中學(xué)生拓展課程系列

前言

　　閱讀既是理解和吸收語言文化信息的重要手段之一，又是語言文化信息的最便捷的輸入源。我國教育部新制定的全日制義務(wù)教育和普通高級中學(xué)《英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》對學(xué)生的閱讀技能從三級到九級提出了明確的要求。在目前國內(nèi)外的各種英語測試中，閱讀理解所占的比重越來越大。為此，我們特向你推薦“中學(xué)英語拓展閱讀叢書”（Timed Readings Plus）。本叢書含有以下3個子系列：社會科學(xué)（Social．Studies）、自然科學(xué)（．Science）及數(shù)學(xué)（Mathematics），由上海外語教育出版社從美國McGraw Hill Glencoe公司引進出版。社會科學(xué)和自然科學(xué)各有10個分冊，社會科學(xué)每冊有24課，自然科學(xué)每冊有25課，每課兩篇閱讀材料；數(shù)學(xué)有5個分冊，每冊有15課，每課兩篇閱讀材料。本叢書語言地道，知識面廣，信息量大，能有效訓(xùn)練學(xué)生的閱讀理解能力，提高他們的閱讀速度。每課的第一篇閱讀材料篇幅長400單詞左右，側(cè)重訓(xùn)練學(xué)生的快速閱讀能力；閱讀理解題則主要檢查學(xué)生是否能在快速閱讀后掌握閱讀材料中的事實和材料所傳達的思想。每課中的第二篇閱讀材料較短，著重訓(xùn)練學(xué)生的閱讀技巧，如：從上下文中猜測生詞的含義，找出作者的觀點，得出中心思想，排列事件順序，推斷作者的論點等。因此，我們認(rèn)為它是一套訓(xùn)練學(xué)生閱讀速度及閱讀理解能力并能同時開拓他們視野的拓展型叢書，適合外國語學(xué)校初二及以上年級學(xué)生和非外國語學(xué)校高中學(xué)生課內(nèi)、外使用。　　怎樣使用本系列叢書呢？我們有以下的一些閱讀策略供大家參考?！　?．閱讀時，要集中注意力?！　?．用一分鐘閱讀標(biāo)題，并思考以下問題：我是否了解這一話題？我從這個話題中能學(xué)到什么？這個話題引起了我怎樣的思考？　　3．重點閱讀文章第一句和最后一句，因為第一句和最后一句往往是作者提出自己觀點和總結(jié)全文觀點的關(guān)鍵句子?！　?．快速閱讀全文以獲得材料所傳達給你的信息。如遇到含有姓名、日期或數(shù)字等的內(nèi)容，你應(yīng)該放慢速度，以便記住這些內(nèi)容。　　怎樣才是一個快速閱讀者？

內(nèi)容概要

　　遨游知識天地學(xué)習(xí)地道英語　　你聽說過環(huán)境建筑學(xué)嗎？你知道轉(zhuǎn)基因技術(shù)基于怎樣的原理嗎？我們每天點擊的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是在哪種巧合下誕生的？歐洲中世紀(jì)城堡中一天的生活是怎樣的？中國古代的造紙術(shù)分哪幾個步驟？你一定想知道這些問題的答案吧。翻開這套"中學(xué)英語拓展閱讀叢書"，你就走進了一個五彩斑斕的奇妙世界。　　《中學(xué)英語拓展閱讀叢書》由外教社從美國著名出版機構(gòu)麥格勞一希爾（McGraw Hill）公司引進，語言地道，知識面廣，信息量大，是一套既注重培養(yǎng)學(xué)生英語閱讀能力，又致力開闊他們視野的拓展型叢書。整套書編寫理念先進，編排設(shè)計科學(xué)，難度逐級遞升，既適合外國語學(xué)校及外語特色學(xué)校初二至高三年級的學(xué)生使用，也適合普通中學(xué)同等水平的學(xué)生使用?！　∥覀兤谂文阍谌の栋蝗坏拈喿x環(huán)境中培養(yǎng)閱讀能力，邀游知識天地，學(xué)習(xí)地道英語。

書籍目錄

致學(xué)生致老師1 A States of the Middle Atlantic Region1 B William Penn's Legacy2 A The Shy Angel2 B A Woman with a Flare for Success3 A Australian Aborigines:Living with a Land and a Legacy3 B Early Tools and Toolmaking4 A John F. Kennedy: Soft on Civil Rights?4 B Bringing History Back to the White House5 A Film and the Depression5 B Edison's Kinetoscope and the Birth of the Movies6 A The Genius of Ancient Rome6 B Augustus and the Pax Romana7 A Haves and Have-Nots in the 1950s7 B Homelessness in the Twenty-First Century8 A I Do, I Do-In Any Tradition8 B Making a Match: The Role of the Shadchan9 A The Changing Roles of American Women9 B Helen Keller's Activism10 A The Russians and the Aleuts10 B The Aleuts of the Pribilofs11 A Map Projections11 B Mercator If by Sea12 A The Electoral College12 B Andrew Jackson and the Electoral System13 A A Navel Journey13 B Hazardous Harvests14 A The Birth of Credit and Debt14 B Using Credit Cards the Smart Way15 A Gandhi and Nehru: Shared Goals, Opposing Values15 B Celebrating Independence16 A Sputnik Sparks the Space Race16 B The "Sputnik Effect".17 A Japan's Unruly Geography17 B What Is an Archipelago?18 A The Tension Between Free Enterprise and Government Regulation18 B Food from the 'Hood19 A The Emancipation Proclamation: "A Fit and Necessary War Measure"19 B The Fighting 54th20 A Jury Duty, Jury Rights20 B Selecting Judges21 A The Haitian Revolution: Casting Out the Caste System21 B Toussaint Louverture, the Sudden Hero22 A Jefferson and Hamilton: Hate that Shaped a Nation22 B Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations 23 A Beware the Air23 B Pedaling Against Pollution24 A The Many Battles of World War Ⅱ Military Women24 B Oveta Culp Hobby: Woman Warrior附錄　Answer Key　Reading Rate　Comprehension Score　Comprehension Skills Profile

章節(jié)摘錄

　　The Genius of Ancient Rome　　In the sixth century B. C. , Rome was a minor town in central Italy. Only a few centuries later, it was a bustling city at the center of one of the most powerful empires in history. In its prime, Rome commanded an empire that ringed the Mediterranean. The Roman Empire in- cluded England, much of Europe, most of Asia, west of the Euphrates River, northern Afri- ca, and all of the islands in between. Why did Rome emerge as one of the greatest powers of all times? There are several related reasons.　　To forge an empire, a nation needs vast armies that can fight on numerous fronts. Un- like its neighbors, Rome made it a practice to grant citizenship to any non-Romans joining their cause. They also let all citizens share in the spoils of victory. Such an open-door policy created a steady flow of enlistees who had a stake in the outcome of battle. In addition, the Romans developed an open formation of small groups of soldiers, which had two great ad- vantages. Troops could quickly be mobilized and deployed as needed. Substitutions of fresh soldiers could readily be made for dead or wounded ones.　　Once a region came under Roman control, it could go about its business under the au- thority of a provincial governor. The Romans found it efficient to have their empire adminis- tered at the local level, rather than concentrating power in Rome. This was not the case with their legal system, however. The Romans unified a jumble of ancient laws and practices into a coherent whole. No longer was the law subject to a variety of interpretations depending up- on who was judging and who was being judged. Rather, the law was predictable and was ap- plied in the same way throughout the empire. The Roman system of governance created sta- bility and produced, through heavy taxation, a steady stream of riches to Rome.　　In order to maintain the empires infrastructure (基礎(chǔ)設(shè)), the ancient Romans focused on building useful structures. They built bridges, huge warehouses, and aqueducts that car- fled water to the public. They also built apartment buildings, public baths, sewers, and paved roads on which goods or armies could be transported. The Romans creation of ce- ment was important to their architecture. This substance proved to be far stronger than other building materials of the time.

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