固態(tài)物理學(xué)

內(nèi)容概要

固體物理學(xué)是一個(gè)一直蓬勃發(fā)展著的物理學(xué)分支，新理論和新現(xiàn)象不斷涌現(xiàn)，人們期望新的教科書能夠體現(xiàn)固體物理學(xué)研究前沿的最新進(jìn)展。本書在介紹了對固體的幾何描述和晶體電子結(jié)構(gòu)以后，對絕熱原理和晶格振動(dòng)，固體中的散射與輸運(yùn)行為，磁學(xué)和超導(dǎo)電性等內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的剖析。本書內(nèi)容豐富，且體現(xiàn)了理論與實(shí)驗(yàn)兼顧、基礎(chǔ)原理與細(xì)節(jié)的前沿進(jìn)展兼顧的原則，可作為物理學(xué)領(lǐng)域的研究生專業(yè)課教科書和研究人員參考書。

書籍目錄

PrefaceChapter Ⅰ Electrons in one-dimensional periodic potentials  1 The Bloch theorem for one-dimensional periodicity  2 Energy levcls in a periodic array of quantunl wells  3 Electron tunneling and energy bands    3.1 Transmission and resection of electrons through an arbitrary potential.    3.2 Electron tunneling through a periodic potential  4 The tight-binding appro~imation    4.1 Expansion in localized orbitals    4.2 Tridiagonal matrices and continued fractions  5 Plane waves and nearly free-electron approximation    5.1 Expansion in plane waves    5.2 The Mathieu potential and the continued fraction solution  6 Some dynamical aspects of electrons in band theory  Further readingChapter Ⅱ Geometrical description of crystals: direct and reciprocal lattices  1 Simple lattices and composite lattices    1.1 Periodicity and Bravais lattices    1.2 Simple and composite crystal structures  2 Geometrical description of some crystal structures  3 Wigner-Seitz primitive cells  4 Reciprocal lattices    4.1 Definitions and basic properties    4.2 Planes and directions in Bravais lattices  6 Translateonal symmetry and quantum mechanical aspects    6.1 Translational symmetry and Bloch wavefunctions    6.2 The parametric k. p Hamiltonian    6.3 Cyclic boundary conditions    6.4 Special k points for averaging over the Brillouin zone  7 Denity-of-states and critical points  Further readingChapter Ⅲ The Sommerfeld free-electron theory of metals  1 Quantum theory of the free-alectron gas  2 Fermi-Dirac distribution function and chemical potential  3 Electronic specific heat in metals and thermodynamic functin~  4 Thermionic emission from metals  Appendix A. Outline of statistical physics and thermodynamic relations    A1. Microcanonical ensemble and thermodynamic quantities    A2. Canonical ensemble and thermodynamic quantities    A3. Grand canonical ensemble and thermodynamic quantities  Appendix B. Fermi Dirac and Boee~Einstein statistics for independent particles  Appendix C. Modified Fermi-Dira~ statistics in a model of correlation effects  Further readingChapter Ⅳ The one-electron approximation and beyond  1 Introductory rem~ks on the many-electron problem  2 The Hartree equations  3 Identical particles and determinantal wavefunctions  4 Matrix elements between determinantal states  5 The Hartree-Fuck equations    5.1 Variational approach and Haxtree-Fock equations    5.2 Ground-state energy, ionization energies and transition energies    5.3 Haxtree-Fock equations and transition energies in closed-shell systems    5.4 Hartree~Fock-Slater and Hartree-Fock Roothaan approximations  6 Overview of approaches beyond the on.electron approximation  7 Electronic properties and phase diagram of the homogeneous electron gas  8 The density functional theory and the Kohn-Sham equations  Appendix A. Bielectronic integrals anlong spin-orhitals  Appendix B. Outline of second quantizatinn formalism for identical fermions  Appendix C. An integral on the Fermi sphere  Further readingChapter Ⅴ Band theory of crystals  1 Basic assumptions of the hand theory.  2 The tight-binding method (LCAO method)    2.1 Description of the method for simple lattices    2.2 Description of the tight-binding method for composite lattices    2.3 Illustrative applications of the tight-binding scheme  3 The orthogonalized plane wave (OPW) method  4 The pseudopotential method  5 The cellular method  6 The augmented plane wave (APW) methodChapter Ⅵ Electronic Properties of selected crystalsChapter Ⅶ Excitons, plasmons and dielectric screening in crystalsChapter Ⅷ Interacting electronic-nuclear systems and the adiabatic principleChapter Ⅸ Lattice dynamics of crystalsChapter Ⅹ Scattering of particles by crystalsChapter Ⅺ Optical and transport properties in metalsChapter Ⅻ Optical properties of semiconductors and insulatorsChapter ⅫⅠ Transport in intrinsic and homogeneously doped semiconductorsChapter ⅩⅣ Transport in inhomogeneous semiconductorsChapter ⅩⅥ Magnetic properties of loclized systems and Kondo impuritiesChapter ⅩⅦ Magnetic ordering in crystalsChapter ⅩⅧ SuperconductivitySubject inder

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