考博英語閱讀理解試題分類解析

前言

目前我國博士研究生入學英語考試沒有采取全國統(tǒng)考的方式，沒有統(tǒng)一的考試大綱，而是采取各招生院校自行命題、自行組織考試的辦法，但是各校的考試要求、命題特點大同小異，一些學校的試題類型、內(nèi)容難易程度都非常相似，因此，研究一些學校的考博試題非常有價值。我們參照一些名校博士生入學英語考試大綱，認真研究了30多所高校200多份歷年考博英語真題，精心挑選部分試題和相關資料，編著了考博英語輔導系列?！犊疾┯⒄Z閱讀理解試題分類解析》是一本旨在提高考博英語閱讀理解水平的復習資料。它從眾多名校近幾年考博英語閱讀理解試題中精選出具有一定難度的100多篇文章，按?？嫉拈喿x理解主題（科普科研、文化教育、經(jīng)濟管理等）分為12大類，幾乎涉及到在考博試題中常考的各類題材。每篇文章均有詳細解析和題海拾貝，解析部分為考生指明了答題思路，題海拾貝部分歸納了文中的重點、難點單詞及詞組，其中包含一些專業(yè)詞匯，便于考生拓寬自己的知識領域及擴大相關領域的詞匯量，針對性較強。本書對于近幾年考博英語閱讀理解的真實水平及選材的趨勢具有很強的代表性和說服力，因此，本書參考價值較高，具有很強的實用性。需要特別說明的是：高?？疾┱骖}的收集和參考答案的整理是非常困難的，我們在編著考博英語輔導系列的過程中得到了許多院校師生的協(xié)助，并參考了眾多考博復習材料（特別是一些名校內(nèi)部考博英語講義、試題等），在此深表感謝。由于水平有限，錯誤不可避免，不妥之處和建議可與編者聯(lián)系，不甚感激。

內(nèi)容概要

　　《考博英語閱讀理解試題分類解析（第2版）》是一本旨在提高考生考博英語閱讀理解水平的復習資料。它從眾多名校近幾年考博英語閱讀理解試題中精選出具有一定難度的100多篇文章，按?？嫉拈喿x理解主題（科普科研、文化教育、經(jīng)濟管理等）分為12大類，幾乎涉及到在考博試題中?？嫉母黝愵}材。每篇文章均有詳細解析和題海拾貝，解析部分為考生指明了答題思路，題海拾貝部分歸納了文中的重點、難點單詞及詞組，其中包含一些專業(yè)詞匯，便于考生拓寬自己的知識領域及擴大相關領域的詞匯量，針對性較強。對于近幾年考博英語閱讀理解的真實水平及選材的趨勢，《考博英語輔導系列：考博英語閱讀理解試題分類解析（第2版）》具有很強的代表性和說服力?！　　犊疾┯⒄Z輔導系列：考博英語閱讀理解試題分類解析（第2版）》和配套網(wǎng)絡班及面授班特別適用于參加博士研究生入學考試的考生，也適用于考研英語、職稱英語、博士學位英語等其他考試的考生參考。

書籍目錄

第一部分考試要求、命題形式與解題技巧一、考試要求二、命題形式三、解題方法與技巧第二部分 閱讀理解分類解析Unit 1 風土人情類unit 2 婚姻家庭類unit 3 經(jīng)濟管理類Unit 4 科普科研類Unit 5 人物記述類Unit 6 社會生活類Unit 7 社會問題類Unit 8 生態(tài)環(huán)境類unit 9 文化教育類unit 10 醫(yī)療健康類unit 11 藝術文學類Unit 12 政治法律類

章節(jié)摘錄

Whenever two or more unusual traits or situations are found in the same place, it is tempting to look for more than a coincidental relationship between them. The high Himalayas and the Tibetan plateau certainly have extraordinary physical characteristics and the cultures which are found there are also unusual, though not unique. However, there is no intention of adopting Montesquieu' s view of climate and soil as cultural determinants. The ecology of a region merely poses some of the problems faced by the inhabitants of the region, and while the problems facing a culture are iinportant to its development, they do not determine it.The appearance of the Himalayas during the late Tertiary Period and the accompanying further raising of the previously established rages had a marked effect on the climate of the region. Primarily, of course, it blocked the Indian monsoon（季風） from reaching Central Asia at all. Secondarily, air and moisture from other directions were also reduced.Prior to the raising of the Himalayas, the land now forming the Tibetan uplands had a dry, continental climate with vegetation and animal life similar to that of much of the rest of the region on the same parallel, but somewhat different than that of the areas farther north, which were already drier. With the coming of the Himalayas and the relatively sudden drying out of the region, there was a severe thinning out of the animal and plant population. The ensuing incomplete Pleistocene glaciations （冰蝕） had a further thinning effect, but significantly did not wipe out life in the area. Thus after the end of the glaciation there were only a few varieties of life extant from the original continental species. Isolated by the Kunlun range from the Tarim basin and Turfan depression, species which had already adapted to the dry steppe climate, and would otherwise have been expected to flourish in Tibetan, the remaining native fauna and flora （動植物）multiplied. Armand describes the Tibetan fauna as not having great variety, but being "striking" in the abundance of the particular species that are present. The plant life is similarly limited in variety, with some observers finding no more than seventy varieties of plants in even the relatively fertile Eastern Tibetan valleys ; with fewer than ten food crops. Tibetan "tea" is a major staple, perhaps replacing the unavailable vegetables.The difficulties of living in an environment at once dry and cold and populated with species more usually found in more hospitable climates, are great. These difficulties may well have influenced the unusual polyandrous（一妻多夫制）societies typical of the region. Lattimore sees the maintenance of multiple-husband households as being preserved from earlier forms by the harsh conditions of the Tibetan uplands which permitted no experimentation and "froze" the cultures which came there. Kawakita, on the other hand, sees the polyandry as a way of easily permitting the best householder to become the head husband regardless of age. His detailed studies of the Bhotea village of Tsumje do seem to support this idea of polyandry as a method of talent mobility is a situation where even the best talent is barely enough for survival.

編輯推薦

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