翻譯簡史

內(nèi)容概要

　　本書是國內(nèi)外第一部以英文編撰的中西翻譯史教材。從有文字記載的源頭，經(jīng)佛經(jīng)翻譯、科學翻譯、西學翻譯直至21世紀初。敘說西方翻譯，從公元前3000年文字翻譯問世開始，經(jīng)古代、中世紀、文藝復興、近代直至當代。簡明扼要，提綱挈領(lǐng)，陳述實踐，兼顧理論，間以評說，面貌煥然一新。

作者簡介

　　孫迎春，1949年生于河北阜平。1978年至1985年先后就讀于西北師大外文系和河南大學外文系，先后在鄭州大學外文系、煙臺師院外語系、山東大學外國語學院、山大威海分校任教?，F(xiàn)為山大威海分校翻譯學院教授、山大外國語學院博士生導師、中國翻譯協(xié)會理事、山東省國外語言學學會翻譯學專業(yè)委員會會長。共發(fā)表論著90余種，代表著作：主編《譯學大詞典》《譯學詞典與譯學理論文集》《翻譯簡史》等，編著《漢英雙向翻譯學語林》《張谷若翻譯藝術(shù)研究》《科學詞典譯編》《第二次大水——歸異翻譯策略辯證》《譯學詞典論》等。

書籍目錄

Part I A Brief History of Chinese Translation
Chapter 1 Embarkation and Buddhist Translation
　1.1 Embarkation
　1.2 Buddhist Translation （fi'om Eastern Hart Dynasty to
Song）
　
Chapter 2 Yuan Ming Dynasties to Pre-Opium War
　2.1 The Country of Mogolia and Yuan Dynasty
　2.2 Ming Dynasty to Pre-Opium War
　
Chapter 3 Opium War to Pre-May 4th Movement
　3.1 Lin Zexu, Forerunner in Translation Organization
　3.2 Foreign Affairs Insitutions after Opium War
　3.3 Western Scholarship Translation before the Sine-Japanese War
of
　1894-1895
　3.4 Western Scholarship Translation after the Sine-Japanese War
of
　1894-1895
　
Chapter 4 May 4th Movement to the End of 1970s
　4.1 General Introduction to this Period
　4.2 May 4th Movement to the Foundation of the People' s Republic
of China
　4.3 Post-Republic Foundation to the End of 1970s
　
Chapter 5 Chinese Translation in Globalization
　5.1 Introduction of New Western Translation Theories
　5.2 Chinese Translation Studies in Globalizati0n
　5.3 Seeking for Common Ground and Preserving Difference
　
　Part 2 Glances at Translation Histories of Western Countries
Chapter 6 Ancient Times
　6.1 Early Times and Andronicus, Ciceco
　6.2 Early Bible Translation and Jerome, Augustine
　
Chapter 7 The Middle Ages
　7. l Early Middle Ages and Boethius
　7.2 Mid-Middle Ages and School of Toledo
　7.3 Late Middle Ages and Translation into the Vernacular
　
Chapter 8 The Renaissance
　8.1 A Brief Introduction
　8.2 Translation in Germany
　8.3 Translation in France
　8.4 Translation in Britain
　
Chapter 9 Modern Times
　9.l Introduction
　9.2 French Translation and Batteux
　9.3 German Translation and S'chleiermacher, Humboldt
　9.4 British Translation and Dryden, Tytler
　9.5 Russian Translation and Pushkin, Rukovski and Bielinski
　
Chapter 10 Contemporary Translation Studies
　10.1 Introduction
　10.2 Development in Scope and Shift of Focus
　10.3 Major Approaches to Translation Studies
　10.4 A Peek into the Future
　Conclusion
　Bibliography

章節(jié)摘錄

　　Neoliteralism， also named as the rebirth of literalism， was first put forward bythe contemporary American translation critic M， G. Rose. It was in the beginninga kind of evaluation of the developing trend of translation in Europe and America.According to Rose， the literalism， which was advocated by Benjamin in his Tasksof a Translator， was tending to become a new literalism which began to show itsconcern of taste or widely acknowledged rhetoric principles in the light of thecriteria of literal translation. Neoliteralism，different from the traditional literalism，does not stick to the word-for-word translation， instead， it endeavors to create akind of inter-lingual TL which enables readers not only to experience the style ofthe ST， but also to observe the language creativities of the translator. Americantranslation critic D. Robinson holds that the neoliteralism is similar to the ideas ofthe postmodernist Foucault. Neoliteralism encourages the "translator-function（TF）" in translation practice， which is no difference from the "author-function" ofFoucault in the real sense. Dia Diocavetz， a postmodernist translation critic inChile defines TF as follows?！　ome of the deficiencies in the 16th century theory were pointed out by. Chapman， who applied himself with ardent zest to laying down the principleswhich in his opinion should govem poetical translation. He attacked both the overstrict and the over loose methods oftranslation：　 "the brake that those translatorsstick in， that affect Their word for word traductions （where they lose the free graceoftheir natural dialect， and shame their authors with a forced gloss） I laugh to see;and yet as much abhor more license from the words than may express Their fullcompression， and make clear the author："It is literalism， however， which bearsthe brunt of his attack. He is always conscious，"how pedantical and absurd anaffectation it is in the interpretation of any author　 （much more of Homer） to turnhim word for word， when?。╝ccording to Horace and other best lawgivers totranslators） it is the part of every knowing and judicial interpreter， not to followthe number and order ofwords， but the material things themselves， and sentencesto weigh diligently， and to clothe and adorn them with words， and such a sty.le andform oforation; as'are most apt for the language in which they are converted."Chapman thought this literalism.is the prevailing fault of translators. However， hebelieves that it is possible to overeome the difficulties encountered in'translation.He holds that it requires judgment to make Greek and English agree in sense andelocution.In the 16th century， Bible translation prospered. The English Bible took itsshape under unusual conditions， which had their share in the excellence of thefinal result. Appealing， as it did， to all classes， from the scholar， alert forcontroversial detail， to the unlearned layman， concemed only for liis soul'swelfare， it had its growth in the vital atmosphere of strong intellectual and spiritualactivity.　It was not enough that it should bear the test of the scholar's criticism; itmust also reach the understanding ofTyndale's　 "boy that driveth the plough". Itwas then the task of the translator to attain scholarly accuracy combined withpractical intelligibility. The representatives of Bible translation were Tyndale andFulke.William Tyndale?。?494-1536） was a 16th century Protestant reformer andscholar who， influenced by the work of Desiderius Erasmus and Martin Luther，translated considerable parts of the Bible into the Early Modem English of his day.　　……

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