出版時(shí)間:2011-1 出版社:中國(guó)石化 作者:圣才考研網(wǎng) 編 頁(yè)數(shù):199
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前言
國(guó)內(nèi)外經(jīng)典教材輔導(dǎo)系列是一套全面解析當(dāng)前國(guó)內(nèi)外各大院校權(quán)威教科書(shū)的輔導(dǎo)資料。我國(guó)各大院校一般都把國(guó)內(nèi)外通用的權(quán)威教科書(shū)作為本科生和研究生學(xué)習(xí)專(zhuān)業(yè)課程的參考教材,這些教材甚至被很多考試(特別是碩士和博士入學(xué)考試)和培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目作為指定參考書(shū)。這些國(guó)內(nèi)外優(yōu)秀教材的內(nèi)容一般有一定的廣度和深度,這給許多讀者在學(xué)習(xí)專(zhuān)業(yè)教材時(shí)帶來(lái)了一定的困難。為了幫助讀者更好地學(xué)習(xí)專(zhuān)業(yè)課,我們有針對(duì)性地編著了一套與國(guó)內(nèi)外教材配套的復(fù)習(xí)資料,整理了各章的筆記,精選了部分名校考研真題和典型習(xí)題,并提供了詳細(xì)的參考答案?! 墩Z(yǔ)言學(xué)教程》(第3版)(胡壯麟主編,北京大學(xué)出版社)一直被用作高等院校英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)語(yǔ)言學(xué)教材,被絕大多數(shù)院校指定為英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)考研必讀書(shū)和學(xué)術(shù)研究參考書(shū)。作為該教材的學(xué)習(xí)輔導(dǎo)書(shū),本書(shū)具有以下幾個(gè)方面的特點(diǎn): 1.梳理章節(jié)脈絡(luò),濃縮內(nèi)容精華。每章的復(fù)習(xí)筆記以該教材為主并結(jié)合其他教材對(duì)本章的重難點(diǎn)知識(shí)進(jìn)行了整理,并參考了國(guó)內(nèi)名校名師講授該教材的課堂筆記,因此,本書(shū)的內(nèi)容幾乎濃縮了經(jīng)典教材的知識(shí)精華?! ?.中英雙語(yǔ)對(duì)照,突顯難點(diǎn)要點(diǎn)。本書(shū)章節(jié)筆記采用了中英文對(duì)照的形式,強(qiáng)化對(duì)重要難點(diǎn)知識(shí)的理解和運(yùn)用?! ?.精選考研真題,補(bǔ)充難點(diǎn)習(xí)題。本書(shū)精選名校近年考研真題及相關(guān)習(xí)題,并提供答案和詳解。所選真題和習(xí)題基本體現(xiàn)了各個(gè)章節(jié)的考點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn),但又不完全局限于教材內(nèi)容,是對(duì)教材內(nèi)容極好的補(bǔ)充?! ⌒枰貏e說(shuō)明的是:我們深深感謝胡壯麟教授和北京大學(xué)出版社為我們提供了這樣一本優(yōu)秀的語(yǔ)言學(xué)教材。
內(nèi)容概要
本書(shū)是語(yǔ)言學(xué)經(jīng)典教材《語(yǔ)言學(xué)教程》(第3舨)(胡壯麟主編,北京大學(xué)出版社)的學(xué)習(xí)輔導(dǎo)書(shū)。全書(shū)完全遵循該教材的章目編排,共分l2章,每章由兩部分組成:第一部分為復(fù)習(xí)筆記(中英義對(duì)照),總結(jié)本章的重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn);第二部分是考研真題與典型題詳解,精選名校近年(含2010年)考研真題及相關(guān)習(xí)題,并提供了詳細(xì)的參考答案。
書(shū)籍目錄
第1章 語(yǔ)言學(xué)導(dǎo)論 1.1 復(fù)習(xí)筆記 1.2 考研真題與典型題詳解第2章 語(yǔ)音 2.1 復(fù)習(xí)筆記 2.2 考研真題與典型題詳解第3章 詞匯 3.1 復(fù)習(xí)筆記 3.2 考研真題與典型題詳解第4章 句法:從語(yǔ)詞到篇章 4.1 復(fù)習(xí)筆記 4.2 考研真題與典型題詳解第5章 意義 5.1 復(fù)習(xí)筆記 5.2 考研真題與典型題詳解第6章 語(yǔ)言與認(rèn)知 6.1 復(fù)習(xí)筆記 6.2 考研真題與典型題詳解第7章 語(yǔ)言文化社會(huì) 7.1 復(fù)習(xí)筆記 7.2 考研真題與典型題詳解第8章 語(yǔ)言的使用 8.1 復(fù)習(xí)筆記 8.2 考研真題與典型題詳解第9章 語(yǔ)言與文學(xué) 9.1 復(fù)習(xí)筆記 9.2 考研真題與典型題詳解第10章 語(yǔ)言和計(jì)算機(jī) 10.1 復(fù)習(xí)筆記 10.2 考研真題與典型題詳解第11章 語(yǔ)言學(xué)與語(yǔ)言教學(xué) 11.1 復(fù)習(xí)筆記 11.2 考研真題與典型題詳解第12章 現(xiàn)代語(yǔ)言學(xué)理論與流派 12.1 復(fù)習(xí)筆記 12.2考研真題與典型題詳解
章節(jié)摘錄
The lines said above show that the relationship between the form (sounds) and meaning (con-cept) of a word in spoken language is arbitrary in nature. That means there is no logical connec-tion between forms (sounds) and meaning (concept). Different sounds are used to refer to thesame object in different languages. Sounds are just symbols; they are associated with objects, actions, ideas, etc. by conven-tion. In this example, the rose can be called by many names in different languages but its smellnever changes. Another example, different languages have different forms for referring to doginEnglish, such as Chinese "(gou)" , French "chien (n. m. )". While language is arbitraryby nature, there are some exceptions as well. The best examples in English are the onomatopoet-ic words and compound words. For example, some onomatopoetic words "rumble", " crash","crackle bang" are uttered like the sounds they describe, thus seem to have a natural basis.Besides, some compound words are also not entirely arbitrary. For example while "photo" and"copy" are both arbitrary, the compound word "photocopy" is not entirely arbitrary, thus seemto be motivated. Anyhow, non-arbitrary words make up only a small percentage of the vocabularyof a language.Arbitrariness of language makes it potentially creative; a conventionality of language makes a lan-guage be passed from generation to generation, and makes learning a language laborious. Thelink between a linguistic sign and its meaning is a matter of convention. The terms motivation and constraint describe the extent to which the signified determines thesignifier. The form of the signifier of a generalized car or a traffic sign is determined by the con-vention that is accepted by the users of the code.
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適用教程: 《語(yǔ)言學(xué)教程》(第3版)(胡壯麟主編,北京大學(xué)出版社) 贈(zèng)140元大禮包
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