水資源工程學(xué)

前言

　　自我國實行改革開放以來，涉外水事逐漸增多。我國引進(jìn)了世界銀行、亞洲銀行貸款，投資水利水電建設(shè)；涉外水利水電工程逐漸增加，一些外國承包商承包了我國魯布革、二灘、弓I大入秦、小浪底、萬家寨等水利水電部分工程的施工，三峽等工程的重要水電機(jī)械設(shè)備制造工作。與此同時，我國許多水利水電設(shè)計、施工單位和機(jī)械設(shè)備制造廠陸續(xù)走出國門，參與國外水利水電工程的建設(shè)。此外，近年來國際大壩組織委員會等的重要會議在我國舉行，水利水電方面的學(xué)術(shù)交流活動則更是頻繁。在這些工作和活動中，英語成為當(dāng)事方主要的工作、交流語言，因此新的形勢要求水利水電建設(shè)者、管理者不但要精通水利水電專業(yè)知識，而且還要諳熟水利水電專業(yè)的英語?！　　秝ater Resources Engineering》（水資源工程學(xué)）是為高等學(xué)校水利水電以及相關(guān)專業(yè)的學(xué)生編寫的雙語教學(xué)教材，也可供我國水利水電工作者提高水利水電專業(yè)英語水平學(xué)習(xí)使用?！　”緯嫦蚓哂兄械扔⒄Z水平的讀者，目的是全面、系統(tǒng)地介紹水資源工程專業(yè)知識。本書具有適當(dāng)?shù)膶I(yè)知識深度，既不是科普讀物，也非專門的學(xué)術(shù)著作?！　”緯诰帉戇^程中，遵照科學(xué)發(fā)展觀的指導(dǎo)原則，注意體現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代水利水電建設(shè)與國家社會和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、環(huán)境生態(tài)保護(hù)之間的關(guān)系。全書重點介紹水資源工程的專業(yè)知識，但也顧及工程水文學(xué)、力學(xué)、水力學(xué)、工程地質(zhì)等專業(yè)基礎(chǔ)課的一些基本概念。書中還介紹了國內(nèi)外若干著名的水利水電工程，當(dāng)代先進(jìn)的水利水電科學(xué)技術(shù)；精選了與內(nèi)容緊密配合的圖片，有助于讀者的學(xué)習(xí)和理解；對于本頁中出現(xiàn)的生疏單詞、短語和疑難句均采用了頁下注的形式作釋，以方便讀者閱讀學(xué)習(xí)。

內(nèi)容概要

　　《水資源工程學(xué)》重點介紹了水資源工程的專業(yè)知識，同時也顧及了工程水文學(xué)、力學(xué)、水力學(xué)、工程地質(zhì)等專業(yè)基礎(chǔ)課的一些基本概念。書中還介紹了國內(nèi)外若干著名的水利水電工程，當(dāng)代先進(jìn)的水利水電科學(xué)技術(shù)等?！端Y源工程學(xué)》適合高等學(xué)校水利專業(yè)師生使用，也可以供水利水電工作者提高水利專業(yè)英語水平。

書籍目錄

序注釋說明PART ONE　WATER RESOURCESCHAPTER 1　AN INTRODUCTION TO WATER RESOURCESCHAPTER 2　THE ROLE OF WATER IN SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTPART TWO　WATER RESOURCES PROJECTSCHAPTER 3　WATER RESOURCES PROJECTS AND HYDRAULIC STRUCTURESCHAPTER 4　RESERVOIRSCHAPTER 5　DAMSCHAPTER 6　RELEASE STRUCTURESCHAPTER 7　WATER INTAKE STRUCTURESCHAPTER 8　RIVER PROJECTSCHAPTER 9　HYDROELECTRIC POWER PROJECTSCHAPTER 10　PROJECTS OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGECHAPTER 11　WATER SUPPLYAND DRAINAGE PROJECTSCHAPTER 12　WATER ENVIRONMENT PROJECTSCHAPTER 13　GATES AND VALVESCHAPTER 14　ROCK STRUCTURESPART THREE　IMPLEMENTATION OF WATER RESOURCES PROJECTCHAPTER 15　INVESTIGATIONCHAPTER 16　PLANNING FOR WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERINGCHAPTER 17　DESIGN FOR PROJECTCHAPTER 18　CONSTRUCTION FOR PROJECTSCHAPTER 19　MANAGEMENT OF WATER RESPURCES PROJECTSCHAPTER 20　SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF WATER RESOURCES

章節(jié)摘錄

　　Gullies are described as active when their walls are free of vegetation and inactive whenthey are stabilized by vegetation.Gullies are also classified as small，medium，and largeaccording to depth.With medium-sized gullies measuring 1 tO 5 m deep.　　Streambank erosion.Removal of soil material from the sides of running streams，streambank erosion，is usually greatest along the outside of bends，but inside meanders may bescoured intensively during severe floods.Streambank erosion affects relatively small areas，butdamage is done to very productive soils.　　Erosion from construction sites.Civil engineering construction often exposes bare soilsubject to severe erosion for several years.During the construction period steep unstable slopesare created that cannot be protected by vegetation.Such construction areas can produce severesedimentation and pollution of streams and downstream reservoirs.　　12.2.4 Erosion damage　　There are many ways in which soil and water erosion CaUSeS damage.　　Soil loss.The most apparent damage caused by water erosion is the removal of soil fromeroding surfaces.While erosion from land covered with perennial vegetation，either grass ortrees，amounts to only a fraction of a ton per acre annually，erosion from bare，cultivated’fieldsmay exceed 200 tons／ac.　　Plant nutrient and organic matter losses.Soil erosion includes not only the removal ofindividual soil particles，but also the loss of organic matter and plant nutrients as well.Plantnutrients may be attached。to the particles or removed in a soluble’form by water.Since theerosion process causes the finer soil particles and organic matter to be removed，and since suchmaterial furnishes most of the exchange capacity of the soil，providing storage for plant food，the removal of these smaller and lighter particles greatly decreases the fertility of the soil.　　Textural change’.Water erosion makes sandy soils even sandier by moving the finestparticles considerable distances and leaving the coarser particles close by.Medium-andfine-textured soils are usually well aggregated.Their textures are not altered seriously byerosion because the water sorts aggregates，not individual soil particles.Generally，small andlarge aggregates have similar textural compositions.　　Erosion may remove the entire surface horizon.The new surface soil，which is really theexposed subsoil，is generally finer textured.This makes seedbed preparation more difficult andposes problems at other stages of crop production.

編輯推薦

　　《水資源工程學(xué)》面向具有中等英語水平的讀者，目的是全面、系統(tǒng)地介紹水資源工程專業(yè)知識。

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