伏爾泰諷刺小說(shuō)老實(shí)人

內(nèi)容概要

　　《伏爾泰諷刺小說(shuō)：老實(shí)人》作者伏爾泰(Voltaire，1694-1778)是十八世紀(jì)法國(guó)資產(chǎn)階級(jí)啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)的旗手，著名的思想家、文學(xué)家、哲學(xué)家?！斗鼱柼┲S刺小說(shuō)：老實(shí)人》是伏爾泰的代表作，其主題是批判盲目樂(lè)觀主義哲學(xué)。小說(shuō)的主人公老實(shí)人開(kāi)始相信他老師的樂(lè)觀主義哲學(xué)；在這個(gè)世界上，一切事物都是完美的。但是殘酷的社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)粉碎了他的夢(mèng)想。他終于認(rèn)識(shí)到社會(huì)的殘酷和冷漠，開(kāi)始相信人生應(yīng)該通過(guò)勞動(dòng)來(lái)獲得幸福。老實(shí)人行為愚蠢可笑。作者筆調(diào)冷靜、從容，給人一種強(qiáng)烈的震撼。

作者簡(jiǎn)介

　　伏爾泰（Voltaire，1694-1778）是十八世紀(jì)法國(guó)資產(chǎn)階級(jí)啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)的旗手，著名的思想家、文學(xué)家、哲學(xué)家。

書(shū)籍目錄

第一章　老實(shí)人在一座華麗的城堡里被撫養(yǎng)成人后來(lái)被驅(qū)逐出去第二章　老實(shí)人在保加利亞的遭遇第三章　老實(shí)人逃離保加利亞及隨后的遭遇第四章　老實(shí)人再次遇到龐格羅斯先生及其遭遇第五章　龐格羅斯博士、老實(shí)人、再浸禮教徒雅克遭遇暴風(fēng)雨、海難、地震等災(zāi)難第六章　葡萄牙人是如何舉辦莊重的火刑典禮以阻止未來(lái)地震的發(fā)生，老實(shí)人如何被當(dāng)眾鞭打第七章　老婦人照顧老實(shí)人老實(shí)人遇上他的所愛(ài)第八章　古內(nèi)宮的故事第九章　古內(nèi)宮、老實(shí)人、大判官和猶太人之間的事第十章　老實(shí)人、古內(nèi)宮和老婦人到達(dá)卡迪士后的遭遇，他們又如何上船第十一章　老婦人往事第十二章　老婦人往事(續(xù))第十三章　老實(shí)人被迫離開(kāi)美麗的古內(nèi)宮小姐和老婦人第十四章　老實(shí)人和卡坎波在巴拉圭受到耶穌會(huì)士接待第十五章　老實(shí)人殺死他親愛(ài)的古內(nèi)宮小姐的哥哥第十六章　兩位旅行者的遭遭，他們帶著兩個(gè)姑娘，兩只猴子和一個(gè)叫奧萊倫的野蠻人第十七章　老實(shí)人和他的侍從到達(dá)厄爾多拉多第十八章　厄爾多拉多見(jiàn)聞第十九章　在蘇里南的遭遇以及老實(shí)人如何認(rèn)識(shí)馬丁第二十章　老實(shí)人和馬丁海上的遭遇第二十一章　老實(shí)人的君士坦丁堡之行第二十二章　老實(shí)人再次找到古內(nèi)宮小姐和老婦人第二十三章　結(jié)局

章節(jié)摘錄

　　Lisbon had been made on purpose for the Anabaptist to bedrowned there. While he was proving his argument a priori,the ship foundered, and the whole crew perished, exceptPangloss, Candide, and the sailor who had been the meansof drowning the good Anabaptist. The villain swam ashore;but Pangloss and Candide reached the land upon a plank.　　As soon as they had recovered from their surprise andfatigue they walked towards Lisbon; with what little moneythey had left they thought to save themselves from starvingafter having escaped drowning.　　Scarcely had they ceased to lament the loss of theirbenefactor and set foot in the city when they perceived thatthe earth trembled under their feet, and thesea, swellingand foaming in the harbor, began dashing in pieces thevessels that were riding at anchor there. Large sheets offlames and cinders covered the streets and public places;the houses tottered, and were tumbled topsy-turvy even totheir foundations, which were themselves destroyed, andthirty thousand inhabitants of both sexes, young and old,were buried beneath the ruins.　　The sailor, whistling and swearing, cried," Damn it,theres something to be got here."　　"What can be the sufficient reason of this phenomenon？"said Pangloss.　　"It must be the Day of Judgment," said Candide.　　The sailor, defying death in the pursuit of plunder,rushed into the midst of the ruin, where he found somemoney, with which he got drunk, and, after he had slepthimself sober he purchased the favors of the first good-natured wench that came in his way, amidst the ruins ofdemolished houses and the groans of half-buried and.

編輯推薦

　　《伏爾泰諷刺小說(shuō)：老實(shí)人》是伏爾泰的代表作。主人公老實(shí)人純樸善良，頭腦簡(jiǎn)單，寄居在森特一登·脫龍克男爵府上，信奉導(dǎo)師邦葛羅斯關(guān)于“世界盡善盡美”的哲學(xué)。老實(shí)人因和男爵的小姐居內(nèi)貢自由戀愛(ài)，被男爵逐出家門(mén)，從此開(kāi)始流浪生涯。其主題是批判盲目樂(lè)觀主義哲學(xué)，小說(shuō)中老實(shí)人及其意中人和他的老師最初覺(jué)得世界是完美的，一切人和一切事物都盡善盡美，但他們?cè)谠庥鲆幌盗袩o(wú)妄之災(zāi)后，終于認(rèn)識(shí)到這個(gè)世界并不完善，唯有勞動(dòng)可以使人們免除煩惱、過(guò)錯(cuò)和欲望三大痛苦。文中還描寫(xiě)了一個(gè)政治清明、黃金遍地的黃金國(guó)。國(guó)中人人過(guò)著自由平等、快樂(lè)而富裕的生活，寄托了伏爾泰的政治理想。

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