莎士比亞

前言

1897年7月，最早版《英國(guó)名人傳記辭典》的第51卷問(wèn)世，其中有西德尼·李(SidneyL，ee)撰寫(xiě)的條目“莎士比亞的生平”。當(dāng)時(shí)，西德尼·李還是《英國(guó)名人傳記辭典》的編輯，在這項(xiàng)工程完工時(shí)已撰寫(xiě)了800多個(gè)條目。差不多在一個(gè)世紀(jì)之后，我收到來(lái)函，邀請(qǐng)我為新版《牛津英國(guó)名人傳記大辭典》撰寫(xiě)莎士比亞傳記，此前我只編寫(xiě)過(guò)一個(gè)條目：為一位我?guī)缀趼勊绰劦?8世紀(jì)的演員作傳。西德尼·李于1898年再版了莎士比亞的傳記，題名為《莎士比亞的生平》，將條目大大擴(kuò)充，起初達(dá)450多頁(yè)，其后的各種修訂版近800頁(yè)。本書(shū)完全按照《牛津英國(guó)名人傳記大辭典》的最新網(wǎng)絡(luò)版，重印了我撰寫(xiě)的莎士比亞傳記。不過(guò)，西德尼·李和我所撰的莎士比亞條目有一個(gè)共同特點(diǎn)：兩者均為整個(gè)多卷本辭典中篇幅最長(zhǎng)的條目之一，這也顯示出莎士比亞作為英國(guó)民族詩(shī)人的顯赫地位。

內(nèi)容概要

　　《莎士比亞》完全按照《牛津英國(guó)名人傳記大辭典》的最新網(wǎng)絡(luò)版，重印了我撰寫(xiě)的莎士比亞傳記。不過(guò)，西德尼·李和我所撰的莎士比亞條目有一個(gè)共同特點(diǎn)：兩者均為整個(gè)多卷本辭典中篇幅最長(zhǎng)的條目之一，這也顯示出莎士比亞作為英國(guó)民族詩(shī)人的顯赫地位。

作者簡(jiǎn)介

彼得·霍蘭，印地安那州圣母大學(xué)影視與戲劇系莎士比亞研究中心的麥克米爾講座教授，編輯《莎士比亞概覽》，合作主編《牛津莎士比亞主題》(與斯坦利韋爾斯合作)和《偉人莎士比亞》(與艾德里安·普爾合作)。

書(shū)籍目錄

前言作者簡(jiǎn)介1.背景、早期生活和婚姻2.謀職：早期戲劇和詩(shī)歌3.倫敦出名、斯特拉福發(fā)跡4.公眾人物、國(guó)王劇團(tuán)成員5.戲劇、詩(shī)歌和收益6.辭世和紀(jì)念7.成為文豪8.18世紀(jì)的莎翁：英國(guó)和海外9.浪漫主義和莎翁10.維多利亞時(shí)代的反響11.現(xiàn)代主義者和超越國(guó)界的莎翁12.全世界的意愿13.世界性作家資料來(lái)源索引

章節(jié)摘錄

Background, early life,and marriageIV illiam Shakespeare (1564-1616),playwright and poet, was baptized, probably by the parishpriest, John Bretchgirdle, in Holy Trinity, the parish churchof Stratford upon Avon, on 26 April 1564, the third childof John Shakespeare (d.1601,) and Mary Arden (d. 1608). Itseems appropriate that the first of many gaps in the records ofShakespeare's life should be the exact date of his birth, thoughthat is a common problem for the period. He was probablyborn on 21, 22, or 23 April 1564, given the 1559 prayer book'sinstructions to parents on the subject of baptisms. But, eversince Joseph Greene, an eighteenth-century Stratford curate,informed the scholar George Steevens that Shakespeare wasborn on 23 April, with no apparent evidence for his asser-tion, and Steevens adopted that date in his 1773 edition ofShakespeare, it has been usual to assume that Shakespearewas born on St George's day, so that England's patron saintand the birth of the 'national poet' can be celebrated on thesame day. Where he was born is dearer: in 1564 his parentsappear to have been living in Henley Street, probably in partof the building now known as Shakespeare's Birthplace but,equally probably, not in that part of the building in which the room traditionally known as the place of Shakespeare'sbirth is located. The accretion of myth and commerce aroundShakespeare's biography and its material legacy produces suchparadoxes.Shakespeare's familyRichard Shakespeare, a husbandman and probably John'sfather, had settled in Snitterfield near Stratford by 1529 and haddied by February 1561, leaving property that he rented fromRobert Arden of Wilmcote. Robert Arden was a member ofthe younger branch of the powerful Arden family; his father,Thomas Arden, lived at Wilmcote and passed lands, probablyquite extensive, to his son. Robert married twice: with his firstwile, Agnes Mill, nee Webbe, he had at least eight children, allgirls, the youngest of whom was Mary; there appear to havebeen no children from the second marriage, though there werestepchildren.The two families, Ardens and Shakespeares, were linked byRichard Shakespeare's tenancy from Robert Arden. But JohnShakespeare (bAn or before 1530, d. 1601) did not continue hisfather's occupation. By the time he married Mary Arden (sometime between November 1556 and 1558), he had establishedhimself in Stratford as a glover and whittawer (a dresser oflight coloured leather). He lived in Henley Street, buying ahouse and garden there in 1556 and starting to buy furtherproperty in town. In this he might well have been helped byhis wife's inheritance: in Robert Arden's will of November 1556she was named one of the two executors and supervised thesubstantial inventory of his goods and moveables in December1556 after his death. She also inherited the valuable estate in.

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《莎士比亞》由上海譯文出版社出版。名人傳記，專(zhuān)家執(zhí)筆；材料真實(shí)，妙趣橫生；語(yǔ)言地道，原汁原味；注釋簡(jiǎn)明，通俗易懂。上海譯文出版社與牛津大學(xué)出版社聯(lián)袂推出牛津名人傳記叢書(shū)，從莎翁到丘吉爾，從達(dá)爾文到牛頓，可謂群星璀璨，讀之令人受益匪淺、難以釋卷……。

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