工程力學(xué)專業(yè)英語

前言

　　學(xué)習(xí)完大學(xué)英語之后，不少工科專業(yè)的本科學(xué)生面對(duì)本專業(yè)的英語教材、英語科技論文都感到無所適從.感覺到自己的英語水平還差得太遠(yuǎn)。其實(shí)，許多工科專業(yè)都是以數(shù)學(xué)和力學(xué)為基礎(chǔ)的，只要掌握了常用的數(shù)學(xué)詞匯和基本的力學(xué)詞匯，閱讀本專業(yè)的英語文獻(xiàn)是不成問題的?！　”緯鵀楦叩仍盒９こ塘W(xué)專業(yè)的“專業(yè)英語”課程教材。它以工程力學(xué)專業(yè)教學(xué)計(jì)劃及《工程力學(xué)專業(yè)英語》教學(xué)大綱為指導(dǎo)，兼顧土木、水利、機(jī)械等相近專業(yè)的需要，是編者在多年專業(yè)英語教學(xué)實(shí)踐的基礎(chǔ)上編寫而成的。全書按單元編排.涵蓋了常用的數(shù)學(xué)詞匯及基本的力學(xué)詞匯。書中主要內(nèi)容有理論力學(xué)、材料力學(xué)、結(jié)構(gòu)力學(xué)、彈性力學(xué)、塑性力學(xué)、有限元法、流體力學(xué)、土木工程、結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、高層建筑、水工結(jié)構(gòu)、建筑材料、項(xiàng)目管理等。書后的附錄中列出了常用數(shù)學(xué)符號(hào)的讀法及縮略語。　　參加本書編寫工作的有華北水利水電學(xué)院白新理、謝巍、張建華和河南黃河河務(wù)局楊志超四位同志。全書由白新理教授擔(dān)任主編，謝巍、張建華擔(dān)任副主編。研究生范淵源、于巍、王單飛、王俊峰等同學(xué)參加了部分整理工作?！　”緯舌嵵荽髮W(xué)孫利民教授及華北水利水電學(xué)院孫大風(fēng)教授擔(dān)任主審。他們審閱了書稿.并提出了有益的建議和建設(shè)性的修改意見。華北水利水電學(xué)院楊開云、孟聞遠(yuǎn)、鄭恒祥三位教授也對(duì)本書提出了指導(dǎo)性的建議。本書參考了許多文獻(xiàn)資料.在此向有關(guān)作者、編者一并表示謝意。　　由于編者水平有限，再加上時(shí)間倉促，書中可能有不少疏漏、不妥，甚至錯(cuò)誤之處.懇請(qǐng)讀者批評(píng)指正。

內(nèi)容概要

由白新理主編的《工程力學(xué)專業(yè)英語》按單元編排，涵蓋了常用的數(shù)學(xué)詞匯及基本力學(xué)詞匯，主要內(nèi)容有理論力學(xué)、材料力學(xué)、結(jié)構(gòu)力學(xué)、彈性力學(xué)、塑性力學(xué)、有限元法、流體力學(xué)、土木工程、結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、高層建筑、水工結(jié)構(gòu)、建筑材料、項(xiàng)目管理等。最后，在附錄中列出了常用數(shù)學(xué)符號(hào)的讀法及縮略語。
《工程力學(xué)專業(yè)英語》可作為高等院校工程力學(xué)專業(yè)的“專業(yè)英語” 課程教材，也可作為土木工程相關(guān)專業(yè)學(xué)生的參考用書。

書籍目錄

前言
Unit One
  1 Theoretical Mechanics
  2 Conditio for Rigid-Body Equilibrium
  3 General P1ane Motion
Unit Two
  1 Absolute and Relative Velocity in Plane Motion
  2 Itantaneous Center of Rotation in Plane Motion
  3 Kinetics（Classical Mechanics）
Unit Three
  1 Overview of Engineering Mechanics
  2 Stress and Strain
  3 Teile Stress-Strain Behavior
Unit Four
  1 Toion of a Circular Bar
  2 Deflectio of Beams
  3 Stability of Structures
Unit Five
  l Influence Lines for Bending Moment
  2 Force and Deformation Method
  3 Moment Distribution Method
Unit Six
  1 Dynamics
  2 Structural Analysis Methods for Seismic Actio
  3 Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics
Unit Seven
  1 Elastics
  2 Stress C0ncentratio
  3 Elastic Cotitutive Relatio
Unit Eight
  1 Plastic Behavior of a Teile Bar
  2 Mechanisms of Plastic Deformation
  3 Plastic Limit Analysis
Unit Nine
  1 Finite Element Method
  2 Finite Element Method Programming
  3 Soil Mechanics in Foundation Engineering
Unit Ten
  1 Introduction to Fluid Mechanics
  2 A Brief History of the Development of Fluid Mechanics
  3 Basic Equatio of Fluid Mechanics
Unit Eleven
  1 Civil Engineering
  2 Caree in Civil Engineering
  3 Building Types and Design
Unit Twelve
  1 Philosophy of Structural Design
  2 Strength and Stiffness of Buildings
  3 Design of Simple Structures
Unit Thirteen
  1 Reinforced Concrete Structures
  2 Development of Reinforced Concrete
  3 Steel Sructurt
Unit Fourteen
  1 Structural Forms of Tall Buildings
  2 Bridge Structures
  3 Techniques of Bridge Cotruction
Unit Fifteen
  1 Hydraulic Structures
  2 The Choice of the Type of a Dam
  3 Experimental Techniques
Unit Sixteen
  1 Building Materials
  2 Modern Buildings Design and Structural Materials
  3 Future Trends in Cotruction
Unit Seventeen
  1 What Is Project Management
  2 The Project Life Cycle
  3 Civil Engineering Contracts
Unit Eighteen
  1 Scientific Paper
  2 How to Write a Scientific Paper
  3 Some of the Mechanics Scientists
Appendix Ⅰ Pronunciatio of Greek Lette
Appendix Ⅱ Expressio of Mathematical Symbols
Appendix Ⅲ Common Abbreviatio
Appendix Ⅳ Known Abbreviatio of International Civil Engineering
Organizatio
References

章節(jié)摘錄

　　computed in the analytical model of the actual structure for the assumed design conditions may or may not be in close agreement with the stress intensities produced in actual structure by the actual conditions to which it is exposed.The degree of correspondence is not important，provided that the computed stress intensities can be interpreted in terms of previous experience.The selection of the service conditions and the allowable stressintensities provides a margin of safety against failure.The selection of the magnitude of this margin depends on the degree of uncertainty regarding loading，analysis，design，materials，and construction and on the consequences of failure.For example，if an allowable tensile stress of 20000 psi is selected for structural steel with a yield stress0f 3 3000 psi，the margin of safety（or factor of safety）provided against tensileyielding is 33 000／20000，or 1.65.5.The allowable-stress approach has an important disadvantage in that it does not providea uniform overload capacity for all parts and all types of structures.As a result，there istoday a rapidly growing tendency to base the design on the ultimate strength and serviceability of the structure，with the order allowable-stress approach serving as analternative basis for design.The newer approach currently goes under the name of strength design in reinforced-concrete design literature and plastic design in steel-designliterature.When proportioning is done on the strength basis，the anticipated serviceloading is first multiplied by a suitable load factor（greater than 1），the magnitude of which depends upon the uncertainty of the loading，the possibility of its changing during the life of the structure，and，for a combination of loadings，the likelihood，frequency，and duration of the particular combination.In this approach for reinforce-concrete design，the theoretical capacity of a structural element is reduced by a capacity-reduction factor to provide for small adverse variations in material strengths，workmanship，and dimensions.The structure is then proportioned so that，depending on the governing conditions，the increased load would：（1）cause a fatigue or a buckling or a brittlefracture failure or；（2）just produce yielding at one internal section or simultaneous yielding at several sections）or；（3）cause elastic plastic displacement of the structure or；（4）cause the entire structure to be on the point of collapse.

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