經濟學基礎

內容概要

《“打開經濟學之門”原版注釋基礎讀本》系列叢書是經濟科學出版社適應新形勢下高校雙語教學需求的精心策劃之作。
秉承經濟科學出版社“繁榮經濟科學，宣傳服務財政”的辦社宗旨，叢書的策劃者從中國讀者的英文閱讀實際水平出發(fā)，從海量的國外教材和教輔書中挑選了廣義經濟學的八本入門讀本，內容涵蓋經濟學、管理學、金融學、營銷學等門類，編寫體例分為原理篇、概念篇和人物第三大類，原理篇旨在介紹該學科最基礎的理論框架；概念篇則一一介紹該學科最核心的概念；同時，叢書的另外一大創(chuàng)新是：還嘗試著加入了人物篇，例如，《管理學基礎一一人物篇》介紹了自文藝復興時期以來的50位著名的管理學大師的生平和思想。叢書力圖通過原理、概念、人物的多角度、多層面呈現(xiàn)，為初涉經濟學領域的青年學子和所有非經濟學專業(yè)的讀者們立體地勾畫出一幅完整的學術圖景，而且是原汁原味的呈現(xiàn)。
《“打開經濟學之門”原版注釋基礎讀本》系列叢書被設計成開放式結構：我們將根據讀者的反饋逐漸地出版更多的切合中國讀者需求的好作品。叢書知識性和趣味性并重，英文通俗易懂，適合大學本科低年級學生、高職高專學生閱讀。

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引言
基本概念
參考文獻
主題詞索引

章節(jié)摘錄

　　There can be a temporary equi］ibrium over， say， a week， or an equilibrium over time. An equilibrium can be stationary， per- sisting for a long period if the forces governing demand and sup- ply are stable， as happens in traditional societies with no tech- nical progress. No change is expected and none occurs. An equilibrium can be static or dynamic. If static， the notion of time is excluded ; if dynamic， movement on an equilibrium path is considered.　　With the rise of modern macroeeonomies in the 1930s un- der Keynes and others， the equilibrium between aggregate de- mand and aggregate supply was investigated. As with microeeo- nomic analysis， in maeroeconomics 'scissors diagrams' show- ing an equilibrium at the intersection of the demand and supply curves expounded this idea.　　If seeking an equilibrium is regarded as important then the route to that goal has to be explained. There is an initial choice between price adjustments and quantity adjustments. Prices can be moved up and down until the equilibrium price which will clear the market is achieved. Quantities can be altered by chan- ges in the rate of production and in the use of accumulated stocks until there is neither excess demand nor excess supply. Reaching an equilibrium is not always achievable， as the cob- web theorem shows. Some markets remain in disequilibrium for a long time because of price rigidities. Much of the notion of equilibrium is associated with markets but there can be an equi- librium idea employed in central economic planning where the planners deliberately attempt a series of material balances. The stages of reaching or passing an equilibrium are akin to the pha- ses of an economic cycle. A shock can set a market or economy on a disequilibrium path until forces， including income chan- ges， bring it back to equilibrium.　　……

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