué)愛好者。這一套著名大學(xué)出版社的英文原版文學(xué)叢書，以普及、介紹和導(dǎo)讀為宗旨，集權(quán)威性和可讀性于一體，原汁原味但又淺近易懂，特色鮮明，十分難得。叢書是開放式的，我們首先推出第一系列共七冊(cè)，包括詩(shī)人惠特曼、狄金森、龐德，作家霍桑、麥爾維爾、馬克．吐溫和菲茨杰拉德。這些美國(guó)作家和詩(shī)人都是我國(guó)知識(shí)界和文化青年熟知的名字——至少是應(yīng)該知道的名字。他們都是美國(guó)主流文學(xué)的臺(tái)柱，他們的作品影響巨大，能夠反映或折射當(dāng)時(shí)的歷史和社會(huì)狀況，并仍然能給今天的我們帶來(lái)啟示。他們是世界文化遺產(chǎn)的一部分，屬于美國(guó)，也屬于全世界。文學(xué)不是歷史。它不僅僅局限于“記錄”事件，進(jìn)行冷冰冰的梳理歸納，而著力“再現(xiàn)”民族發(fā)展過程中或個(gè)人生活認(rèn)識(shí)中典型的、生動(dòng)的實(shí)例，這些個(gè)案可供放大觀察，分析闡釋，從中解讀出人文環(huán)境的很多信息，提供人生經(jīng)驗(yàn)。文學(xué)無(wú)疆界，這是因?yàn)椴煌拿褡濉v史、個(gè)體的發(fā)展或成長(zhǎng)經(jīng)歷中有許多共性的東西，超越時(shí)空和文化，可以在中國(guó)讀者心靈上喚起共鳴。人類生活的許多體驗(yàn)往往處于一種模糊散亂的“懸浮”狀態(tài)，是我們的語(yǔ)言所不足以表達(dá)的。文學(xué)作品，尤其是經(jīng)過時(shí)間考驗(yàn)的文學(xué)經(jīng)典，可以為我們提供經(jīng)驗(yàn)的拐杖，通過了解他人的體驗(yàn)，更加深刻地認(rèn)識(shí)我們自己，認(rèn)識(shí)生活。我們希望本系列叢書能帶您走近文學(xué)大師，了解他們的生平創(chuàng)作與思想情感，進(jìn)而更多地去閱讀他們的作品，從中獲得借鑒和啟迪。在中國(guó)，我們常講‘‘學(xué)以致用”?！皩W(xué)以致用”固然沒錯(cuò)，但不全面。“學(xué)以致知”才應(yīng)是更普遍、甚至更高的目標(biāo)。很多學(xué)科都不是以“致用”為目的的，如哲學(xué)、美學(xué)、倫理學(xué)等。以是否實(shí)用為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，實(shí)際上是將人類文化知識(shí)的傳承降格、貶黜、庸俗化了。

內(nèi)容概要

作為《紅字》的作者，納撒尼爾·霍桑被看作是19世紀(jì)一名主要作家。這部為學(xué)生撰寫的研習(xí)本以深入淺出、生動(dòng)活潑的文字評(píng)述了霍桑的一生及其創(chuàng)作情況，對(duì)他重要的短篇小說和其他作品進(jìn)行細(xì)致的分析，同時(shí)簡(jiǎn)要回顧和評(píng)介其學(xué)術(shù)成就。研讀19世紀(jì)美國(guó)文學(xué)的學(xué)生會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這部研習(xí)之書不獨(dú)引人入勝，而且大有裨益。

作者簡(jiǎn)介

作者：(美國(guó))佩爾森 (Person.L.S.)

書籍目錄

A note on the textsPrefaceChapter 1 Hawthorne's lifeChapter 2 Hawthorne's contexts　Puritanism　Transcendentalism　Feminism and scribbling women　Race, slavery, and abolition　Nineteenth-century manhoodChapter 3 Hawthorne's short fiction　“Alice Doane's Appeal”　“Roger Malvin's Burial”　“The Gentle Boy”　“Young Goodman Brown”　“The May-Pole of Merry Mount”　“Endicott and the Red Cross”　“The Minister's Black Veil”　“Wakefield”　“My Kinsman, Major Molineux”　“Monsieur du Miroir”　“The New Adam and Eve”　“The Birth-mark“　“The Artist of the Beautiful”　“Rappaccini's Daughter”　“Drowne's Wooden Image”Chapter 4 Hawthorne's novels　The Scarlet Letter　The House of the Seven Gables　The Blithedale Romance　The Marble FaunChapter 5 Hawthorne's critics　Biography　CriticismNotesGuide to further readingIndex

章節(jié)摘錄

Despite Hawthorne's reputation as a romancer who preferred to create a "neu- tral territory, somewhere between the real world and fairy-land" (1: 36) and seemed intent upon liberating his tales and novels from the everyday world, he paid careful attention to historical settings for most of his literary works. He conducted his research, often reading extensively in historical sources, but he routinely changed facts to suit his imaginative purpose. He often sought historical distance as a way of dealing with volatile contemporary issues, such as slavery or women's rights. Regardless of a work's situation in history, how- ever, readers must deal with a tension between historical moments. The Scarlet Letter offers the best case in point. Set in Puritan Boston between 1642 and 1649 (the years of the English Civil War), the novel owes a great deal to seventeenth- century sources, but the most interesting recent research has emphasized the book's treatment of nineteenth-century issues. A key challenge for readers often means figuring out how Hawthorne's use of early history helps him deal with more contemporary matters.Puritanism and the history of early Massachusetts settlements- Massachusetts Bay, Plymouth, and Salem - form one important context in which to under- stand Hawthorne's writing. Hawthorne read widely in seventeenth-century history, both English and American. Scholars such as Charles Ryskamp and Michael Colacurcio have meticulously connected characters and events in The Scarlet Letter and other works to the New England historical record.1 The]ournal of John Winthrop and Winthrop's The History of New England from 1630 to 1649 (1825-26), Caleb H. Snow's A tlistory of Boston (1825), and Joseph Felt's The Annals of Salem from Its First Settlement (1827) represent especially important sources from which Hawthorne took background information. He also drew upon aspects of his personal history. In both "Young Goodman Brown" and The Scarlet Letter, he refers to his earliest American ancestors.

編輯推薦

《納撒尼爾·霍?！肥堑谝徊恳郧逦鷷詴?、淺顯易懂的語(yǔ)言把霍桑的生平與創(chuàng)作的全貌完整呈現(xiàn)給廣大讀者的著作。作者佩爾森把霍桑的創(chuàng)作和他的居家生活、社會(huì)語(yǔ)境特別是宗教語(yǔ)境以及妻子對(duì)他的影響緊密聯(lián)系起來(lái)，條分縷析，從尋常材料中發(fā)現(xiàn)新意，從普通話題中挖掘深味。深入淺出，生動(dòng)鮮活，對(duì)于那些想對(duì)自己鐘愛的作品及其作家增進(jìn)了解的讀者更具吸引力，而且簡(jiǎn)潔明了，沒有半點(diǎn)學(xué)究固態(tài)，可以說是師生們的理想用書，對(duì)于在高校研讀文學(xué)課的研究生及高年級(jí)的本科生來(lái)說十分實(shí)用。

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