沃爾特·惠特曼

前言

我們有幸將“劍橋文學名家研習系列”（美國卷）叢書推薦給我國有關(guān)專業(yè)的本科生、研究生和外國文學愛好者。這一套著名大學出版社的英文原版文學叢書，以普及、介紹和導讀為宗旨，集權(quán)威性和可讀性于一體，原汁原昧但又淺近易懂，特色鮮明，十分難得。叢書是開放式的，我們首先推出第一系列共七冊，包括詩人惠特曼、狄金森、龐德，作家霍桑、麥爾維爾、馬克·吐溫和菲茨杰拉德。這些美國作家和詩人都是我國知識界和文化青年熟知的名字——至少是應(yīng)該知道的名字。他們都是美國主流文學的臺柱，他們的作品影響巨大，能夠反映或折射當時的歷史和社會狀況，并仍然能給今天的我們帶來啟示。他們是世界文化遺產(chǎn)的一部分，屬于美國，也屬于全世界。文學不是歷史。它不僅僅局限于“記錄”事件，進行冷冰冰的梳理歸納，而著力“再現(xiàn)”民族發(fā)展過程中或個人生活認識中典型的、生動的實例，這些個案可供放大觀察，分析闡釋，從中解讀出人文環(huán)境的很多信息，提供人生經(jīng)驗。文學無疆界，這是因為不同的民族、歷史、個體的發(fā)展或成長經(jīng)歷中有許多共性的東西，超越時空和文化，可以在中國讀者心靈上喚起共鳴。人類生活的許多體驗往往處于一種模糊散亂的“懸浮”狀態(tài)，是我們的語言所不足以表達的。文學作品，尤其是經(jīng)過時間考驗的文學經(jīng)典，可以為我們提供經(jīng)驗的拐杖，通過了解他人的體驗，更加深刻地認識我們自己，認識生活。我們希望本系列叢書能帶您走近文學大師，了解他們的生平創(chuàng)作與思想情感，進而更多地去閱讀他們的作品，從中獲得借鑒和啟迪。

內(nèi)容概要

本系列旨在為學生引薦英美文學名家，內(nèi)容親和，語言生動，對有意提高西方文學素養(yǎng)的讀者很有吸引力。 沃爾特·惠特曼是19世紀最具創(chuàng)新精神和最具影響力的美國詩人之一。此書以他的傳世之作《草葉集》為中心，為研究惠特曼提供了基礎(chǔ)。除了對惠特曼的主要作品作深入研究，書中還涉及惠特曼的生平、其所處時代的歷史和文化以及評論家對其作品的批評。這些使我們對惠特曼本人及其如何成為美國文學界核心人物有了全面的了解。

作者簡介

作者：(美國)基靈茲華斯(Killingsworth,M.J.)

書籍目錄

PrefaceChapter 1 Life　Youth and literary apprenticeship (1819-1850)　The emergence of the poet (1851-1860)　The war and its aftermath (1861-1873)　The period of reflection and decline(1873-1892)Chapter 2 Historical and cultural contexts　Democracy　The body　The land　The cultureChapter 3 Poetry before the Civil War　1855: "Song of Myself"　Other poems dating from the 1855 Leaves of Grass　1856: poems of sexuality and the body　1856: poems of the earth　1856: "Crossing Brooklyn Ferry"　1860: Sea-Drift poems　1860: gendered clusters -"Children of Adam" and "Calamus"Chapter 4 Poetry after the Civil War　Elegiac poems　The emergence of the image　Minor poetic modesChapter 5 Prose works　The 1855 preface　Democratic Vistas　Specimen DaysChapter 6 Critical reception　The first fifty years, 1855-1905　1905-1955　1955-2005　Notes　Further reading　Index

章節(jié)摘錄

The central event of Walt Whitman's life, literally and figuratively, was the publication of Leaves of Grass. The first edition appeared in 1855, when the poet was thirty-six years old. For the rest of his life, roughly thirty-six more years, he would revise and expand the book through six more editions, his work culminating in the Deathbed Edition of 1891-92. Whitman identified himself completely with Leaves of Grass. In the poem "So Long" at the end of the third (1860) edition, he says, "this is no book / Who touches this touches aman."1Whitman also identified strongly with US history and the American people. What Whitman called his "language experiment" paralleled the experiment of democracy in the new world, as he saw it.2 His book appeared first in the troubled years leading up to the Civil War. When war erupted in 1861, his life and his work were deeply altered.This chapter focuses on the close connection between Whitman's life and his writings. In briefly acknowledging the currents of history that touched Whitman most directly - the momentous effects of modernization in every-thing from the mass media and democratic politics to gender roles and war - it anticipates Chapter 2, which covers the main historical contexts. The chapter is divided into four parts: youth and literary apprenticeship (1819-50), the emergence of the poet (1851-60), the war and its aftermath (1861-73), and the period of reflection and decline (1873-92). Each part is keyed to different stages in Whitman's literary work and marked by shifts of emphasis in his poetic theories and practices occasioned by personal and historical change.

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《劍橋文學名家研習系列(美國卷)之2:沃爾特·惠特曼》由上海外語教育出版社出版。

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