純粹理性批判

內(nèi)容概要

　　本書是康德三大批判著作、也是其全部哲學(xué)著述中意義最為特殊和重大的巨著，《純粹理性批判》改變了整個(gè)西方哲學(xué)前進(jìn)發(fā)展的方向和進(jìn)程?？档禄?1年的時(shí)間完成，1781年初版，1787年再版。貫徹始終的根本指導(dǎo)思想就是：通過(guò)對(duì)理性本身、即人類先天認(rèn)識(shí)能力的批判考察，從而確定它能認(rèn)識(shí)什么和不能認(rèn)識(shí)什么，在這基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)形而上學(xué)的命運(yùn)和前途作出最終的判決和規(guī)定，其使命是為真正的、作為科學(xué)的形而上學(xué)提供堅(jiān)實(shí)可靠的基礎(chǔ)。

書籍目錄

1 INTRODUCTION.
 1.1 I. Of the difference between Pure and Empirical
Knowledge
 1.2 II. The Human Intellect, even in an
Unphilosophical State, is in Possession of Certain Cognitions "a
priori".
 1.3 III. Philosophy stands in need of a Science which
shall Determine the Possibility, Principles, and Extent of Human
Knowledge "a priori"
 1.4 IV. Of the Difference Between Analytical and
Synthetical Judge-ments
 1.5 V. In all Theoretical Sciences of Reason,
Synthetical Judgements "a priori" are contained as Principles
 1.6 VI. The Universal Problem of Pure Reason
 1.7 VII. Idea and Division of a Particular Science,
under the Name of a Critique of Pure Reason
2 TRANSCENDENTAL DOCTRINE OF ELEMENTS.
 2.1 FIRST PART. TRANSCENDENTAL AESTHETIC
 SECTION I. Of Space
 SECTION II. Of Time
 2.2 SECOND PART. TRANSCENDENTAL LOGIC
 INTRODUCTION. Idea of a Transcendental
Logic
 I. Of Logic in General
 II. Of Transcendental Logic
 III. Of the Division of General Logic into
Analytic and Dialectic
 IV. Of the Division of Transcendental Logic into
Transcendental Analytic and Dialectic.
 TRANSCENDENTAL LOGIC. FIRST DIVISION
 BOOK I
 CHAPTER I. Of the Transcendental
Clue to the Discovery of all Pure Conceptions of the
Understanding.
 CHAPTER II Of the Deduction of the
Pure Conceptions of the Understanding
 BOOK II. Analytic of Principles
 CHAPTER I. Of the Schematism at of
the Pure Conceptions of the Understanding
 CHAPTER II. System of all Principles
of the Pure Understanding
 CHAPTER III. Of the Ground of the
Division of all Objects into Phenomena and Noumena
 TRANSCENDENTAL LOGIC. SECOND DIVISION
 TRANSCENDENTAL DIALECTIC.
INTRODUCTION
 I. Of Transcendental Illusory
Appearance.
 II. Of Pure Reason as the Seat of
Transcendental Illusory Appearance
 BOOK I. OF THE CONCEPTIONS OF PURE REASON
 SECTION I Of Ideas in General
 SECTION II. Of Transcendental
Ideas
 SECTION III. System of
Transcendental Ideas.
 BOOK II. OF THE DIALECTICAL PROCEDURE OF PURE
REASON
 CHAPTER I. Of the Paralogisms of
Pure Reason
 CHAPTER II. The Antinomy of Pure
Reason.
 CHAPTER III. The Ideal of Pure
Reason.
3 TRANSCENDENTAL DOCTRINE OF METHOD.
 3.1 CHAPTER I. The Discipline of Pure Reason
 3.1.1 SECTION I. The Discipline of Pure
Reason in the Sphere of Dogmatism
 3.1.2 SECTION II. The Discipline of Pure
Reason in Polemics
 3.1.3 SECTION III. The Discipline of Pure
Reason in Hypothesis
 3.1.4 SECTION IV. The Discipline of Pure
Reason in Relation to Proofs
 3.2 CHAPTER II. The Canon of Pure Reason
 3.2.1 SECTION I. Of the Ultimate End of
the Pure Use of Reason
 3.2.2 SECTION II. Of the Ideal of the
Summum Bonum as a Determining Ground of the Ultimate End of Pure
Reason
 3.2.3 SECTION III. Of Opinion, Knowledge,
and Belief
 3.3 CHAPTER III. The Architectonic of Pure
Reason
 3.4 CHAPTER IV. The History of Pure Reason

章節(jié)摘錄

　　But as in all the attempts hitherto made to answer the questions whichreason is prompted by its very nature to propose to itself， for example， whether the world had a beginning， or has existed from eternity， it has always met with unavoidable contradictions， we must not rest satisfied with the mere naturaldisposition of the mind to metaphysics， that is， with the existence of the faculty of pure reason， whence， indeed， some sort of metaphysical system always arises；but it must be possible to arrive at certainty in regard to the question whet herwe know or do not know the things of which metaphysics treats. We must beable to arrive at a decision on the subjects of its questions， or on the ability orinability of reason to form any judgement respecting them； and therefore either to extend with confidence the bounds of our pure reason， or to set strictly defined and safe limits to its action. This last question， which arises out of the above universal problem， would properly run thus： "How is metaphysicspossible as a science？"　　Thus， the critique of reason leads at last， naturally and necessarily， to science； and， on the other hand， the dogmatical use of reason without criticismleads to groundless assertions， against which others equally specious can alwaysbe set， thus ending unavoidably in scepticism.

媒體關(guān)注與評(píng)論

　　倘若我們的學(xué)術(shù)界始終主要依靠中譯本去了解和研究西學(xué)、我們的西學(xué)水平就永遠(yuǎn)不能擺脫可憐的境況。本叢書選擇西方哲學(xué)、人文學(xué)科、社會(huì)科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的最基本的英文經(jīng)典原著，分批陸續(xù)出版，我贊賞這樣的善舉，并且相信，這也是為學(xué)術(shù)做的一件益事?！　　車?guó)平

編輯推薦

　　《英文學(xué)術(shù)名著：純粹理性批判》被公認(rèn)為是德國(guó)哲學(xué)家伊曼努爾·康德流傳最為廣泛，最具影響力的著作，同時(shí)也是整個(gè)西方哲學(xué)史上最重要和影響最深遠(yuǎn)的著作之一。初版于1781年，并于1787年再版的該書，常被稱做康德的“第一批判”，并與其后的《實(shí)踐理性批判》和《判斷力批判》并稱為康德“三大批判”。在這部西方哲學(xué)奠基式的著作中康德嘗試將理性主義和經(jīng)驗(yàn)主義接合起來(lái)，并以此反對(duì)大衛(wèi)·休謨徹底的經(jīng)驗(yàn)主義。

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